如图所示,要用长20m的铁栏杆,围成一个一面靠墙的长方形花圃,怎么围才能使围成的花圃的面积最大?如果花圃垂直于墙的一边长为xm,花圃的面积为ym2,那么y=x(20-2x).试问:x为何值时,才能使y的值最大?二、合作探究探究点一:二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的最值已知二次函数y=ax2+4x+a-1的最小值为2,则a的值为()A.3 B.-1 C.4 D.4或-1解析:∵二次函数y=ax2+4x+a-1有最小值2,∴a>0,y最小值=4ac-b24a=4a(a-1)-424a=2,整理,得a2-3a-4=0,解得a=-1或4.∵a>0,∴a=4.故选C.方法总结:求二次函数的最大(小)值有三种方法,第一种是由图象直接得出,第二种是配方法,第三种是公式法.变式训练:见《学练优》本课时练习“课堂达标训练” 第1题探究点二:利用二次函数求图形面积的最大值【类型一】 利用二次函数求矩形面积的最大值
“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation
Step Ⅶ Role play ( Work on 1b)1. First ask two students to read the dialogue to the class.Sa: How do you get to school?Sb: Well, I ride my bike to the subway station. Then I take the subway.2. Now work with a partner.Suppose you use two kinds of transportation to get to school \Hangzhou\Beijing... (bus, train, subway, walking, bike, etc.) Tell how you get there. You may use the phrases in 1a.3. Then ask different pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.Step ⅧListening1. Work on 2a(1) First ask students to read the list of information that Thomas wants to know.…where Nina lives.…how far from school she lives.…how long it takes to get to school.…how she gets to school.…what she thinks of the transportation.(2) Tell students what transportation and bus stop mean.bus stop 汽车站 transportation n. 运送;运输Then tell students we'll hear a recording. Please put a checkmark in front of each thing that Thomas wants to know.(3) Now play the recording for students.( Have students pay attention to the sample answer.) (4) Then correct the answers.
Teaching goals : 1. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc. 2. How to talk about future plans . 3. 现在进行时表示将来计划或行动. 4. 特殊疑问句(where , when , how long引导) Important and difficult points : Drills :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m watching TV . When are you going ? I’m going … . How long are you staying ? We’re staying for five days . Teaching aids : cards and a tape ,a large wall calendar . Period 1 Teaching procedures : Step 1Leading in1. Free talk . 2. Put up the wall calendar . T: I’m staying home on Saturday (pointing to next Saturday ).Ss repeat . Ss: I’m staying home on Saturday . T: OK. Today we’ll learn how to talk about future plans. Step 2Pre-task SB Page 13 , 1a . 1. Look at the picture carefully and tell what you see in the picture . 2. Write the activities from the pictures in the box and add some more . 3. Practice reading . Step 3While-task1. Using the activities we write in 1a to make conversations .For example :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m visiting my uncle . 2. Pairwork .Practice in pairs . 3. 用第三人称练习对话.
