课件出示:少年时指青年时期,从辛弃疾的生平看,这时的他正处于金人统治区内,看到沦陷区的人们在异族的奴役之下,作为血气方刚的爱国青年,油然而生收复失地的报国之志。因而这时的愁情也是真实存在的,那就是对沦陷区人民的同情,对国土沦丧的耻辱感,这时的愁,更多的是一种渴望收复中原、建立不世功业的志愿和动力,是昂扬而充满激情的。2.深入思考,体会“愁”的含蓄之美(1)比较少年时登楼与而今登楼的目的有何不同?预设:少年时登楼,是为了登高望远,抒发自己的豪情壮志。而今登楼,是为了排遣内心的悲愤之情。(2)是什么原因使词人“欲说还休”?预设:统治者处处排挤、打击他,他处处受猜忌,所以有愁不敢说。更主要的原因是,一生抱负付之流水,鬓发苍苍,功业无成,而又没有知音,无人理解。这种孤独的愁情,跟谁诉说,说了又有什么用,这中间也包含着对南宋朝廷的无限失望。因为这种失望,所以辛弃疾“欲说还休”。
二、初读,解读“早行”,感受意象的丰富1.寻读意象课件出示:诗人围绕“早行”一词,写了哪些典型特征的细节、景物?如何体现“早行”?学生自由诵读、思考交流。教师点拨:颔联十种景物的十个名词——鸡、声、茅、店、月、人、迹、板、桥、霜。一词一景,让我们获得广阔的想象空间,组成意韵丰富的画面。这就是古典诗歌的“意象叠加”法。预设:诗歌中处处体现“早行”,如“晨起动征铎”(清晨起床,车马铃声叮叮当当),“鸡声茅店月”(鸡鸣早看天),“人迹板桥霜”(莫道君行早,更有早行人),“枳花明驿墙”(“明”反衬“天暗”,说明“早”)。2.延读意象叠加的诗句课件出示:(1)枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家,古道西风瘦马。(马致远《天净沙·秋思》)(2)楼船夜雪瓜洲渡,铁马秋风大散关。(陆游《书愤》)(3)细草微风岸,危樯独夜舟。(杜甫《旅夜抒怀》)(4)桃李春风一杯酒,江湖夜雨十年灯。(黄庭坚《寄黄几复》)
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教学步骤、时间 教师活动 学生活动 媒体应用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.让同学们回答下列问题1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此时教师用汉语问:“在周末期间问你干了什么?这句话用英语这么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板书、学习)
所需要用到的句子:Who is that?That is Jack. I like him.Why do you like him?I like him because he is interesting.Task 4: 设计理想中的人类Step one: 设计理想中的人类的外貌。把全班同学分成若干小组,学生可以边说边在纸上画出他们的模样。Step two: 设计理想中人类的性格。学生们可以把那些能描述性格的单词写在图画的旁边。Step three: 每组选出一名同学,其他同组同学提问,他作简单回答,并说明原因。所需用到的句子:What does he or she look like?He or she ...What is he or she like?He or she is ...Why?Because ...Task 5: 挑战性活动调查性格是天生的还是后天形成的,让每个同学回家去调查一下自己成长过程中性格是否有变化,具体是怎样的,为什么会这样? Teaching Aims:1. Enable students to have a general understanding of how to talk about people's physical appearance.2. Enable students to tackle some essential vocabularies and patterns about describing people. Provide them with necessary skills and methods.3. Create various chances for students to describe the persons they're familiar with, such as classmates, family members, teachers, idols, etc.
