师:是呀。早在19世纪,英国学者赫胥黎就注意到恐龙和鸟类在骨骼结构上有许多相似之处。在研究了大量恐龙与鸟类化石之后,科学家们提出,鸟类不仅和恐龙有亲缘关系,而且很可能就是一种小型恐龙的后裔。但相关化石一直没有找到。直到20世纪末期生:在课文中找出相关段落齐读。师:(投影出示再读)你读懂了什么?生:我知道了化石是首次发现,是在辽西发现……(学生交流)师:欣喜若狂,是什么意思?生:高兴到了极点,就要发狂了。师:研究者们为什么会如此地高兴?(设计意图:由点带面,通过重点词语的理解,感受科学家的艰辛与执着。)
师:少了这两个词行不行?(不行。)为什么?生:转眼间写出了颜色变化的速度快,慢慢是指红霞扩散的速度慢。所以不能少了这两个词。师:既然颜色的变化是有快有慢,那我们在朗读的时候,速度也应该是——(有变化的 )。谁能带着你的感受来读一读。男生读。(你的朗读,让我们感受到了天空中色彩的瞬息万变。)女生读。(你甜美的朗读让我们感受到了红霞在天空慢慢晕地扩散。)齐读,透过文字,你能想象到什么样的画面?生:那浅蓝的天空和慢慢扩散的红霞让我感到这时的天空就好像是一幅美丽的水墨画。师:到底是学画画的孩子,有丰富的想象力。作者抓住了天空中颜色和光的变化,让我们感受到了海上日出是——生:伟大的奇观。(板书:颜色 光亮 变幻)看到天空中色彩的变幻以及那越来越亮的光,我知道——生:太阳要从天边升起来了,便不转眼地望着那里。透过“不转眼”你能体会到什么?(作者期待、盼望的心情。 生怕错过日出的每一个时刻。)是啊,此时,我们和作者的心情是一样的。
一.说教材 1.教材所处的地位《庆祝奥林匹克运动复兴25周年》是人教版部编初中语文教材八年级下册第四单元“思想光芒”中的一篇经典演讲词。它是同学们接触过《 最后一次讲演》《应有格物致知精神》《我一生中的重要抉择》,初步了解、掌握关于演讲的一些技巧之后,再次让学生倾听那些穿越时空的声音,感受演讲精品的魅力,并总结、借鉴典范演讲的经验,在历练中提高演说才能。因为在现代社会中,良好的口语交际能力是公民的重要素养之一,它不但显示着一个人的语言水平,更体现着一个人的自信、智慧、教养与风度。2.教材分析 《庆祝奥林匹克运动复兴25周年》是顾拜旦于1919年4月在瑞士洛桑庆祝奥林匹克运动恢复25周年纪念会上的演说,是关于奥林匹克运动的重要文献。顾拜旦用诗歌般的语言阐述了奥林匹克精神的内涵与价值;以饱含喜悦的神情引领听众去联想奥林匹克精神无限美好的前景。这篇演说词和他的诗歌《体育颂》一起成为世界文化史和体育史上不朽的篇章。
一、 说教材《阿西莫夫短文两篇》是全日制普通高级中学教课书人教版八年级上册第2单元的第2篇课文。本册书说明文阅读共两个单元,可以说重在培养学生对说明文的阅读、理解、分析的能力和注重观察、讲究实证的科学态度以及求真创新的科学精神。本单元的学习重点是:整体感知,注意说明的顺序和方法;提高默读的速度;能按照要求筛选信息。《阿西莫夫短文两篇》是一篇典型的科普说明文,两篇短文《恐龙无处不在》和《被压扁的沙子》都有关于恐龙,但是说明的对象又有所不同,又结合班级情况和单元重点。在重难点上不必面面俱到,只是重在培养他们阅读说明文的能量从而积累知识。二、说教法说明文是相当枯燥了,因此必须抓住某一方面来提起学生的兴趣。所以在教学上必须让学生自己找到感兴趣的问题加以提炼。故,在教法上我多用默读,让学生自己读懂文章,在相对有难度地方采用自主、合作、探 究的方法,使学生在掌握知识的同时,培养其阅读说明文的能力。
指导思想:《应有格物致知精神》是义务教育课程标准实验教科书九年级上册第四单元第二课,本单元编排的课文全是议论文,除了让学生掌握议论文的一些常识,培养阅读议论文的兴趣外,更要明白教材目标。“格物致知”是一篇漫谈式议论文,除让学生掌握基本知识和技能外,更重要的是让学生热爱科学、勤于探索、勇于创新,培养学生有服务人类,回报于社会的高尚品格,树立正确的人生观念。本文是丁肇中在1991年10月,在北京人民大会堂举行的“情系中华”大会上演讲的一篇演说词的一部分,是一篇漫谈式的议论文。作者针对中国学生的实际情况,结合传统的中国教育状况,分析了实验精神在科学上的重要性,并联系现实和自己的学习经验,提出论点:我们应该有真正的格物致知精神,即需要培养实验的精神,不管研究自然科学、人文科学还是在个人行动上,我们都要保留一个怀疑求真的态度,要靠实践来发现事物的真相。本文主要运用摆事实讲道理的论证方法,说理透彻,语言准确。