She shouldn’t go to the party tonight.Step7. TaskT: You know, there are lots of problems in our life. If you are a doctor, please tell us how to solve the problem. I will divide you into 9 groups. Please work in groups. And then choose one of you to report your ideas.The following are the problems:I have a toothache.I am hungry. I have a sore throat.I am stressed out. I have a sore back.I am tired. I can’t sleep.I have a cold. I have a headache.Report: If you have a headache, you should go to bed early. You should see the doctor. You should eat some medicine. You shouldn’t wash your face with cold water.You shouldn’t sleep late.You shouldn’t swim.…..T encourages the students to give advice as much as possible.Homework:1. Chose one of the problems, and write down your advice2. Copy the new words这一步是用于热身的,同时也可以让他们复习一部分的表示人体部位的单词,扩充知识.学习语言的过程也是一个不断积累的过程,复习旧知识,增添新知识.通过小游戏,强化学生对Does she/he have…这个句子的运用能力.通过复习,自然的引到下面新知识的学习。充分利用表格,由句子到对话,再到文章,让学生循序渐进. 提高学生的综合语言运用能力,运用以前学过的知识来解决身边的问题.Period 5 (Section B 3a—3c, selfcheck)教学内容与分析:
内容提示本单元主要内容是学会利用verb十by/with gerund表示方式方法来讨论学习英语的策略,认识自己在学习方面的长处和不足。初步了解现在完成时的结构和用法。现在完成时由助动词have/has+动词的过去分词构成,主要表示过去发生的某一动作对现在仍有影响或造成的后果,常与already,yet,just,ever,never等副词连用。教学目标一、学习目标(Language Goal) 1. Talk about how to study . 学会讨论各种学习方法和策略。2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出适合自己的学习方法。 二、语言结构(Language Structures) 1. Verb + by with gerund by+动名词短语 表示“通过…途径,方法” 2. How questions have引导的特殊疑问句 三、目标语言(Target Language) 1. How do you study for tests ? 你是怎样准备考试的?Well , I study by working with my classmates. 哦,我和同学们一起学习。2. Have you ever studied with a group ? 你曾经参加过学习小组吗?Yes , I have . I’ve learned a lot that way . 是的,参加过。通过这种方式我学了许多。
The First PeriodⅠ.Teaching Aims and DemandsKnowledge Objects(1) Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site(2) Target LanguageWhere would you like to go on vacation?I’d like to trek through the jungle, because I like exciting vacations.2. Ability Objects(1)Train students to talk about places they would like to visit with the target language.(2)Train students to describe vacations with different adjectives.(3)Train students' listening skill.3. Moral Object,It′s more interesting to go on vacating somewhere instead of staying at home.Ⅱ. Teaching Key Points1. Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site2. Target LanguageTalk about different places with the target language.Ⅲ. Teaching Difficult Points1. Describe vacations with different adjectives.2. Talk about different places with the target language.Ⅳ. Teaching Methods1. Teaching by illumination2. Teaching by doing chain drills3. Teaching by pairworkⅤ. Teaching Aids1. A tape recorder2. Some pictures of different places with famous views
1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接着,……最后,……这是英语中表达做某事的步骤的一种说法。如果步骤较多,还可以说:first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你会听到说英语国家的人在说 first, next, then, finally 和后面的内容时,他们会做一些停顿。这样就能提前告诉听者接下来讲的是一系列的步骤。这一点在朗读和听力中应特别注意。2. how many, how much均为疑问词,同是“多少”,但用法不同。请看:how many修饰可数名词复数,how much修饰不可数名词。但在用法上,同学们常犯如下错误:1) [误] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容词,常修饰名词作定语,故后面跟名词。2) [误]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。how many与how much的区别可简记为:前how many:问“多少”,复数名词后面跑;how much问“多少”,不可数名词单数好。前者答语用基数词,后者答语用数量关系。
1 交通工具的比较此活动为小组活动。学生通过讨论找出到达某一城市可乘坐的各种交通工具,并选择最佳出行方式。Teacher:We’re going to Shanghai. How many ways can we use to get there? Yes, there are four ways: by bus, by plane, by train, by ship. Please discuss how you are going to get there.操作建议:(1)学生以小组为单位展开活动,谈论本组所选择的交通工具。(2)各组选代表向全班汇报,阐述本组所选择的交通工具的利和弊。完成任务所需要的语言结构:We can go there by ship. It’s more comfortable and cheaper than any other transportation.We can go there by bus. It’s cheaper but it takes longer time.2 哪个城市更合适?此活动具有挑战性。假设中国要举行2014年世界杯足球赛,分别从历史,人文,天气等方面对各城市(北京,大连,上海,昆明)进行比较,选择最佳举办城市。T: Imagine China is holding the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Which city do you think is the best for the World Cup, Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai or Kunming? Let’s work in groups. If you choose Beijing, please join the Team Red. If you chose Dalian, please join the Team White. If you choose Shanghai, please join the Team Blue. If you choose Kunming, please join the Team Green. Please show us its advantages. Then let’s see which team will win.
