This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.观察下列句子特点,总结共同点。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.
Paragraph 3. Jan decided to start an IT club to teach old people how to use computers and the Internet. Paragraph 4. Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Paragraph 5. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. Step 5: Critical thinking:(1)How do you arrange your time spent on study and the Internet? Is it reasonable? I usually surf the Internet using my mobile phone for only an hour after class, and it is reasonable for me.(2)What are your online activities? Are they safe? I chat with my friends, read news and play games. I never give away my private information so I think they are safe.Step 4: summary Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)______(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)_____(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) _________________(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)_____(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)___(she) company. She joined an online group (6)______ she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)_______(benefit). She was so inspired (8)____ she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)___ children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)______(great) improved by the Internet. Step 5 Homework:Review what we have learned and find out the key language points in the text.
⑦identity theft 身份盗窃⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 张贴尴尬照片 【话题句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在网上保持安全, 避免在网上的不良经历? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是专家, 但作为一个博主, 我已经学了好几年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或读到一些让你觉得不舒服的东西, 立即离开这个网站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 别告诉别人你的地址或电话号码。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上网并不是无礼的借口, 你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的目标。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 发挑衅帖子的人经常使用几个假名, 这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。
Step1:自主探究。1.(教材P52)Born(bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.2.(教材P52) Moved(move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”3.(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged(discourage).4.(教材P58)Encouraged(encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day.Step2:语法要点精析。用法1:过去分词作表语1).过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语,表示主语所处的状态Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor.汤姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys.终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。注意:1).过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态;而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。The library is now closed.(状态)图书馆现在关闭了。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.(动作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。2)感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态,常译作“感到……的”;现在分词多表示事物具有的特性,常译作“令人……的”。
This section focuses on "learning about experiencing music Online". This virtual choir is a new form of music performance. Members from all over the world don't need to love to come to a place. Instead, they use the new technology to model the various parts and wonderful virtual harmony group of music in the family. Students need to understand the main meaning of each paragraph. Finding topic sentences is an important way to understand the general idea of a paragraph. After the topic sentence, it is usually the detail sentence that supports and explains the topic sentence. Some paragraphs have obvious subject sentences, for example, the first sentence of the second paragraph is the subject sentence of the paragraph, and the following sentenceStudents need to pay attention to the topic sentences and key sentences, and then pay attention to how the sentences after the meaning explain, explain and support the topic sentences or key sentences before.1.Guide students to learn about experiencing music online2.Guide students to scan and circle the information in the text.3.Guide students to find the numbers and dates to fill in the timeline.4.Guide students to learn more about music by completing the sentences with the correct forms of the words and phrases. And then make a mind map about the outline of the passage.1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the main meaning of each paragraph and understand the narrative characteristics of "timeline” in illustrative style.3. Lead students to understand the changes that have been caused by the Internet.
2. Explore the significance of the establishment of Sarek National Park.Q1: Which event is the most important one in the park’s history?Ss: The establishment of Sarek national park in 1909 is the most important one.Q2: Is it worth making a place like Sarek a national park? Give your reasons.Ss: Yes. In this way, the place can be kept in its natural state and natural beauties and other rare and valuable resources can be preserved instead of being destroyed by endless exploitation driven by profits.Q3: How does the writer organize his introduction to the history of Sarek?Ss: The writer organizes his introduction in the sequence of time, using time indicators such as “used to”, “around 9,000 years ago”, “soon after”, “following the reindeer”, and “in 1909”.Q4: What is the feature of the language used to introduce the history of the park?Ss: The introduction to the park is to provide facts, using time indicators to organize the events. Sentences starts with “third person” and passive voice is used more often, feeling objective.【设计意图】学生寻找和梳理公园历史上的重要事件,体会人与自然的和谐关系,评鉴介绍性语言的特点。【核心素养提升点】发展自主提取、梳理文本信息能力,训练逻辑思维和高阶思维。Activity 3: Highlighting the secret of the text
【设计意图】以“新科技是一把双刃剑”为主题开展讨论活动。这个话题比较大,所以给了一定的限制,首先需要以智能家居为例来阐述科技发展对未来生活产生的影响,然后列举其优点和缺点,最后就以上现象发表自己的观点。这个活动是对整个文本的创意性总结与意义的升华,留给学生一定的想象空间,学生借此机会可以运用文本内容和语言表达自己对科技发展的看法和态度。Assignments:1. Finish Exercise 4 on Page 15 of the textbook.A smart home is one that integrated computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves become automatic. For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, and so that your home would be more energy-efficient. The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you warnings if there is a problem. Such smart homes could even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you reasonable advice as to the food you should eat or if you should see a doctor. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives.2.Create a smart function for your home, and share your creation in the next period.