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
Don’t fight. =You can’t fight. (板书,教读)教师把这些句子板书在黑板上,并请学生大声整齐地读祈使句和“can’t”句型,并让学生注意两种句型表达形式的不同和转换,“Don’t …=You can’t…”;并对学生说:These are our school rules. (板书,教读) You can’t break the school rules. Don’t break the school rules.(板书,教读)步骤3 :Practicea. T: Now, each of the students is breaking one of these rules.Please finish 1a.学生看图,完成1a的内容,检查答案并大声朗读校规。b. 听录音,完成1b,选出四位学生都违反了哪条校规;听之前,学生要读会英文名。c. 请两位学生朗读1c部分的句型;要求学生两人一组对话表演,SA扮演外校转来新生,SB告知本校校规。(学生可经过讨论,多说出他们想到的校规,不必只限于书上;教师应给予帮助)2) 第二课时(2a~4)步骤1 :warming up of revisionT: What are the rules at your school?学生使用“can”或祈使句表达各条校规;其中老师可引出“eat in the cafeteria outside”的表达。步骤2 :Practicea.T: Christina is an exchange student. She doesn’t know the rules. Let’s listen, what activities they’re talking about?学生听第一遍时,完成2a;第二遍时,完成2b;b. 请学生领读2c部分,看着2a完成的表格,理解2c活动的要求;分成小组针对2a进行问答;
教学过程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”
三、教学建议第一课时:1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
1 Each group choose one place to describe and what you are doing in it Choose one place, and describe what they are doing 2 Move around the room and give suggestions Talk about it and write it down 3 Ask one to show their works and act it Choose one of each group to make a report 4 Evaluate the best group and the best reporter Choose the best one Homework Ask your friends their ideal place and write about it教学反思:新课程标准中强调学生在课堂中的主体地位,在综合课中他们的主体地位就更加突出。在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。同时让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。教案点评:采用任务型教学模式,在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。
2.1Match the country with the language.Step II Reading3a? let the students read the letter fast and answer the questions.? Let the students ask more questions about the letter as possible as the can.Step III Writing3b.Step IV. Pairwork2cStep V Listening2a, 2bStep V. HomeworkExercises book(1) P3Exercises book (2) P3Period FourStep I . Dictate the words and sentences in Unit1.Step II. Self-checkStep III. Check the answers for Exercises book in the unit.Step IV. Home workRevise and preparation for unit 2.教学反思:通过本单元的学习,学生基本可以谈论人们的国籍,居住城市及其所说的语言,通过书信方式去介绍自己并寻找笔友。但在涉及到国外的一些城市时,学生对这方面的知识相对欠缺,能介绍的城市并不多,也反应出学生课前预习不充分,这跟学生学习条件也有关,大多数学生无法通过网络获取所需信息。因此,在以后的教学中要多指导学生通过计算机网络获取信息,拓宽知识面。
五、教学Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.说明:这一步旨在让学生运用已有的语言知识谈论对事物的看法和意见,并简单阐明理由,培养学生的主动思维能力和运用英语的能力。六、教学拓展调查电视节目的收视率任务:调查你周围的人对现在各种电视节目的反响。活动过程:1.教师布置任务,让学生调查周围的人(包括他的亲戚朋友和邻居)喜欢收看哪方面的电视节目。2.学生进行调查活动,运用本单元所学的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.记录下排在前10位的TV Program,填写调查表,比较其收视率。