教学重点和难点:运用所掌握的语言描述,比较不同地点的特点。在练习中学习掌握英语比较级和最高级的用法。课前准备分配小组,每组五至六人。通过上网或翻阅报刊杂志等方法,确定旅游线路,做出基本的旅游计划。教学设计:本节课流程图 学法指导:1.由于这是一堂新课,在教学中应注意面向全体,发挥学生的主体性,引导学生积极参与,激发学生的求知欲和学习积极性,指导学生积极思维,主动获取知识,养成良好的学习方法。逐步学会独立解决问题。总之要尽可能调动学生的非智力因素促进智力因素的发展。教法选择:1.电化教学法2.课堂讨论法3.任务型教学法采用这些方法的目的是为了充分调动学生的学习积极性,使学生变被动学习为主动学习。通过电脑形象的演示,加强印象,提高兴趣,突破难点,提高教学效率,进而增大教学的容量和信息量。充分体现教师为主导,学生为主体的教学原则。
Step 1 Greeting Greet the class and check the homeworkStep 2 A duty report The S on duty gives a report on the rules in his home and lead in 3a “Sun Fei’s and Wu Yu’s rules” Step 3 ReadingSs read the conversation and write the two girls’ rules in the chart. Check the answers.Get Ss to read after the tape and then read aloud by themselves. Then, T explains the language points.Step 4 Pairwork 3bRole play. Use the information in chart to practice with the conversation in 3a covered. They can look at the sample conversation in the right box.Step 5 Task 2 “Who’s the best reporter?”Make a survey by asking any 5 students the questions in the chart in activity 4. Then give out a report about it. See who is the best reporter? And the best reporter will get a nice ball-pen.Step 6 Summary and homework:Write out the report in your exercise-books.Period ThreeStep 1 Greeting and a duty reportThe S gives a duty report talking about his experience of being late for school. Lead in the question “Do you ever get to school late? How often do you get to school late? Always, usually, sometimes, or never?Step 2 1a Get Ss to finish writing.Step 3 Pairwork 1b Get Ss to talk about their answers with their partners using the sample conversation in the box on the right.Step 4 Listening practice2a Lead-in: What will happen if you get to school late? What about Peter? Let’s listen to a conversation between Peter and his father. Get Ss to finish 2a (As usual, for the first time, Ss only listen.) Check the answers.
