一、教材分析人教实验版高中思想政治必修4第二单元第六课的第二框题。本框题所在单元的核心问题是如何看待我们周围的世界,该问题也是《生活与哲学》整本书的核心问题之一。而对这一问题的解决,单元中最终是由“在实践中追求和发展真理”来实现的。 本框题是所在单元的归宿,是对物质与意识、实践与认识关系的整体呈现与深华,是如何正确看到我们周围世界问题在世界观上的升华,是单元的最基本的知识目标之一。 二、教学目标(一)知识目标:识记真理的含义;理解真理最基本属性是客观性、真理是有条件的、具体的,认识具有反复性、无限性,在实践中认识、发现、检验、发展真理;分析“追求 真理是一个过程”。(二)能力目标:提高比较分析的能力和明辨是非的能力,培养学生具体问题具体分析的能力及用发展观点看问题的能力。(三)情感、态度与价值观目标:学会在现实生活中正确区分真理和谬误,正确对待人生道路上面临的挫折和困难,树立在实践中不断认识、丰富、发展真理的思想。
一、教材分析本框题包括什么是哲学的基本问题、为什么思维和存在的关系问题是哲学的基本问题两个目题。第一个问题:什么是哲学的基本问题。其逻辑顺序是:什么是哲学的基本问题→哲学的基本问题所包含的两方面的内容→对哲学的基本问题第一方面内容的不同回答是划分唯物主义和唯心主义的标准→对哲学的基本问题第二方面内容的不同回答是划分可知论和不可知论的标准。第二个问题:为什么思维和存在的关系问题是哲学的基本问题。其 逻辑顺序是:思维和存在的关系问题是人们在现实生活和实践活动中遇到的和无法回避的基本问题→思维和存在的关系问题,是一切哲学都不能回避的、必须回答的问题→思维和存在的关系问题,贯穿于哲学发展的始终,对这个问题的不同回答决定着各种哲学的基本性质和方向,决定着对其它哲学问题的回答。 二、教学目标(一)知识目标(1)识记哲学的基本问题(2)解释哲学的基本问题
一、教材分析《哲学史上的伟大变革》是人教版高中政治必修四第3课第2框的教学内容。二、教学目标1.知识目标:马克思主义哲学产生的阶级基础、自然科学基础和理论来源马克思主义哲学的基本特征马克思主义中国化的重大理论成果2.能力目标:通过对马克思主义哲学的产生和基本特征的学习,培养学生鉴别理论是非的能力,进而运用马克思主义哲学的基本观点分析和解决生活实践中的问题。3.情感、态度和价值观目标:实践的观点是马克思主义哲学的首要和基本的观点,培养学生在实践中分析问题和解决问题的能力,进而培养学生在实践活动中的科学探索精神和革命批判精神。三、教学重点难点重点:马克思主义哲学的基本特征;马克思主义中国化的重大理论成果
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的状语)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的状语)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的状语)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定语)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定语)Summary:1. 不定式的结构:to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子,我们知道在描述太空探索时,动词不定式不仅可以用来表目的,还可以用来作定语,表修饰。
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
设疑自探:一个压缩或拉伸的弹簧就是一个“储能器”,怎样衡量形变弹簧蕴含能量的多少呢?弹簧的弹性势能的表达式可能与那几个物理量有关?类比:物体的重力势能与物体所受的重力和高度有关。那么弹簧的弹性势能可能与所受弹力的大小和在弹力方向上的位置变化有关,而由F=kl知弹簧所受弹力等于弹簧的劲度系数与形变量的乘积。预测:弹簧的弹性势能与弹簧的劲度系数和形变量有关。学生讨论如何设计实验: ①、用同一根弹簧在几次被压缩量不同时释放(劲度系数相同,改变形变量),观察小车被弹开的情况。②、分别用两根弹簧在被压缩量相同时释放(形变量相同,劲度系数不同),观察小车被弹开的情况。交流探究结果:弹性势能随弹簧形变量增大而增大。随弹簧的劲度系数的增大而增大。