[2] An important breakthrough…was… [3] Another innovation was … [4] the emphasis increasingly shifted from…to… [5] New ideas and values gradually replaced… [6] While his paintings still had religious themes… … T: All these expressions serve to show how Western painting has developed. Some of them share similar structure but with varied use of words, which makes the text vivid and more readable. 【设计意图】主题类语言整理有助于学生类化语言应用,提高语言输出的丰富性。处理完文本内容信息后,进入语篇信息处理,进行主题相关的词块归类。引导学生快速阅读,寻找表达相同主题(发展或者艺术)的词和短语,再根据词性、用法和结构进行归类,储备主题相关词汇,丰富语言储备,提升语言素养。 Assignment: Go online to gather more information about Chinese painting and write a short history of it. 【设计意图】结合所学,迁移运用,根据实际语境,进行模仿性运用。在此过程中,学生尝试借鉴已学的语言、内容、语篇结构和写作手法来建构新文本,实现语篇输出,同时关注中西艺术文化的差别,加深对优秀文化的认同,培养文化意识。
知识和技能 ⑴从图片和简易图中,了解气团(冷气团、暖气团)的概念;锋的概念与分类;低压(气旋)、高压(反气旋)、高压脊、低压槽的概念。⑵从气温、气压、湿度、降水、风等几方面分析各种天气系统的形成及其气流特点,并综合出各种天气系统控制下的天气状况过程与方法 ⑴让学生能阅读和简单分析天气图,解释天气变化现象;⑵用案例说明气象灾害发生的原因和危害;⑶结合我国常见的天气系统说明其对人们生产和生活的影响情感、态度与价值观激发学生探究天气的形成和变化的兴趣和动机,培养学生求真、求实的科学态度,提高地理审美情趣教学重点1.锋面系统。(锋面系统:一是要区别冷暖锋的成因,二是要掌握锋面两侧的气压、温度、湿度、风和天气差异)2.低压、高压系统。(要掌握其成因、气压特征、气流特征及其天气特点四个方面。)
三维目标:知识和技能 1、了解地球自转和公转的方向及一些基本数据:周期、速度、公转轨道、黄赤交角。2、理解由于地球自转运动造成的昼夜交替、地方时差,掌握时间的有关换算,能正确判断晨昏线。3、理解地球自转和公转的关系,理解太阳直射点的南北移动的过程及其原因,并能演示其运动规律。4、理 解昼夜长短和正午太阳高度的季节变坏纬度变化 。过程与方法 1、通过运用地球仪演示地球的自传和公转现象,学生能够准确的画出夏至日到冬至日太阳照射地球的示意图2、能根据“二分二至日太阳照射地球示意图”分析全球各 地的昼夜长短和正午太阳高度的变化,分析同纬度地区不同季节和不同纬度地区相同季节的昼夜长短和正午太阳高度的变化。
当时,不只发生了太阳风暴,同时还有其它的现象发生,导致灾难巨大。 如果,这些现象单独地发生,结果就会是另外一个样子。正是由于这些因素综合起来,1859年的太阳风暴,才在人类历史上留下了浓墨重彩的一笔。太阳磁暴开始干扰通信日本卫星首个被“击中”日本航天机构29日声明,受强烈的太阳磁暴影响,28日晚,日本“儿玉(Kodama)”通讯卫星信号中断。 据美联社报道,在太阳黑子活动减弱后,“儿玉”通讯卫星恢复正常运转。 美欧研究人员28日发布新闻公告称,太阳当天发生了一次强烈的耀斑爆发,预示着新一轮太阳风暴将在今后一两天内抵达地球,地球上的通信等设施可能会因此受到部分干扰。与这次耀斑爆发相伴,太阳表面还产生了一股强大的日冕物质喷射,方向几乎直冲地球。研究人员说,喷射产生的带电粒子流正以约每小时750万公里的速度奔地球而来,其与地球磁场作用后可能会形成比较强烈的地磁暴,使地球两极出现极光,并可能对卫星运行和通信等造成干扰。