句型: Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.Did she go to Central Park?Yes,she did.No, she didn’t语法:一般过去时特殊疑问句、一般疑问句及肯、否定回答。课时安排4课时第一课时:Section A:la,1b,lc,2a,2b,2c 第二课时:Section A:3a,3b,4第三课时:Section B:1,2a,2b,2c第四课时:Section B:3a,3b,3c,4 and Self Check第一课时教学目标掌握描写假期生活的形容词。假期里自己所做事情的简单表达。谈论假期做的事情及当时情况。谈论假期时旅游的天气,旅游者以及食物等。教学过程一、导入播放一首英文歌曲:Let’s travel 说明:通过让学生听节奏欢快迪斯尼英语歌曲Let’s travel.引入本节课谈论的话题vacation and travel. 让歌曲使学生的思维活跃,增强课堂气氛,激发学生提高学习英语的兴趣。T:How is the trip ?Ss : It’s pretty good/ happy/exciting /relaxing/busy/dangerous/ fantastic说明:这个问题是为了操练形容词。建议让多个Ss作答。鼓励他们用不同的形容词。上述个别形容词本应在第二课时中出现,但可以在warming-up中第一次非正式出现。这些形容词也可在老师的评价语中适时出现,以加深学生对词汇的印象。
单元整体说明(一)单元教材分析本单元的核心话题是描述动物和表达个人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。这也是本单元的教学重点。通过本单元的学习,学生应能较流利地运用所学词汇和句型描述动物,表达个人喜好。(二)单元知识结构1.词汇动物名称 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.词汇描述性形容词: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.国家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)单元整体目标1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)单元教学重难点一览(五)单元学情分析学生此前已经学过由why, where, what 引导的特殊疑问句句型,具有了学习本单元知识的认知前提。形形色色的动物能激发学生的好奇心,产生了解它们的欲望,这有利于本单元知识的教学和学生学习兴趣的培养。
方法总结:本题结合三角形内角和定理考查反证法,解此题关键要懂得反证法的意义及步骤.反证法的步骤是:(1)假设结论不成立;(2)从假设出发推出矛盾;(3)假设不成立,则结论成立.在假设结论不成立时要注意考虑结论的反面所有可能的情况.如果只有一种,那么否定一种就可以了,如果有多种情况,则必须一一否定.三、板书设计1.等腰三角形的判定定理:有两个角相等的三角形是等腰三角形(等角对等边).2.反证法(1)假设结论不成立;(2)从假设出发推出矛盾;(3)假设不成立,则结论成立.解决几何证明题时,应结合图形,联想我们已学过的定义、公理、定理等知识,寻找结论成立所需要的条件.要特别注意的是,不要遗漏题目中的已知条件.解题时学会分析,可以采用执果索因(从结论出发,探寻结论成立所需的条件)的方法.
【类型三】 分式方程无解,求字母的值若关于x的分式方程2x-2+mxx2-4=3x+2无解,求m的值.解析:先把分式方程化为整式方程,再分两种情况讨论求解:一元一次方程无解与分式方程有增根.解:方程两边都乘以(x+2)(x-2),得2(x+2)+mx=3(x-2),即(m-1)x=-10.①当m-1=0时,此方程无解,此时m=1;②方程有增根,则x=2或x=-2,当x=2时,代入(m-1)x=-10得(m-1)×2=-10,m=-4;当x=-2时,代入(m-1)x=-10得(m-1)×(-2)=-10,解得m=6,∴m的值是1,-4或6.方法总结:分式方程无解与分式方程有增根所表达的意义是不一样的.分式方程有增根仅仅针对使最简公分母为0的数,分式方程无解不但包括使最简公分母为0的数,而且还包括分式方程化为整式方程后,使整式方程无解的数.三、板书设计1.分式方程的解法方程两边同乘以最简公分母,化为整式方程求解,再检验.2.分式方程的增根(1)解分式方程为什么会产生增根;(2)分式方程检验的方法.
把解集在数轴上表示出来,并将解集中的整数解写出来.解析:分别计算出两个不等式的解集,再根据大小小大中间找确定不等式组的解集,再找出解集范围内的整数即可.解:x+23<1 ①,2(1-x)≤5 ②,由①得x<1,由②得x≥-32,∴不等式组的解集为-32≤x<1.则不等式组的整数解为-1,0.方法总结:此题主要考查了一元一次不等式组的解法,解决此类问题的关键在于正确解得不等式组或不等式的解集,然后再根据题目中对于解集的限制得到下一步所需要的条件,再根据得到的条件进而求得不等式组的整数解.三、板书设计一元一次不等式组概念解法不等式组的解集利用数轴确定解集利用口诀确定解集解一元一次不等式组是建立在解一元一次不等式的基础之上.解不等式组时,先解每一个不等式,再确定各个不等式组的解集的公共部分.