①②③分析题干中,我们生命的意义不在于长短,而在于对社会的贡献,将个体生 命和国家的甚至人类的命运联系在一起时,生命就会闪耀出伟大,活出自己的精彩,让 生命更加绚烂,故①②③说法符合题意;④“追求生命个性和韧性”说法不符合主题故 ④说法错误;2.C【设计意图】该题考查呵护食品安全,珍爱生命。 ④说法虽然正确的,但是主体不符,不是市民的做法。故不能入选。 3.A【设计意图】本题考查对生命的传承。①②④材料中的话意在告诉我们,在人类生命的接续中,我们应该为自己的生命找 到一个位置,担当一份使命;在生命的传承关系中,我们应该正确认识和面对自己的生 命;我们每个人都不仅仅是在身体上接续祖先的生命,也在精神上不断继承和创造人类 的文明成果,故①②④说法正确;③生命属于我们每个人,生命的接续和发展与我们每 个人息息相关,故③说法错误。
作业 2:老师在与我们的交往中,扮演着组织者、倾听者、陪伴者的角色。作为学生,我 们要正确对待老师的表扬和批评。下列对此认识正确的是 ( )①老师的表扬意味着肯定、鼓励和期待②老师的表扬和批评能激励我们更好地学习和发展③老师的批评意味着关心、提醒和劝诫,可以帮助我们改进不足④对待老师的批评,我们要理解老师的良苦用心A.①②③ B.①③④ C.②③④ D.①②③④1.参考答案:D2.时间要求:2 分钟3.评价设计:本题学生错题的原因在于没有正确理解老师的批评和表扬。 4.作业分析与设计意图:本题考查如何正确看待老师的批评和表扬。(1) 老师的表扬意味着对我们的肯定、鼓励和期待;批评意味着老师对我们的关心、 提醒和劝诫,可以帮助我们改进不足,对待老师的批评,我们要理解老师的良苦用心。 (2) 老师的表扬和批评能激励我们更好地学习和发展,我们要正确地对待老师的表 扬和批评,被老师表扬不骄傲,受到批评也不气馁和抱怨,正视老师的教育,从而促 进良好师生关系的发展。
(1) 请结合所学知识,谈谈你对“幸福、幸运”的理解。【看法二】小李:“我最近和好朋友发生了矛盾,考试时他问我答案,我拒绝 了他,他很生气。拒绝给他答案,我这样做是不是做错了?我感觉我们两个 人已经渐行渐远了,我该怎么办?”(2) 面对小李的苦恼,你会如何开导、安慰他?【看法三】小王:“我身边很多同学都是通过送礼物、花钱请吃饭来巩固友情 的,要不我也模仿他们吧。”(3) 花钱请客吃饭能买到真正的友谊吗?请运用所学知识谈谈你的理解。12. (原创题)阅读材料,回答下列问题。七年级学生肖楠在交友遇到了很多困扰:困扰一:我发现好朋友小鹏愁眉苦脸,关心地上前询问原因,可小鹏怎么也 不肯说,还对我很不耐烦。困扰二:我和网友轻舞飞扬在网上认识一年多,很投缘,他想要我的照片, 想知道我的姓名、学校、家庭住址等信息,还想约我周末见面。
(一) 单元质量检测内容一、单项选择题1.2021 年实施的《中华人民共和国民法典》第 183 条规定:“因保护他人民事权益使自己受到损害的, 由侵权人承担民事责任, 受益人可以给予适当补偿。没有 侵权人、侵权人逃逸或者无力承担民事责任, 受害人请求补偿的, 受益人应当给予 适当补偿。”这样的规定,有助于( )①弘扬真善美的行为 ②培养人们的亲社会行为③依法维护见义勇为者的合法权益 ④使身处危难之中的人们得到及时救助 A.①② B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②③④ 2.宣城市宣州区疫情防控应急指挥部 7 月 26 日下午发布信息:7 月 26 日上午,一网友在名称为“宣城的士之声交流群”的微信聊天群中散布消息, 称宣城有一人 核酸检测呈阳性。经核查, 此为不实信息, 属于谣言, 公安机关已介入调查, 请广 大群众及时关注政府官方公告、信息, 以官方发布消息为准, 不造谣、不传谣、不 信谣。对此,网民应该( )①严厉打击制造、传播谣言的行为,让谣言止于智者②塑造批判性思维,对信息进行甄别,抵制不良信息③提高网络媒介素养,自觉践行社会主义核心价值观