从质量、体积、平均密度、公转与自转周期等各方面,地球没有一项是最大值或最小值,这说明地球仅仅是太阳系中一颗最普通不过的一颗行星。2、地球又是一颗特殊的行星。问题 :为什么?因为地球是目前我们已知的唯一存在生物,特点是存在高级智慧生物的天体。问题:为什么地球上会存在生命?原因:(1)地球所处的宇宙环境来说:地球处于一种相对安全的宇宙环境。例:A、九大行星公转的同向性、同面 性、及公 转轨道的近圆性。B 太阳光照条件的稳定性。从地球产生到地球上有生物,几十亿年期间,太阳 没有明显的变化,地球所处的光照条件一直较稳定,生命演化没有中断。(2)地球自身的物质条件:例:A 日地距离适中,形成了适宜的温度:日地距离适中,地球表面平均温度15度,适合生物的生存。(扩展:地球自转速度适中,大气层的保温效应)B 地球质量与体积适中,使地球有了适合的大气条件。C 原始海洋的形成 :使 生命的出现成为可能。
【教学目标】 1.理解人口数量在社会的发展过程中的变化趋势,并能一一解释其原因;2.理解发达国家和发展中国家人口增长的差异和成因,并理解不同国家有不同的人口政策;3.运用图表分析世界人口增长模式的特点,并比较人口增长模式的时间和空间的差异;4.通过学习,能读懂并分析人口增长坐标图;同时能辩证地认识人口增长的不同状况采取的人口政策也不同。【教学重、难点及解决办法] 】重点:分析并比较人口增长模式在时间和空间上的差异难点:理解人口增长模式的三个指标解决方法:读图分析比较法 调查研究法 案例分析法 自主学习与合作探究 【教学准备】多媒体课件缺勤登记:【板书设计】第一节人口数量的变化第一节 人口数量的变化一、人口的自然增长(一)人口在数量变化在时间上是不均匀的(二)世界人口增长在空间上的差异——不均衡二、人口的增长模式及其转变
影响我国古代人口大规模迁移的因素,与影响我国近几十年人口迁移的因素有何不同?(古代:战乱,其次为开疆拓土、流放、戍边等。现代:国家政策、社会变革、经济发展、个人需求等。)2、为什么有这样的不同?(古代人口迁移受统治者及其行政力量的束缚。由于自给自足的经济十分脆弱,加之频繁的战争以及自然灾害等影响,人民难以安居乐业,不得不背井离乡大批迁移。近几十年来随着社会经济的发展、贸易的往来和交通的便捷,我国人口迁移不仅数量增加,而且频率加快,使各地人们的交往更加密切。)教师总结:从古今中外的人口迁移现象中,我们可以看出在人类历史早期人口迁移中重要的因素是什么?(自然因素)现在什么因素起重要作用?(经济因素)。但是在某种特定的时空条件下,任何一种因素都有可能成为促使人口迁移的决定性因素。【作业设计】查阅49年以来中国历年的人口数据资料,绘制人口增长的统计图表,探究中国人口增长的发展趋势
1.生产上的联系:有投入——产出的关系工业生产的过程复杂,工序繁多,往往需要经过多家工厂的加工才能完成一种产品的生产过程。因此,在这些工厂之间就存在着产品与原料的联系。一家工厂生产的产品是另一家工厂的原料,这两家工厂之间就形成了工序上的工业联系。2.非生产上的联系:如地理空间上的联系布局在同一个工业区内,共同利用工业区的道路、供水、供电、通信等基础设施以及其他生产、生活服务设施,或者共同利用当地廉价的劳动力,形成了空间利用上的工业联系。我国许多地方的经济技术开发区就是建立在这种工业联系基础上的。(二)工业集聚1.形成具有工业联系的一些工厂往往近距离地聚集起来,形成工业集聚现象。2.工业集聚可获得效应(1)工业集聚可以加强企业间的信息交流和技术协作,降低中间产品的运输费用和能源消耗,进而降低生产成本,提高生产效率和利润,取得规模效益。
