The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时,以及by、before后面接过去的时间时,主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中,条件句表示与过去事实相反,且主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示,我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话,我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会,你就会见到他的。
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
(设计意图:给学生创设了一个愉快轻松的真情空间。这一环节给了学生大胆表达自己的感受,从各自不同的角度来感悟,培养了审美能力,使其积极性、自觉性、主动性得到了充分体现,活跃了课堂气氛,收到事半功倍的效果。至此,课堂推向高潮。最后,再次播放歌曲《小小羊儿要回家》,让孩子们把歌声带出教室,奔向属于他们的天地。五、教学说明各位老师、说话说:教学有法,但无定法,贵在得法。在本课教学设计中,我精心组织开放而有活力的课堂教学,尊重学生独特的情感与创造体验,始终贯穿“学生是学习和发展的主体”这一教育理念。采用多元化的教学手段,融音乐、表演为一体,发挥学生的创造能力,通过唱、听等丰富学生的情感体验,使学生的音乐审美素养得到全面提高,创设一个自由民主,宽松和谐,愉快互动的真情空间。突出学生活动、教师引导、共同探讨、总结求精的教学风格,使艺术课堂焕发勃勃生机。教学研究永无止境,我相信,没有最好,只有更好!
1、通过师生问好律动,端正坐姿,投入课堂。(利用自然的节奏律动形式集中学生注意,引导学生在有节奏的模仿动作中自然的进入音乐学习)2、听音乐,猜歌名。通过聆听有关草原歌曲并说出歌曲名称,练习低年级学生的聆听、听辨音乐的能力,提高了学习兴趣,同时引出美丽的大草原。3、认识草原:通过讨论、看图片让学生初步认识了解大草原及蒙古族,引出课题)。4、结合课本与课件图片,说说美丽的大草原上有些什么?讨论小结:蓝蓝的天-、白白的云-、青青草地、牛羊多、骏马奔驰、雄鹰飞、还有善良的蒙古人。(这一环节以学生为主体,采用了看图片,师生讨论的学习方式,让学生在积极主动的去认识了解草原,最后通过有节奏的朗读明确小结了讨论内容,引导学生更好的认识草原,感受草原的美丽,培养学生的节奏感)
在活动中只要不影响同伴,幼儿可以用各种动作,随着音乐旋律释放表演激情,而教师始终饱含热情,不断发现孩子的闪光点,并给予鼓励,让幼儿获得成功感。5、活动延伸:(1)与同伴手拉手一起随音乐跳圆圈舞。(2)邀请客人老师一起参与活动。这一环节的设计是将幼儿参与活动的积极性推向高潮,把自己对音乐的感受全部释放出来,再加上客人老师的参与使活动达到高潮,在烘托课堂气氛的基础上,达到了一个大家共同分享活动快乐的目的。6、听音乐走出活动室。六、感悟与反思:俗话说:"教无定法,贵在得法"一堂好的音乐欣赏课应该体现"教学生活化的"教育理念。我想,好的音乐欣赏应该是一种艺术享受,我会在以后的教学实践中,在新的教育理念的熏陶下,和孩子们一起探索,一起成长!本次活动有不当的地方,望各位老师给与批评指正,我的说课到此结束,谢谢!
在学生情绪高涨时,我又让他们观看舞蹈《我的家在日喀则》,并引导他们观察其中最典型的动作,学生在熟悉的音乐中,再次体会藏族人民的热情、奔放,感受他们对家乡的热爱,并学跳藏族舞,用身体的动作感受踢踏舞的风格,将课堂气氛推向高潮。4、歌唱家乡(情感升华)。我引导学生卓玛姐姐想知道我们的家乡在哪里?也想到我们的家乡看看,自然将学生的思绪拉回重庆,让他们想想我们的家乡有什么很有特点,很有代表性的美景、美食,帮卓玛姐姐设计“重庆一日游”线路,借助图片让学生领略到家乡的美丽,自豪感油然而生。这时再引导学生歌唱家乡、赞美家乡,德育也就自然渗透其中,再次将课堂气氛推向高潮。最后,孩子们唱着自己创编的《我的家在重庆》走出教室,去迎接来自四面八方的朋友,结束本课教学。
在学生热烈的讨论中,理解歌词,感悟新疆。并随机出示课件(课题 新疆是个好地方以及天山、伊犁河、吐鲁番、果子沟的图片)教师及时小结“在新疆这片美丽的土地上,大自然也创作出了它的杰作,用它那神奇的力量,为新疆人民开辟了一处圣地——天山。天山是新疆最大的一条山脉,峰顶白雪皑皑。它是新疆的象征。”在引领学生有感情的朗读歌词时,重点指导学生“乃”字要读轻声才好听。学生按节奏读第二段歌词,教师告诉提醒学生注意一字多音的地方要读正确,如“伊犁河”“果子沟的”等。再次,教师有感情地范唱。教师用语言调动学生的积极性,如“大家读的真有感情,我都忍不住要唱起来了,大家想听吗?如果你觉得老师唱的好听就请拍手为我伴奏吧!”“老师唱的好听吗?相信你们比老师唱的更好听,想不想跟我比一比啊?”