第一部分(第1~4段),提出关于6500万年前恐龙灭绝的问题,目前存在的两种对立的理论,即“撞击说”和“火山说”。第2和第3自然段先后举了两个例子提出了关于“撞击说”和“火山说”这两种观点。第二部分(第5段至全文完),通过对“被压扁的沙子”的反思,证明外星撞击导致恐龙灭绝,支持“撞击说”。这部分又分四层。第一层(第5、6段),说明关于恐龙灭绝的原因不仅仅是一个学术问题,我们以后也许还会遇到这种情况,因此,科学家们一直都在努力寻找证据来验证这两种理论。第二层(第7~10段),说明1961年一位苏联科学家发现了“斯石英”,并且介绍了它的性质,为下文佐证“撞击说”奠定了基础。第三层(第11~13段),说明斯石英不仅可以在实验室制造,而且它在自然界中是可以存在的,不过它们只出现在沙子被强烈挤压的地方。由此推断撞击是可以产生斯石英的。事实也证明,火山喷发是不会产生斯石英的,从而进一步佐证了“撞击说”。
2004年的雅典奥运会上,孔令辉获得冠军时忘情地亲吻胸前的国徽时,王军霞夺得金牌后激动的身披国旗绕运动场奔跑时,我们的泪水也会与领奖台上以手抚着胸前国徽高唱国歌的运动员的热泪一起落下。为了看体育比赛,我们甚至不惜守候到半夜而无怨无悔。在半夜看比赛时,我总在想:是什么让我们“为伊消得人憔悴”,为什么“总有一种力量让人泪流满面”。现在我有了答案:那是一种奥林匹克精神在激励着我们,在提升着我们。奥林匹克精神的内涵是丰富的。国际奥委会主席罗格在其就任宣言中指出:“奥林匹克的格言是更快、更高、更强。在新世纪来临的时候,或许对体育来讲需要新的格言,那就是更干净、更人性、更团结。” 奥林匹克精神让我们振奋,今天我们就来学习这篇课文《庆祝奥林匹克运动复兴25周年》。
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教学步骤、时间 教师活动 学生活动 媒体应用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.让同学们回答下列问题1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此时教师用汉语问:“在周末期间问你干了什么?这句话用英语这么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板书、学习)
所需要用到的句子:Who is that?That is Jack. I like him.Why do you like him?I like him because he is interesting.Task 4: 设计理想中的人类Step one: 设计理想中的人类的外貌。把全班同学分成若干小组,学生可以边说边在纸上画出他们的模样。Step two: 设计理想中人类的性格。学生们可以把那些能描述性格的单词写在图画的旁边。Step three: 每组选出一名同学,其他同组同学提问,他作简单回答,并说明原因。所需用到的句子:What does he or she look like?He or she ...What is he or she like?He or she is ...Why?Because ...Task 5: 挑战性活动调查性格是天生的还是后天形成的,让每个同学回家去调查一下自己成长过程中性格是否有变化,具体是怎样的,为什么会这样? Teaching Aims:1. Enable students to have a general understanding of how to talk about people's physical appearance.2. Enable students to tackle some essential vocabularies and patterns about describing people. Provide them with necessary skills and methods.3. Create various chances for students to describe the persons they're familiar with, such as classmates, family members, teachers, idols, etc.