证明:过点A作AF∥DE,交BC于点F.∵AE=AD,∴∠E=∠ADE.∵AF∥DE,∴∠E=∠BAF,∠FAC=∠ADE.∴∠BAF=∠FAC.又∵AB=AC,∴AF⊥BC.∵AF∥DE,∴DE⊥BC.方法总结:利用等腰三角形“三线合一”得出结论时,先必须已知一个条件,这个条件可以是等腰三角形底边上的高,可以是底边上的中线,也可以是顶角的平分线.解题时,一般要用到其中的两条线互相重合.三、板书设计1.全等三角形的判定和性质2.等腰三角形的性质:等边对等角3.三线合一:在等腰三角形的底边上的高、中线、顶角的平分线中,只要知道其中一个条件,就能得出另外的两个结论.本节课由于采用了动手操作以及讨论交流等教学方法,有效地增强了学生的感性认识,提高了学生对新知识的理解与感悟,因而本节课的教学效果较好,学生对所学的新知识掌握较好,达到了教学的目的.不足之处是少数学生对等腰三角形的“三线合一”性质理解不透彻,还需要在今后的教学和作业中进一步巩固和提高
∵∠DAE=∠DAF,∠AED=∠AFD,AD=AD,∴△ADE≌△ADF,∴AE=AF,DE=DF,∴直线AD垂直平分线段EF.方法总结:当一条直线上有两点都在同一线段的垂直平分线上时,这条直线就是该线段的垂直平分线,解题时常需利用此性质进行线段相等关系的转化.三、板书设计1.线段的垂直平分线的性质定理线段垂直平分线上的点到这条线段两个端点的距离相等.2.线段的垂直平分线的判定定理到一条线段两个端点距离相等的点,在这条线段的垂直平分线上.本节课由于采用了直观操作以及讨论交流等教学方法,从而有效地增强了学生的感性认识,提高了学生对新知识的理解与感悟,因此本节课的教学效果较好,学生对所学的新知识掌握较好,达到了教学的目的.不足之处是少数学生对线段垂直平分线性质定理的逆定理理解不透彻,还需在今后的教学和作业中进一步进行巩固和提高.
方法总结:已知解集求字母系数的值,通常是先解含有字母的不等式,再利用解集唯一性列方程求字母的值.解题过程体现了方程思想.三、板书设计1.一元一次不等式的概念2.解一元一次不等式的基本步骤:(1)去分母;(2)去括号;(3)移项;(4)合并同类项;(5)两边都除以未知数的系数.本节课通过类比一元一次方程的解法得到一元一次不等式的解法,让学生感受到解一元一次不等式与解一元一次方程只是在两边都除以未知数的系数这一步时有所不同.如果这个系数是正数,不等号的方向不变;如果这个系数是负数,不等号的方向改变.这也是这节课学生容易出错的地方.教学时要大胆放手,不要怕学生出错,通过学生犯的错误引起学生注意,理解产生错误的原因,以便在以后的学习中避免出错.
2.内容内在逻辑本单元为八年级下册第二单元内容。本单元由导语、第三课和第四课组成、第三课“公民权利”设有两课,分别是“公民基本权利”和“依法行使权利”、第四课“公民义务”设有两框,分别是“公民基本义务”和“依法履行义务”。单元导语首先明确中学生在国家中具有公民身份,是国家的主人,依法享受公民权利并承担公民义务。指明公民基本权利和义务是宪法的核心内容,从而激发学生学习公民基本权利和义务具体内容的兴趣。引导学生进一步探究如何依法行使公民权利、如何依法履行公民义务,思考依法行使公民权利、履行义务对个人、家庭、社会及国家的重要意义。引言指明了公民权利对于我们参与社会生活、实现人生幸福的意义,意在引发学生对公民权利在个人成长、社会进步与国家发展方面所具有的价值的初步思考,启发学生思考如何依法行使和维护自身享有的公民权利,进而导入新课。
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