本课内容是普通学校教材,主要针对的是普通学校学生,主要包括了四个知识点,第一个问题由拨计数器的情境出发,从序数的角度,由千以内的数和一千之间的关系引出对“千”的认识。第二个问题结合拼摆小方块的活动,体会“个”、“十”、“百”、“千”之间的十进关系,直观感受“千”的大小。第三个问题就是结合数数活动进一步感受“千”的意义,掌握三位数的数数方法。第四就是安排的“试一试”,集合估计和对比想象的活动,发展学生的数感。针对普通学生这是2课时的内容,第一课时安排解决前三个问题,这对于我们听障学生来说课时容量太大,另外今天是微课只有30分钟,尤其是第三个问题数数更是难点,遇到9加1变十、99加1变百、999加1变千时的转化更是难点,所以本节课我只安排了第一和第二个问题,并且在教学第一个问题“千”的引入中加入“9加1变十、99加1变百、999加1变千”的内容,为学生下节课学习数数分散了难点,提前做好了铺垫。
二.说学情:学生已学习2~6乘法口诀,已有编制口诀的活动经验和方法,知道计算几个几的方法,了解了乘法口诀的基本结构,在乘法口诀与乘法意义的联系方面已积累了一些经验。二年级的学生的思维仍处于形象思维为主的阶段,但已有了一定地观察.比较.综合的意识。在兴趣浓厚的状态下,有较强的自信心和强烈的表现欲望。三.说教学目标:根据二年级学生的已有基础.认知规律,结合本课的知识特点及课程目标的要求。我们确定了如下教学目标:1.在情境中引导学生自主探索,合作交流,理解乘法意义,编制7的乘法口诀。2.在活动中引导学生熟记7的乘法口诀,会用7的乘法解决简单的实际问题。3.在编口诀.用口诀的过程中,提高学生自主学习能力,与他人合作交流的能力,积累学习情感,享受成功喜悦。教学重难点:熟练表内乘法,是每个学生应具备的最基本的计算能力,因此本课的教学重点是理解7的乘法口诀形成过程;难点是怎样去熟记并利用乘法口诀来解决生活中的实际问题。
这是相隔两站的里程,相对问题1而言,难度有所增加。但数量关系不复杂,而此时学生已经有了问题1扎实的画图基础,所以我直接放手,让学生选择自己喜欢的方法画图,再算一算。3、会用图,能选择恰当的方法解决实际问题学习的最高境界是学以致用,画一画的目的是帮助自己解决问题,所以在学生初步掌握借助画图理解问题的基础上,我及时向学生提问,你还想求哪段,鼓励学生小组交流,并发现总结起点相同的里程问题的解决策略。在问题3时,我还是放手自主探究,因为有了前面的基础,此时,聪明的学生已经掌握了求两站之间的里程的方法,而接受能力稍微慢一点的学生通过画一画明确算式中相减的两个数量分别表示的哪一段路程,也能解答出来,这时再乘胜追击,鼓励学生说一个算式,让其他学生求的是哪两站之间的里程,这样的设计既巩固学习方法,又进行了开拓延展,可谓一举两得。本节课学生经历、感受着,借助画图分析问题、理解问题、解决问题的优越性。让学生在尝试、探索中发展了思维,提高了能力。
本环节我依据教学目标和学生对知识的掌握情况,我设计了有针对性、层次分明的练习题(基本题、变式题、拓展题),让学生在解决这些问题的过程中,进一步理解,巩固新知,训练思维的灵活性,使学生的探索精神和实践能力得到进一步的提高。[本环节的设计意图:通过多层次的练习,激发学生的学习兴趣,调动学生学习的积极性和主动性,使学生获得愉悦的情感体验。同时使学生的知识结构更加完善。]第四环节:课堂小结在轻松愉快的学习活动结束后,我会与学生进行总结对话“这节课你有什么收获?你学会了什么?还有什么不懂得地方吗?”学生充分发言,交流自己的学习心得。[本环节的设计意图:帮助学生梳理知识,整理本课的知识要点,完成本节课的教学活动。]
[此环节的设计意图是利用情景激发学生探究的欲望,让学生带着轻松、愉悦的心情投入到新知的学习中。](二)自主探究感悟新知教育心理学告诉我们,学生应当有足够的时间和空间经历观察、实验、猜测、计算、推理、验证等活动过程。(在儿童的学习活动中,兴趣起着定向和动力功能的双重作用。)以这一理论为指导,我设计了以下三个层次渐深的活动,大胆放手让学生自主探究,从而突出重点、突破难点。活动一:理解分数乘整数的意义。让学生通过折一折的活动自主计算,并归纳整理出学生的三计算方法:①根据分数的意义数一数是3/5;②加法计算1/5+1/5+1/5=3/5;③乘法计算3*1/5=3/5,展示在黑板上,引导学生通过观察对比发现,其实3*1/5就是3个1/5相加,由此感知到分数乘整数的意义与整数乘法的意义相同,只是这里的相同加数变成了分数。
