(1)社会实践是文化创新的源泉实践,作为人们改造客观世界的活动,是一种有目的、有意识的社会性活动。人类在改造自然和社会的实践中,创造出自己特有的文化。离开了社会实践;文化就会成为无源之水、无本之木,人们不可能从事任何有价值的文化创造。◇本课小结:1.关于本课逻辑结构的宏观把握:文化创新的源泉和作用这一问题,教材分三个层次展开论证:一是不尽的源泉,不竭的动力;二是巨大的作用,深刻的意义;三是呼唤文化创新的时代。教材运用辩证方法从文化创新的源泉和作用展开论述。即社会实践是文化创新的源泉,文化创新又推动社会实践的发展和促进民族文化的繁荣。教材关于文化创新的途径问题,从三个层次展开讲述:第一个层次是“继承传统,推陈出新”;第二个层次是“面向世界,博采众长”;第三个层次是“坚持正确方向,克服错误倾向”。三个层次三个角度,着重于分析每一个层次,然后予以归纳总结,即采用了分析归纳法,层次清晰,教学目标明确,既便于传授知识,又便于学生学习时识记、理解和把握。
一、教材分析在文化传承的过程中,如果说文化传播是文化横向积累过程,那么文化继承就是文化纵向积累的过程,第四课围绕文化继承与文化发展的关系,继续讲述文化传承的过程。本框内容主要解析中华传统文化在现实生活中的作用,阐述继承传统文化,发挥传统文化的积极作用的正确态度是“取其精华,去其糟粕”。一、 教学目标1、知识目标通过介绍传统习俗、传统建筑、传统文艺、传统思想在现代社会生活各方面的延续及其影响,让学生了解文化的继承性。分析传统文化的相对稳定性和鲜明的民族性,解析中华民族传统文化在现实生活中的作用,知道符合社会发展规律的传统文化对社会与人的发展的积极作用,而一成不变的传统文化则会起阻碍社会进步、妨害发展的消极作用。明确一个民族、一个国家只有发挥传统文化的积极作用,克服传统文化的消极作用,才能兴旺发达的道理;阐述继承传统文化,发挥传统文化的积极作用的正确态度是“取其精华,去其糟粕”。
一、教材分析这一课对学生来说还是有点难度的,比较抽象,和同学们的生活离得比较远。这一课也是第四单元的点睛一课,重点。可以列举当前我国社会主义精神文明建设的事例,说明必须坚持马克思主义的指导地位,用“三个代表”重要思想统领社会主义文化建设;理解发展先进文化,就是发展面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的,民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化。例如,“五个一工程”等奖项;“希望工程”等活动。让学生来理解我国社会主义文化的发展。二、教学目标(一)知识目标(1)当代中国先进文化的科学内涵及文化建设的指导思想理解:(2)社会主义核心价值体系的地位、内容及要求,(3)坚持马克思主义指导地位的必要性和重要性(4)引领中国先进文化前进方向的永不退色的旗帜分析:运用相关知识,,说明必须用“三个代表”重要思想统领社会主义文化建设
一、教材分析本节内容主要讲述了社会实践在文化创新中的作用和意义,明确了社会实践是文化创新的源泉,也是文化创新的动力,文化创新的作用,既表现为不断推动社会实践的发展,又表现为不断促进民族文化的繁荣。我们要从中体会社会实践的重要性和意义。二、教学目标(一)知识目标(1) 理解文化发展的实质在于创新;理解社会实践是文化创新的源泉(2) 理解文化创新的作用;理解人民群众是社会实践的主体、文化创新的主体。(二)能力目标培养学生列举实例说明社会实践在 文化创新中的作用。情感、态度价值观目标:帮助学生充分认识建 设社会主义先进文化的意义,增强民族文化的自豪感。 (三)情感、态度与价值观目标情感、态度及价值观目标:通过学习本课题内容,初步理解文化创新的、意义、作用,做一个有“文化”的人,认识到文化创新的重要性。深刻理解建。
(一)预习检查、总结疑惑检查落实学生的预习情况并了解学生的疑惑,使教学具有针对性。(二)情境导入、展示目标中华文化源远流长,博大精深,它是中华民族屹立于世界民族之林的力量源泉。而中华文化的力量,又集中表现为 民族精神的力量。下面,让我们通过视频资料来感受一下。请同学看视频资料:神舟五号载人飞船是“神舟”号系列飞船之一,是中国首次发射的载人航天飞行器,于2003年10月15日将航天员杨利伟送入太空。这次的成功发射标志着中国成为继前苏联(现由俄罗斯承继)和美国之后,第三个有能力独自将人送上太空的国家。(学生讨论)看了这段视频资料之后,同学们有什么感受?(学生发言略)(教师总结)看了这段视频资料之后,我们每个中国人都会感到热血沸腾,激动不已,一方面是因为中国很伟大,我是中国人,我感到骄傲和自豪;别一方面,也为片中主人公身上所具有的精神所折服。
一、课程标准:1.2比较单一制与联邦制的区别,理解国家形式既包括政权组织形式,又包括国家结构形式。 二、新课教学:现代国家的结构形式(一)、民族与国家1、民族与国家结构形式的关系(1)、国家结构形式①含义:如果说国家管理形式主要是指国家的立法、行政和司法机关之问的相互关系,那么,国家结构形式就是指国家的整体与部分、中央与地方之间的相互关系。补充:国家政权组制形式即政体与国家结构形式同属国家形式,但是两者有严格的区别:前者是指政权如何组织,后者是指中央与地方之间的相互关系。②民族是影响国家结构形式的因素之一影响国家结构形式的因素有很多,民族就是其中之一。(2)、民族①含义:民族是人类历史上形成的有共同语言、共同地域、共同经济生活、共同心理素质的稳定的共同体。补充:民族是一种社会历史现象,有其产生、发展和灭亡的过程。