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
Don’t fight. =You can’t fight. (板书,教读)教师把这些句子板书在黑板上,并请学生大声整齐地读祈使句和“can’t”句型,并让学生注意两种句型表达形式的不同和转换,“Don’t …=You can’t…”;并对学生说:These are our school rules. (板书,教读) You can’t break the school rules. Don’t break the school rules.(板书,教读)步骤3 :Practicea. T: Now, each of the students is breaking one of these rules.Please finish 1a.学生看图,完成1a的内容,检查答案并大声朗读校规。b. 听录音,完成1b,选出四位学生都违反了哪条校规;听之前,学生要读会英文名。c. 请两位学生朗读1c部分的句型;要求学生两人一组对话表演,SA扮演外校转来新生,SB告知本校校规。(学生可经过讨论,多说出他们想到的校规,不必只限于书上;教师应给予帮助)2) 第二课时(2a~4)步骤1 :warming up of revisionT: What are the rules at your school?学生使用“can”或祈使句表达各条校规;其中老师可引出“eat in the cafeteria outside”的表达。步骤2 :Practicea.T: Christina is an exchange student. She doesn’t know the rules. Let’s listen, what activities they’re talking about?学生听第一遍时,完成2a;第二遍时,完成2b;b. 请学生领读2c部分,看着2a完成的表格,理解2c活动的要求;分成小组针对2a进行问答;
教学过程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”
三、教学建议第一课时:1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
1 Each group choose one place to describe and what you are doing in it Choose one place, and describe what they are doing 2 Move around the room and give suggestions Talk about it and write it down 3 Ask one to show their works and act it Choose one of each group to make a report 4 Evaluate the best group and the best reporter Choose the best one Homework Ask your friends their ideal place and write about it教学反思:新课程标准中强调学生在课堂中的主体地位,在综合课中他们的主体地位就更加突出。在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。同时让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。教案点评:采用任务型教学模式,在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。
2.1Match the country with the language.Step II Reading3a? let the students read the letter fast and answer the questions.? Let the students ask more questions about the letter as possible as the can.Step III Writing3b.Step IV. Pairwork2cStep V Listening2a, 2bStep V. HomeworkExercises book(1) P3Exercises book (2) P3Period FourStep I . Dictate the words and sentences in Unit1.Step II. Self-checkStep III. Check the answers for Exercises book in the unit.Step IV. Home workRevise and preparation for unit 2.教学反思:通过本单元的学习,学生基本可以谈论人们的国籍,居住城市及其所说的语言,通过书信方式去介绍自己并寻找笔友。但在涉及到国外的一些城市时,学生对这方面的知识相对欠缺,能介绍的城市并不多,也反应出学生课前预习不充分,这跟学生学习条件也有关,大多数学生无法通过网络获取所需信息。因此,在以后的教学中要多指导学生通过计算机网络获取信息,拓宽知识面。