二、学情分析本单元是在学生已经学习了整数除法、分数乘法的基础上进行教学的,是小学阶段四则运算中最后一部分的内容。学生学习了整数、小数的四则运算,而分数只学习了加法、减法和乘法,因此对于学习分数除法有一定的认知需求,安排分数除法教学符合学生的认知发展特点。通过整数除法、分数乘法的学习,学生对计算的学习有一定的经验,并具有一定的解决问题的能力,这时候进行分数除法教学,学生有能力将原有的计算方法和经验进行迁移。学生在学习分数乘法时,已经掌握了一些解决分数乘法问题的方法,这时候进行分数除法教学可以促进知识之间的联系,提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。教师在教学时,应充分利用资源,激活学生已有的知识经验,引导他们展开类比思维,以促进学习的正向迁移。三、教学目标根据新课标的要求和教材的特点,结合五年级学生的认知能力,本节课我确定如下的教学目标:
二、教法根据教材呈现的内容,我在开展教学活动时是从以下几个方面思考。1、出示情境图,鼓励学生分析情境中的数学信息和数量关系,明确所要解决的问题,然后了解要解决这个问题需要什么样的条件,进而列出算式。2、讨论具体的计算方法。教材中呈现了两种计算方法。在这个过程中,教师可以先让学生自主进行计算,再组织讨论和交流算法之间的联系,明白分数混合运算的顺序。3、对问题的解决加以解释,即航模小组有3人。三、学法通过本节教学,学生学会运用直观的教学手段理解掌握新知识,学会有顺序的观察题、认真审题、正确计算、概括总结、检查的学习习惯。四、教学程序(一)谈话设计意图:激发学生兴趣,调动学生学习的积极性。(二)复习旧知1、复习整数混合运算的顺序。
3、最后,在为学生建立音高概念阶段,设计了运用手势和图形谱帮助学生感受歌曲的旋律。意图在于,新的教学大纲特别注重学生音高概念的建立。尤其是一年级起步阶段,这也是一个教学的难点,所以在设计模唱曲谱教学环节中,也力求做到挖掘一些音乐要素的内涵,让学生在参与、体验、感受、表现音乐中了解歌曲旋律的走向,获得音高感受。四、拓展延伸(一)、知识抢答“祖国知多少”此环节的设计意图是:学生学习情绪,让他们得到休息放松,同时也是对相关知识的学习过程,为下面进一步拓展在情感上做好准备。(二)、音像结合,在听赏中进一步感受歌曲的丰富情感和思想内涵。从内心产生对国旗的赞美和喜爱之情,思想得到升华,意图在于:这是一个情感深入阶段,在这一环节中各个教学内容的设计都是意在做到以审美为核心,抓住一个“情”字,激发学生对国旗的热爱和赞美之情。在歌曲歌唱处理上循序渐进,使学生对歌曲情感的感受和体验逐步加强。
接着引导学生进一步思考截面可不可以是特殊的三角形:等腰三角形和等边三角形。教师用课件演示切截过程,展示切截位置的变化引起截面形状的变化,图形特殊化。使学生的思考经历由一般到特殊的过程。2.截面是其他形状学生先猜想正方体的截面还有可能是什么形状,再利用实验操作型课件对正方体进行无限次的切截,让学生在无限次切截的过程中体会截面产生和变化的整个过程,发现截面产生和变化的规律。学生从切截活动中发现猜想时没有想到的截面图形,体会到探索的乐趣。教师再引导学生归纳正方体截面边数的规律。学生的认知得到升华。接着引导学生归纳截面形状中的特殊四边形。二.圆柱体和圆锥体的截面学生先猜想圆柱体的截面可能是什么形状,教师利用实验操作型课件对圆柱体进行无限次的切截,学生观察截面形状。
我们遇到的往往就是这样的方程组,我们要想比较简捷地把它解出来,就需要转化为同一个未知数系数相同或相反的情形,从而用加减消元法,达到消元的目的.请大家把解答过程写出来.解:①×3,得:6936xy??,③②×2,得:3486??yx,④③-④,得:2?y.将2?y代入①,得:3?x.根据上面几个方程组的解法,请同学们思考下面两个问题:(1)加减消元法解二元一次方程组的基本思路是什么?(2)用加减消元法解二元一次方程组的主要步骤有哪些?(由学生分组讨论、总结并请学生代表发言)[师生共析](1)用加减消元法解二元一次方程组的基本思路仍然是“消元”.(2)用加减法解二元一次方程组的一般步骤是:①变形----找出两个方程中同一个未知数系数的绝对值的最小公倍数,然分别在两个方程的两边乘以适当的数,使所找的未知数的系数相等或互为相反数.②加减消元,得到一个一元一次方程.③解一元一次方程.