一、教材分析作为世界观,辩证法昭示我们,世界是一个永不停息地运动、变化和发展的世界;作为一种思维方法,辩证法要求我们以批判精神和创新意识对待周围的世界。把握唯物辩证法的革命批判精神和辩证否定观的基本内涵,有助于我们自觉树立创新意识,有助于我们坚持解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进。二、教学目标1、知识目标:熟记:创新的社会作用;理解:创新的社会作用从几个角度分析的,如何分析的。2、能力目标:学会用创新的知识分析和认识事物的能力;通过学习辨证法的革命批判精神,使学生初步形成批判性思维,初步具 有在认识世界和改造世界的活动中逐步培养和形成自己的革命批判精神的能力和创新能力。3、情感态度和价值观目标:使学生坚信创新是唯物辨证法的根本要求,创新意识的哲学基础是唯物辨证法的否定观和唯物辨证法的革命批判精神
一、教材分析 《认识运动 把握规律》是人教版高中政治必修四第4章第2框的教学内容,主要学习运动和规律二、教学目标1.知识目标:运动的含义、相对静止的含义、规律的含义、物质和运动的辨证关系、运动和静止的辨证关系2.能力目标: 锻炼学生理论联系实际的能力,培养学生正确认识世界本质,并能够自觉按照客观规律办事的能力3.情感、态度和价值观目标:通过学习运动和静止的辨证关系,使学生懂得辨证唯物主义在承认运动绝对性的同时还承认相对静止的重要作用,从而承认世界是可知的,在生活、学习和工作中增强认识世界和改造世界的勇气和信心,反对离开相对静止谈运动,避免形而上学的相对主义和诡辩论的错误三、教学重点难点规律的客观性四、学情分析本框题的内容比较抽象,不易理解,所以讲解时需要详细。教师指导学生借助生活中的一些常识来学习本课内容
四、学情分析本课的概念、原理很抽象,学生的认知能力及社会经验有限,应注意从以下几个方面加以引导。1.澄清概念。本课涉及多个历史唯物主义的基本概念,如社会存在、社会意识、生产方式、生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑、革命、改革等。学生要准确深刻地掌握所学知识,首先就要对这些概念的内涵有比较明确的理解,因此,澄清概念既是学习本课的重要任务,也是学习本课的重要方法。2.观察生活。在学习社会存在与社会意识的辩证关系原理时,学生可以从观察自己身边的生活入手,看看自己身边各种意识现象背后的物质原因是什么。比如,民间流传的神话、人们信仰的宗教、社会价值观的变化等现象背后的物质原因是什么?同时,看看这些意识现象对人们行为和社会发展又有哪些能动的影响。
一、教材分析《哲学史上的伟大变革》是人教版高中政治必修四第3课第2框的教学内容。二、教学目标1.知识目标:马克思主义哲学产生的阶级基础、自然科学基础和理论来源马克思主义哲学的基本特征马克思主义中国化的重大理论成果2.能力目标:通过对马克思主义哲学的产生和基本特征的学习,培养学生鉴别理论是非的能力,进而运用马克思主义哲学的基本观点分析和解决生活实践中的问题。3.情感、态度和价值观目标:实践的观点是马克思主义哲学的首要和基本的观点,培养学生在实践中分析问题和解决问题的能力,进而培养学生在实践活动中的科学探索精神和革命批判精神。三、教学重点难点重点:马克思主义哲学的基本特征;马克思主义中国化的重大理论成果
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时,以及by、before后面接过去的时间时,主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中,条件句表示与过去事实相反,且主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示,我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话,我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会,你就会见到他的。
5、请列举开源的措施。(包括合理开发和提取地下水;修筑水库;开渠引水实行跨流域调水;海水淡化;人工增雨等。6、开源“五水”歌:开发地下水、蓄积洪水,跨流域调水,淡水海水,人增雨水。能马上背出来吗?7、请列举节流的措施。(包括加强宣传教育,提高公民节水意识;重视改进农业灌溉技术,提高工业用水的重复利用率等。)8、水资源时刻影响着我们的生存和发展,尽管我们已经学习了关于如何合理利用水资源的知识,但关键还是要研究问题和解决问题,面对复杂的生活环境,具体问题要具体分析,看课本70页“活动”,请小组派代表回答问题。提示:(1)西北地区的水资源供给,从可持续发展的角度,解决水资源的供求矛盾应体现在:控制人口数量,减少用水规模;发展节水农业;保护生态环境,退耕还林还草。(2)我国缺水问题,谈谈看法:通过电视、报纸杂志、互联网收集有关水资源的资料;确定综合思维、立体思维的方法,全面多角度地寻找解决缺水的对策。
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