初读课文,学习字词。 1.出示自学提示:默读课文,一边读一边画出不认识的字和不理解的词,并借助词典等学习工具书理解。 2.教师检查学生学习情况。 (1)检查生字读音。 ①参差( cēncī)芭蕉(bā)衣襟( jīn)妩媚(wǔ) ②“薄”是一个多音字,在字典中有三个读音,一个读bo,当“迫近、靠近”讲,组词是日薄西山;还有的当“轻微、少”、“不强壮”、“不厚道”、“看不起”等意思,组词是“广种薄收”、“单薄”、“轻薄”、“厚古薄今”等;一个读bo,组词是薄荷,多年生草本植物;还有一个读音是bao,表示感情冷淡、不浓、不肥沃等意思。课文中 (2)指导易混淆的字。 “幽”是半包围结构,外面是“山”,里面是两个“幺”。 “案”是上下结构,上面是“安”,下面是“木”。 “薄”要与“簿”相互比较,可以通过组词的形式来辨析,“薄”组词是“薄饼”,“簿”组词是练习簿。 “糊”:左右结构,与“米”有关,形容非常黏稠、混沌不清的状态。
各位评委好,我说课的题目是 文学经典 精神家园。(转身板书题目)文学经典能启迪智慧,陶冶心灵,构建人格。一部小说,记录了一个家族百年的兴衰,也折射出一块大陆的历史风云;一种手法,引起了一场文学风暴,也带来一次文学地震;她就是1982年10月21日获得诺贝尔文学奖的《百年孤独》,今年恰逢其获奖40周年,我校言泉文学杂志社,将开展“重温文学经典,走进《百年孤独》”的作品插图展活动。本次活动主要有,设计宣传海报,招聘插图讲解员,举行《百年孤独》的思想内容和艺术成就研讨会。任务活动一 设计宣传海报文案,意图完成作家作品简介。提示学生海报的内容要点,时间,地点 宣传主题的意义和价值,引导学生各用一句话,介绍马尔克斯和《百年孤独》。现场设计,当堂展示,择优录取。任务活动二 设计人物插图讲解文稿,意图引导学生梳理情节,概括人物形象特点。
1、导入:青春之美,弥足珍贵,青春的价值又各不相同,如果革命之志是毛泽东青春的美好,那蓬勃的创造力就是郭沫若的青春之歌,如果奉献与牺牲是闻一多青春的价值,那么自由就是雪莱青春的底色,我们前两节课遨游在诗歌的天空,那么我们这节课我们要来到小说的园地,看看青春在这片小说的沃土里展现怎样的颜色。目的:创设诗意,进入情境,延继单元主题,引出学习内容2、学习任务一:预习检查,概括情节目的:检查预习成果,落实整体感知把握主旨的课前学习任务。3、学习任务二:情境探究:品人物悟青春之美假设我校文学社正在举办“文学中最美的青春人物”评选活动,让同学在《百合花》与《哦,香雪》中推选出最能体现青春美好的人物,还需要附上简短的推荐理由以便评委组评议。谁最美?大家为此争论不休,如果你也参与推荐,那你觉得谁才是最美的青春人物?你会为他写上怎样的推荐理由?(思考提示:依据表格内容思考并完成表格,小组内交流3分钟,推选代表回答)
1. 厘清全文的线索、情节,体会小说结构严谨、清新俊逸的写作风格。2. 分析通讯员、新媳妇的人物形象,通过品味生动的细节来感知人物身上洋溢的人性美、青春美。3.通过自主、合作、探究,从不同角度和层面发掘“百合花”这一主题的独特意蕴。4.通过把握小说人性美、青春美的主题,引导学生提升自身的精神品质和道德情操。教学重点是:通讯员及新媳妇的性格特征分析,小说如何通过细节描写来塑造人物性格。教学难点是:从不同角度和层面发掘“百合花”这一主题的独特意蕴。【教学方法】本文篇幅较长,但我们决定用一个课时来完成教学任务,课前让学生充分预习文本,自己搜集有关“百合花”的知识资料,自主梳理文章的故事情节,自主归纳人物的形象、性格特点。课堂上采用情景激趣法、启发诱导法、合作探究法等教学方法来引导学生学习探究,培养学生的文学鉴赏能力。
预设 1.树立保护文化遗产的意识,从小事做起,从自身做起。2.向周边的人宣传保护文化遗产的重要性,让人们明白文化遗产是民族精神的底蕴、民族文化的根基。3.向当地政府部门提出保护文化遗产的合理方案:(1)必须以法律条文的形式进行规范和监督,维护重奖,破坏严惩。(2)开办文化遗产学习、讲座、知识竞赛等活动。让人们耳濡目染,感受中华传统文化遗产的魅力和文化遗产存在的必要性。4.用实际行动保护它,同破坏它的人进行坚决的斗争。结合教材P148“资料三”和P149“资料四”,以“我与文化遗产”为话题,自拟题目,写一篇作文,谈谈你对文化遗产保护的认识和思考。【设计意图】本环节意在让学生在参与活动的基础上,进一步反思。通过问题设计和写作训练,进一步梳理探索过程,扩展实践探索的思想广度,将活动引入到更深的层次,提升了活动的效果。