中心城区面积从不足x平方公里,到如今突破xx.x平方公里;交通建设从没有一米高等级公路,到如今构建起“铁公机”立体网络;农民人均纯收入从不足xxx元,到xxxx年底农村居民人均可支配收入飙升至xxxxx元翻开xx建地xx年的壮美画卷,沧桑巨变的背后离不开人才的付出、离不开人才的奉献。xx年筚路蓝缕的奋斗史,就是一部集聚人才、依靠人才、成就人才的发展史。——这是人才总量大幅跃增的xx年。从xxxx年每万人拥有人才不足xx人,到xxxx年每万人拥有人才xxx人,再到xxxx年每万人拥有人才xxxx人,增长近xx倍。——这是人才质量飞速提升的xx年。截至xxxx年底,全市大学以上学历人才占比由不足x%提高至xx%、增长xx余倍,一大批优秀人才获国家级荣誉表彰。——这是人才生态显著改善的xx年。从人才专项经费几乎为零,到人才工作投入近亿元;从人才缺乏基本住居保障,到拎包入住式人才公寓突破xxxx套;从没有专门的人才服务机构,到市县(区)全覆盖成立人才服务中心近悦远来的人才生态不断优化。
发现问题:很多餐饮店尚未建立健全食品采购、储存、加工管理制度,在服务人员职业培训上不够多,没有将珍惜粮食、反对浪费纳入培训内容;没有对消费者进行防止食品浪费提示提醒,没有在醒目位置张贴或者摆放反食品浪费标识,或者由服务人员提示说明,引导消费者按需适量点餐;工作建议:建立健全食品采购、储存、加工管理制度,增强服务人员职业培训;提供婚宴服务的,摒弃传统的“套餐方案”,与消费者提前沟通,量身定制饭菜,从菜品到菜量都尽量精准;提供团体用餐服务的,应当将防止食品浪费理念纳入菜单设计,按照用餐人数合理配置菜品、主食;提供自助餐服务的,应当主动告知消费规则和防止食品浪费要求,提供不同规格餐具,提醒消费者适量取餐;不得诱导、误导消费者超量点餐。
(五)持续强化林产培育。2023年,全州林业总产值目标任务xxx亿元,前三季度完成林业总产值xxx.xx亿元,完成率xx%;全州录入投促系统的林业招商引资到位资金x.xx亿元。一是特色林业稳步发展。2023年,全州特色林业产业基地建设面积任务x.xx万亩,产量任务为x.xx万吨,产值任务为xx.xx亿元。前三季度完成特色林业基地建设面积x.xx万亩,产量x.xx万吨,产值为xx.xx亿元,面积年度目标任务完成率xx.xx%,产量年度目标任务完成率xx.xx%,产值年度目标任务完成率xx.xx%,预计到年度特色林业基地建设面积、产量、产值均能完成年度目标任务。二是林下经济初具规模。2023年,省下达我州利用林地发展林下经济面积达到xxx万亩、产值达到xx亿元。前三季度全州累计经营和利用林地发展林下经济面积xxx.xx万亩,产值xx.xx亿元,面积年度目标任务完成率xxx.xx%,产值年度目标任务完成率xx.xx%,预计到年底全州经营和林下经济利用面积、产值均能完成年度目标任务。
一、活动内容分析西欧从5世纪末至9世纪历经四个世纪完成了由奴隶制度向封建制度的转变,西欧中世纪即西欧的封建社会,形成了与中国封建社会不同的特点。理解这些特点,将有助于学生理解西欧在世界上最早进入资本主义社会的原因。尽管神学世界观笼罩了西方中世纪,是黑暗的,但是应看到,自古代流传下来的政治思想传统如平等、自由、民主、法制等思想史都以不同的形式保存下来。欧洲的中世纪表面上看起来是一个阴森森的一千年(五百年到一千五百年),但实际上确实孕育了西方近代文明的重要时期。从探究活动的内容上看与第二单元的古代希腊罗马的政治制度及第三单元近代西方资本主义政治制度的确立与发展明确相关,有承上启下的作用。二、活动重点设计理解西欧封建社会的政治特点及对后世的影响;正确认识基督教文明
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