【教学目标】我设置的本课的教学目标有三个:1、知识与技能(1)了解曹雪芹及《红楼梦》(2)学习通过一个人物的行踪、所见所闻,介绍典型环境,认识封建贵族阶级豪奢极耻的生活以及森严的等级、礼仪制度(3)分析小说人物出场的描写艺术,培养学生分析小说人物形象的能力。(4)一叶落而知秋”,通过对“林黛玉进贾府”这一故事情节的把握是否能引发对《红楼梦》的认知兴趣,并找到一个突破口,有针对性地进行自主探究,进而进行个性化解读。(5)整体认知小说,认识小说悲剧的必然性和思想价值.2、过程与方法(1)用直观演示和归纳探究法分析文章要点。(2)用讨论探究法体验作者对文中人物的情感态度。3、情感态度价值观(1)正确理解《红楼梦》的思想内涵,培养学生热爱祖国传统文化的思想感情。(2)认识封建大家族的腐朽没落,理解贾宝玉追求个性自由反封建的精神。
本文篇幅较长,并且有一字句不易理解,因而对高一学生来说完全读懂内容有一些困难。这样的话,老师就要做好引导工作,把一些难点,或是出现词类活用比较多,局势比较特殊的句子,老师可以先给学生画出来,存疑,或是与同学们一起讨论解决。对那些不易懂的字词就引导学生联系上下文提供的语境、前后涉及的情节加以推测、判断,以培养学生依据文脉推断词义的好方法。要求学生点出重点实词、框出通假字,主要是为帮助学生积累和掌握一些文言文中常见的一词多义、异读现象、古今异义和通假现象的词语,并进一步得出规律,指导今后的文言文学习。词类活用和特殊句式在文言文翻译中难度较大,也是本文教学的两大难点。要求学生标出有活用现象的字和划出句式特殊的句子,是基于两点考虑:1、积累一定数量的第一手例句;2、引导学生加以分类,找出每类的相同特征,并抽取出来形成规律性的东西,从而上升到理性认识,使学生能由学会一个到会学多个。翻译过程中注重指导学生养成用符号法表示重点字句的好习惯,如点、框、圈、划线等符号应约定一致,便于突出翻译中的重点、难点及复习。我的提示着重归纳了实词“制”“亡”“遗”“利”等,名词活用、形容词活用、使动用法,被动句、状语后置句。
Ⅲ. Analysis of the teaching material:The topic of this unit is cultural relics. Students are quite interested in topics about different cultures around the world. This is the second period of the whole unit. As a reading class, the passage mainly talks about the history of the amber room (how it was made, sent as a gift, lost and rebuilt).According to the new national curriculum, when teaching reading, much emphasis should be put on training the students’ reading skills.Ⅳ. Teaching objectives1. Language objectives:1) Students are required to master the key words and phrases occurred in the passage (e.g. amazing, decorate, belong, in return, less than etc.)2) Students are required to learn the attributive clause and acquire the sentence pattern.2. 1) Students are required to describe a certain thing by using the new sentence patterns.2) Students are required to master two kinds of reading skills—skimming and scanning, and learn to use them in their daily reading.3. 1) Students are required to know the history of the amber room.2) Students are required to appreciate cultural relics and understand the importance of protecting them.Ⅴ. Teaching important and difficult points1) the new words, phrases, and sentence pattern in the course of reading.2) Teaching difficult point: Help the students master two kinds of reading skills—skimmingand scanning and learn to apply them in daily use.Ⅵ. Teaching methods:Task-based method & Top-down model Ⅶ. Teaching aids: PPT, pictures, blackboard Ⅷ. Teaching procedure:
When it comes to the students’ studying methods, I'd like to introduce my Ss first. The Ss have a good command of basic language points. They’re interested in learning English, and they take an active part in English class, so they will have fun in autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning. I will just serve as a guide, showing them the way to explore how to make more progress in their English learning.Now it’s time for the most important stage of this lesson. My teaching procedures are arranged as follows:Step1.Leading-in (3 minute)Play a video of a wide variety of wildlife to introduce my topic. Step2. Speaking (12 minutes)We will use our textbook Page25. Let the Ss fast read the short paragraph to warm up. Ask them to talk about the report on some endangered wildlife in China with the dialogue patterns on the screen. Lastly, I will invite some groups to demonstrate their dialogues about saving wildlife in China.Step3.English play (3 minutes)Watch another video in praise of their excellent performance just now. It’s about Jack Chen’s(成龙)and Yang Ziqiong’s wildlife protection.Step4. Listening (twice 13 minutes)This time, I’ll ask the Ss to fill in the blanks of the monologue of the 2 movie stars above. Step5.Discussion (3 minutes)Which would you like to choose to wear, clothes made of cotton, artificial leather or animal skins? Why ?Step6. Summary (3 minutes)1. If there were no wildlife, there wouldn’t exist human beings. If the buying stops, the killing can, too.2. Animals are our friends. To love animals is to love ourselves. Stop hunting, killing and destroying wildlife.3. Let’s live in harmony with all the living things in the world. Step7. Music appreciation (3 minutes)Let the Ss appreciate the song Earth Song by Michael Jackson. Last but not the least, I will show you my blackboard design.