【学习目标】1.知识与技能:加深对燃烧条件的认识,进一步了解灭火的原理。2.过程与方法:体验实验探究的过程,学习利用实验探究的方法研究化学。3.情感态度与价值观:利用化学知识解释实际生活中的具体问题,使学生充分体会到化学来源于生活,服务于社会。【学习重点】通过物质燃烧条件的探究,学习利用控制变量的思想设计探究实验,说明探究实验的一般过程和方法。【学习难点】利用控制变量的思想设计对照实验进行物质燃烧条件的探究。【课前准备】《精英新课堂》:预习学生用书的“早预习先起步”。《名师测控》:预习赠送的《提分宝典》。情景导入 生成问题1.复习:什么叫燃烧?燃烧条件有哪些?今天自己设计实验来进行探究。2.明确实验目标,导入新课。合作探究 生成能力学生阅读课本P150的相关内容并掌握以下内容。实验用品:镊子、烧杯、坩埚钳、三脚架、薄铜片、酒精、棉花、乒乓球、滤纸、蜡烛。你还需要的实验用品:酒精灯、水。1.实验:用棉花分别蘸酒精和水,放到酒精灯火焰上加热片刻。上述实验中我们能观察到什么现象?说明燃烧需要什么条件?如果在酒精灯上加热时间较长,会发生什么现象?答:蘸酒精的棉花燃烧,蘸水的棉花没有燃烧,说明燃烧需要有可燃物。如果加热时间较长,水蒸发后,蘸水的棉花也会燃烧。2.如图所示,进行实验:我们能观察到什么现象?说明燃烧需要什么条件?答:在酒精灯火焰上加热乒乓球碎片和滤纸碎片,都能燃烧,说明二者都是可燃物。放在铜片两侧给它们加热后可看到乒乓球碎片先燃烧,说明燃烧需要温度达到可燃物的着火点。3.你能利用蜡烛和烧杯(或选择其他用品)设计一个简单实验证明燃烧需要氧气(或空气)吗?答:点燃两支相同的蜡烛,然后在一支蜡烛上扣住一只杯子,看到被杯子扣住的蜡烛一会儿就熄灭,说明燃烧的条件之一是需要氧气。
二、说教学目标1.能有感情朗读诗文,背诵诗文。2.能借助图片,发挥想象,走进诗境,从而体会诗人热爱祖国河山的感情。三、说教学重难点1.朗读古诗,读出感情,读出韵味。(重点)2.欣赏古诗意境,体会诗人的感情,培养热爱祖国河山的思想感情。(难点)四、说教法学法科学合理的教学方法能使教学效果事半功倍,达到教与学的和谐完美统一。基于此,我准备采用的教法是情境教学法并以多媒体手段辅助教学,力求达到以读代讲、读中促思、读中悟情的效果。? 三年级的学生对于韵文的学习有一定难度,但他们有了一定的学诗经验,会对本诗的学习、理解起到极大的推动作用。本节课将以读代讲引导学生用朗读感悟法,想象感悟法,穿插自主合作学习法,力求在读中受到情感熏陶,在品味语言中积累语言,在内容学习中掌握方法。
教学目标:【知识与能力目标】了解生活中的危险行为,并形成主动规避安全风险的意识和能力。【过程与方法目标】通过课本知识及相关案例帮助学生树立更完善的安全意识。【情感态度价值观目标】认识到生活中的危险是可以积极行动去避免的,培养安全意识和珍爱生命的观念。然后就是教学中的重难点分析教学重难点:1.教学重点:通过本课的学习认识日程生活中的危险行为并主动避免。2.教学难点:树立安全第一的意识,培养应对危机情况的能力。在对教材整体分析完之后,我们需要老师学生在课前做哪些准备;课前准备:学生进行课前预习,教师制作多媒体课件,准备相关材料。二、教学过程我打算从三个方面导入新课教学过程:导入新课情境导入:如果遇到危险我们该怎么办?(提问学生)
学生阅读教材第26页的四幅图画,反思日常生活中自己的一些做法,然后在小组内交流,再全班交流展示,教师相机引导、板书。设计意图:对日常生活中自己值日的思考,激发学生对值日生职责的认同感。活动二:解决值日中遇到的难题学生阅读教材第27页的四幅图,思考自己在值日中遇到过什么困难,然后全班交流,学生畅所欲言,教师引导学生共同解决。设计意图:针对学生值日中真实的困惑进行引导和解决,提高学生的责任意识、道德能力。活动三:我是今天的值日生课件出示儿歌《我是今天的值日生》。学生先自己读一读,全班再齐读。设计意图:再次认识值日生的职责。环节三:课堂小结,内化提升学生谈一谈学习本节课的收获,教师相机引导。设计意图:梳理总结,体验收获与成功的喜悦,内化提升学生的认识与情感。环节四:回归生活,拓展延伸制作班级值日生的表格,记录自己今后做值日的情况。设计意图:将课堂所学延伸到学生的日常生活中,有利于落实行为实践。
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