1.国家石油价格上涨,导致依赖于国际石油而建立起来的日本重化工业的制造成本提高,产品价格相应提高,削弱了日本重化工产品在国际市场上的竞争力。2.日元 的大幅度升值,意味着日本产品在国际市场上的价格大幅度提高。例如,同样的日本产品,如果原来在国际市场上卖1美元,日元升值1倍后其在国际市场上的售价就达2美元。所以,以国际市场为依托的日本传统产业只好纷纷向海外转移。3.自身市场满足不了发展需求,国际市场上亚洲发展中国家和地区的同类产品具有明显的价格优势。所以,日本企业在其国内发展的空间很小。4.劳动力价格高反映为产品的价格高,而劳动力数量又满足 不了企业进一步扩展对劳动力的需求。所以,日本从事传统产业的国内企业生产受劳动力价格和数量的双重制约。5.促进日本企业生产的区位选择向国土的南、北部和海外扩展。6.“技术立国”的政策明显对传统产业在国内生产不利,即企业生产要么向知识技术密集型转换(这需要大量的投资),要么转向海外。
角色扮演:学生扮演政府官员、热带丛林土著居民、 世界环保组织官员、开发商等角色,从角色的立场讨论亚马孙河流域热带雨林的开发活动规则: 每个小组认领一种角色,用5分钟的时间讨论和整理思路,然后推荐一位代表做中心发言,小组的其他同学可以随时补充。发言时请说 明所扮演的角色,尽可能多的发表建设性意见。如果需要,可以上台展示材料【学生互动】 风云辩论:雨林破坏谁之错?正方观点:雨林破坏,亚马孙地区 的国家和 居民应负主要责任反方观点: 雨林破坏,发达国家应负主要责任 【师生小结】 雨林的开发,既有发展中国家经济的需要,也有发达国家国际市场的牵动。保护雨林,是全人类的共同责任,尤其发达国家应该承担更多的责任。保护亚马逊雨林符合长远利益和全球利益。但这与雨林所在地国家的发展产生了矛盾,如何解决之一矛盾是雨林开发与保护的关键。【过渡承转】 绿色和平组织警告说,如果不采取有效措施制止对森林的破坏,80年内热带雨林可能完全从地球上消失。开发还是保护?这是雨林的两种前途,也
(一)自然灾害监测系统1.概念:自然灾害监测系统是由国家、区域及地方等各级组织,通过不同平台对自然灾害进行监测和分析的网络系统。2.作用:灾前预警、灾中跟踪、灾后评估以及提出减灾决策方案3.世界和我国灾害监测系统的发展情况①已经形成了遍布世界各地、相互交织的灾害监测和预警网络。②我国已经运用现代科学技术建立起各种自然灾害监测系统(二)遥感技术在自然灾害监测中的作用1.遥感(RS)技术的特点:观测范围广、信息获取量大、获取速度快、实时性好和动态性强等。从空间尺度看,遥感具有全球观测能力,可从多波段、多时相和全天候角度获得全球自然灾害的观测数据;从时间尺度看,在遥感平台上能够对地球进行同步观测,可获得地球表层及其瞬间变化的灾害信息。
月球对地球的意义月球与地球形影相随,关系密切。月球对地球的影响,主要有以下几方面:1.地球上夜晚的自然照明,主要靠月亮。2.远在古代,人们就根据月相变化的周期,编订历法。我国农历月份的安排,是以月相变化 周期为标准的。农历规定朔为初一,这样,望就在十五日或十六日。我国人民的传统节日,像春节、中秋节就是按农历的月日计算安排的。3.由于地球表面各处所受月球和太阳引力的不同,地球上的水体产生了明显的潮汐现象。4.月球是人类星际航行的第一站。已知月球表面有多种宝贵矿藏;重力较小;没有大气层,利用太阳能的条件较好。如何利用月球的特殊环境,开发月球的资源,以及如 何利用月球作“码头”,使人类更好地研究宇宙,这将是月地关系的新篇章。
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