师介绍念白主要分京白和韵白:京白是经过艺术加工的北京方言,节奏鲜明,重点突出。韵白具有一种典雅而夸张的韵味,是对古代人物语言的艺术变形。(用《红灯记》中李奶奶的一句话:“你姓陈,我姓李,你爹他姓张!”示范用京白,韵白念后,带学生用京白学念两遍。)(五) 再听现代京剧片段《都有一颗红亮的心》1. 引导学生结合音乐欣赏,初步了解感受其唱腔特点。师:京剧主要两大唱腔(二黄原板与西皮流水),今天我们来了解下“西皮流水”唱腔的点:投影西皮流水是一种节奏紧凑;旋律起伏变化比较大;唱腔明朗、活泼、流畅;善于表现喜悦、激动、高昂的情绪唱腔。(六)课堂小结京剧是博大精深的,这节课仅仅给同学们起到了引导作用,希望这节课能成为我们热爱京剧的良好开端,让我们打开京剧大门,一起去真正揭开京剧神秘的面纱,做一个自豪的中国人。
A全曲分几段,你觉得一共有多少句?二段四句(二年级学生才刚开始接触乐理,先用简浅的段,句关系分析音乐,待四年级再介绍曲式结构)B比较13。125和13125老师:哪个更能够表达出儿童昂扬的精神风貌?学生:第一个教师:为什么呢?第一个和第二个的区别在于哪个地方?学生:点引出附点在音乐中起到的作用C比较教师以钢琴演奏抒情风格和进行曲风格的《共产儿童团歌》,哪个版本更激动教师:为什么进行曲风格的比较激动,两个版本的区别在于哪里?学生:快,慢教师:歌曲的风格除了考音符的形式(附点音符)表现以外,还有速度,速度可以该改变歌曲的风格。D换形式演唱以对答的形式演唱歌曲,加深印象(三)拓展最后,老师希望你们能够发挥自己的创意,为这首激动的《共产儿童团歌》加入动作或者是选择任意的乐器来配乐伴奏。
4、大胆尝试,用柔和优美的声音演唱歌曲。在熟悉节奏旋律后,解决了难点的基础上,学生对歌曲的学习已是轻松自如了。在此过程中,我采用多种形式让学生练习唱歌:齐唱、分组唱、分男女生唱、个别演唱等多种演唱形式,充分发挥学生的演唱才能。5、成立简易乐队。在唱好了歌的基础上,激发学生用一些简易乐器为歌曲伴奏,利用铃鼓、磁铃为歌曲伴奏。老师用铃鼓示范,磁铃主要用在打击长音处。学生分组练习用铃鼓和磁铃为歌曲伴奏。这样,既培养学生的节奏感,也使他们有一定的成就感。6、创编活动:美的旋律、美的歌词更需要美的舞姿。为了激发学生学舞的兴趣,老师随音乐表演一段,然后重点把傣族的几个基本动作给学生示范一次:孔雀鹤立、孔雀开屏、傣族舞语汇,鼓励学生三五个一组,互相启迪、创作,老师指导、观察,请一些创编的好的同学在前边来表演,音乐再次响起,让每一个学生都动起来,各尽其能、各得其乐、各有所获。整节课都让学生处于愉悦之中。
三、深入学习体验春之歌声——唱春天在新歌学唱环节,仍然以春天音乐会为主线,通过老师的导入“今天咱们就来学唱这次音乐会的主题歌《春天举行音乐会》,教师进行范唱,进而激发学好主题歌的愿望,再通过用“啦”模唱歌谱、有节奏的朗读歌词增强对歌曲的了解,音乐会节目的形式多样,除了它们四个音乐家独奏之外,还有合奏的地方,再提出滴答答答答︱沙沙0沙|沙沙?|轰隆隆隆隆|哗啦0啦|哗啦?|难点乐句中节奏的变化即十六分音符的用法,在学唱歌曲过程中,采用分角色接龙表演唱等形式,让学生在聆听中主动感受、体验歌曲的意境,并从歌曲的速度、力度等音乐要素出发,引导学生在参与表演中感受歌曲,感悟春雨的轻柔、春雷的有力,春水的热情、春笋的自豪应如何唱,重视学生思维的创造和发展过程,让学生明白怎样才能更好的表现歌曲,而不是单纯的停留在只是会唱歌曲的基础上,在此过程中进一步的培养了学生的音乐审美技能。四、创造表现,再现春之和谐。——颂春天
1、运用橡皮筋听音乐学生讨论并回答。《我爱米兰》曲调跳荡《飞来的花瓣》曲调平稳2、运用学生自带的钥匙链等能发出声音的第二次欣赏《我爱米兰》《飞来的花瓣》老师引导学生分析乐曲节奏的不同《我爱米兰》节奏紧密《飞来的花瓣》节奏宽松6、运用身体动作第三次次欣赏《我爱米兰》《飞来的花瓣》老师引导学生分析乐曲速度的不同《我爱米兰》速度稍快《飞来的花瓣》速度中速7、运用彩色纸第四次欣赏《我爱米兰》《飞来的花瓣》老师引导学生分析乐曲情绪的不同《我爱米兰》情绪明快《飞来的花瓣》情绪深情(五)拓展延伸这一环节主要是让学生积累课外的音乐知识,拓宽学生的文化视野,提高学生的人文素养。最后,请大家用自己的话说说对歌曲的理解?师生在《长大后我就成了你》的歌曲声中结束本课。六:板书设计:层次分明。对比清晰谢谢大家!我的说课到此结束,敬请各位评委老师多多给予指导。
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