③如果某人本月缴所得税19.2元,那么此人本月工资薪金是多少元?根据所给条件写出简单的一次函数表达式是本节课的重点加难点,所以在解决这一问题时及时引导学生总结学习体会,教给学生掌握“从特殊到一般”的认识规律中发现问题的方法。类比出一次函数关系式的一般式的求法,以此突破教学难点。在学习过程中,我巡视并予以个别指导,关注学生的个体发展。经学生分析:(1)当月收入大于1600元而小于2100元时,y=0.05×(x-1600);(2)当x=1760时,y=0.05×(1760-1600)=8(元);(3)设此人本月工资、薪金是x元,则19.2=0.05×(x-1600) X=1984五.教学效果课前:通过本节课的学习,教学目标应该可以基本达成,学生能够理解一次函数和正比例函数的概念,以及它们之间的关系,并能正确识别一次函数解析式,能根据所给条件写出简单的一次函数表达式,且通过本节课的学习学生的抽象思维能力,数学应用能力都能有所提升,
引导学生回忆所学知识。通过这节课的学习你得到什么启示和收获?谈谈你的感受.目的:总结回顾学习内容,有助于学生养成整理知识的习惯;有助于学生在刚刚理解了新知识的基础上,及时把知识系统化、条理化。(四)作业布置加强“教、学”反思,进一步提高“教与学”效果。四、说板书设计采用了如下板书,要点突出,简明清晰。一次函数正比例函数图像的画法:确定两点为(0,0)和(1,K)一次函数选择的两点为:(0,k)和(-b\k,0)五、说课后小结实践证明,在教学中,充分利用教学方法的优势,为学生创造一个好的学习氛围,来引导学生发现问题、分析问题从而解决问题。多媒体课件支撑着整个教学过程,令学生在一个生动有趣的课堂上,能愉快地接受知识
6、问题的检验学生提出的问题和老师拓展的问题在解答过程中,学生能否真正领会,或领会的程度如何?这就需要检验才能了解。检验的方式很多,可以通过交流、调查、反思、随堂检测等方式进行。我主要采用随堂检测的方式,把事先准备好的自测题发给学生,或利用多媒体投影来进行当堂检测。检测题目不宜过多,可随学生的课堂表现而有所增减,同时,把拓展性的问题作为思考题留给学生课外探索。如,这节课我是选择了《同步作业》中的几个具有代表性的问题来完成检验的。安排这一环节的意图:通过把教学内容以问题的形式列出来,用于检验学生对知识点的掌握和教师教学效果的了解,帮助教师及时掌控课堂教学情况,调整教学思路和教学进度。7、我的收获和疑惑课程结束时,让学生谈谈自己的收获以及还有哪些问题没能搞明白。安排这一环节的意图:这一环节可以促使学生对本节课的内容进行主动的、深层次的的回顾与反思,从而加深学生对所学知识的整理、记忆与理解,同时也便于老师对课堂教学效果的及时掌握和调整以后的教学思路。
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
1.确定研究对象,明确哪个是解释变量,哪个是响应变量;2.由经验确定非线性经验回归方程的模型;3.通过变换,将非线性经验回归模型转化为线性经验回归模型;4.按照公式计算经验回归方程中的参数,得到经验回归方程;5.消去新元,得到非线性经验回归方程;6.得出结果后分析残差图是否有异常 .跟踪训练1.一只药用昆虫的产卵数y与一定范围内的温度x有关,现收集了6组观测数据列于表中: 经计算得: 线性回归残差的平方和: ∑_(i=1)^6?〖(y_i-(y_i ) ?)〗^2=236,64,e^8.0605≈3167.其中 分别为观测数据中的温度和产卵数,i=1,2,3,4,5,6.(1)若用线性回归模型拟合,求y关于x的回归方程 (精确到0.1);(2)若用非线性回归模型拟合,求得y关于x回归方程为 且相关指数R2=0.9522. ①试与(1)中的线性回归模型相比较,用R2说明哪种模型的拟合效果更好 ?②用拟合效果好的模型预测温度为35℃时该种药用昆虫的产卵数.(结果取整数).
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