五、教学Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.说明:这一步旨在让学生运用已有的语言知识谈论对事物的看法和意见,并简单阐明理由,培养学生的主动思维能力和运用英语的能力。六、教学拓展调查电视节目的收视率任务:调查你周围的人对现在各种电视节目的反响。活动过程:1.教师布置任务,让学生调查周围的人(包括他的亲戚朋友和邻居)喜欢收看哪方面的电视节目。2.学生进行调查活动,运用本单元所学的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.记录下排在前10位的TV Program,填写调查表,比较其收视率。
句型: Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.Did she go to Central Park?Yes,she did.No, she didn’t语法:一般过去时特殊疑问句、一般疑问句及肯、否定回答。课时安排4课时第一课时:Section A:la,1b,lc,2a,2b,2c 第二课时:Section A:3a,3b,4第三课时:Section B:1,2a,2b,2c第四课时:Section B:3a,3b,3c,4 and Self Check第一课时教学目标掌握描写假期生活的形容词。假期里自己所做事情的简单表达。谈论假期做的事情及当时情况。谈论假期时旅游的天气,旅游者以及食物等。教学过程一、导入播放一首英文歌曲:Let’s travel 说明:通过让学生听节奏欢快迪斯尼英语歌曲Let’s travel.引入本节课谈论的话题vacation and travel. 让歌曲使学生的思维活跃,增强课堂气氛,激发学生提高学习英语的兴趣。T:How is the trip ?Ss : It’s pretty good/ happy/exciting /relaxing/busy/dangerous/ fantastic说明:这个问题是为了操练形容词。建议让多个Ss作答。鼓励他们用不同的形容词。上述个别形容词本应在第二课时中出现,但可以在warming-up中第一次非正式出现。这些形容词也可在老师的评价语中适时出现,以加深学生对词汇的印象。
单元整体说明(一)单元教材分析本单元的核心话题是描述动物和表达个人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。这也是本单元的教学重点。通过本单元的学习,学生应能较流利地运用所学词汇和句型描述动物,表达个人喜好。(二)单元知识结构1.词汇动物名称 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.词汇描述性形容词: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.国家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)单元整体目标1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)单元教学重难点一览(五)单元学情分析学生此前已经学过由why, where, what 引导的特殊疑问句句型,具有了学习本单元知识的认知前提。形形色色的动物能激发学生的好奇心,产生了解它们的欲望,这有利于本单元知识的教学和学生学习兴趣的培养。
“Go for it”教材有一个比较明显的编排特点,那就是每单元由Section A , Section B 和 Self Check三大版快组成,同时每个版快又由a, b , c 三小部分构成,内容循序渐进,符合学生的认知规律,教材又图文并茂,既能吸引学生的注意力,又能激发学生的学习兴趣,每一小部分中的C部分又是pairwork,培养了学生的合作意识,每一小部分又有听力训练,培养了学生的听说能力。Section B中的3a, 3b 又能培养学生的读写能力,本单元的综合语言知识能力的运用,又能在此体现出来。本单元是新目标英语七年级下 Unit 5。主要围绕“What are you doing?”这一主题展开各种教学活动,并以这一主题引出现在进行时的一般疑问句,否定句以及特殊疑问句等语言功能。本单元旨在创造一个轻松、愉快的学习、交流环境,通过听、说、读、写来培养学生综合运用这些知识的能力。并让学生能在“做中学”(learning by doing),通过有限的课堂实践活动,注意观察别人的行动,能准确地用英语来表达。
三、说教法只有当教师既在思想上把学生当成真正的学习主体,又在课堂教学过程中始终把学生当做学习的主人,教学目标才能实现,教学效率和效益才可能提高。因此课堂上加强对学生学习策略的指导是非常重要的,要使课堂教学过程成为师生共同参与,相互作用与反馈,创造性地实现教学目标的过程。另外,结合本节课内容特点,我还确立了“任务型”教学模式,并配合情景教学来实现教学目标。四、说学法课程标准倡导:教学要着眼于学生的全面成长,促进学生认知、情感、态度与技能等方面的和谐发展,着眼于学生潜能的唤醒,开掘与提升,促进学生的自主发展;关注学生的生活世界和学生的独特需要的有机结合,促进学生有个性,有特色的发展,关注学生的终身学习的愿望和能力的形成,促进学生特性发展。因此我确定本节课学习策略是:1、积极调动学生参与的积极性,指导学生感知,体验参与和合作。2、通过阅读,获取信息,并能回答相关问题。3、善于发现总结或把知识归类,按一定语言规律加以运用。
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