Good morning, distinguished judges:It’s my honor to talk about my teaching ideas with you. Today my topic is Women of Achievement. My presentation consists of six parts: the analysis of teaching material and student, teaching aims, key and difficult points, teaching and studying method, teaching procedures and blackboard design.First, let’s focus on the analysis of teaching material. This lesson is from New Senior English for China Student’s Book 4 Unit 1, the reading part. The main topic of the passage is the introduction of a student of Africanwildlife. After this lesson, the students will learn more information about her studying chimps in Africa, and their reading and speaking abilities can be developed as well.The next part is the analysis of students. My students are in senior high students. They have learnt English for many years, they’ve known many words and sentences, but their speaking and reading abilities are still not very good. So I will practice their speaking and reading abilities through different exercises.According to the New Standard Curriculum and the present situation, I set the teaching aims as follows: firstly, knowledge aims. Students can grasp some new words, such as worthwhile, move off. Moreover, students can understand the content of the passage and get familiar with the topic of studying chimps in wildlife. Secondly, ability aims. Students can use reading strategies such as skimming and scanning in reading process. Thirdly, emotional aims. Students can have the awareness of protecting animals and care about animals.Based on the above analysis, the key point of this lesson is to get the main idea and the detailed information from the passage; the difficult point is to talk about the wildlife protection and use reading strategies.
Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.
In this class, I have 3 teaching aims, that is, knowledge aims, ability aims and emotion aims.1) Knowledge-Teach students new words and expressions, such as temporary, bleed,sprain choke, first aid, fall ill and so on.-Enable students to have a better understanding for some basic knowledge of first aid.2) Ability-Train students’ speaking, reading and writing abilities by different teaching activities, such as skimming, comprehending, team work, role play, retelling and writing.-Develop students’ reading strategy on how to move general idea to specific information.3) Emotion-Promote students’ awareness of giving first aid.- Cultivate students’ creativities.Then let’s come to my teaching methods and activities.III. Teaching methods and activities:To achieve different teaching aims, various kinds of teaching methods and activities will be adopted throughout this period, such as TBL (task-based learning), skimming, team work, brainstorm and others, which can offer students opportunities to fulfill tasks in which they can use language to achieve a specific outcome.IV. Teaching aids:Computer and blackboardV. Teaching important points:1) Make students have a clear mind for the structure of the text.2) Help students understand the theme of the text.VI. Teaching difficulties:1) So many new words may affect students’ understanding.2) How to get students to know about the functions of the skin and thecauses, characteristics and treatments for different degree burns,and the knowledge about giving first aid. VII. Blackboard design:
今天我们来介绍一下必修五第四单元的授课方式。这个单元的题目是Making the news。应该是学生比较感兴趣的话题,学生往往对新闻工作充满好奇,所以我们可以利用这个机会多设计一些师生互动和学生互动,来激发起学习的积极性,提高学习效率。同时我们可以利用这个单元不仅帮助学生掌握语言知识,培养语言能力,同时让其了解新闻工作的重要性,培养起社会智能感。这个单元分为六个课时,它的教学目标是这样的:语言目标是掌握词汇表中的常用单词和短语,掌握倒装句的一些基本用法。 技能目标是能初步掌握约会的基本句型并在真实的场景下正确运用。新闻报道类文章的写作技能。采访的基本规范和沟通技能。情感目标是对新闻报道的客观性和真实性有更好的理解。对新闻记者的职业有更深入的了解,并能体会其工作的重要性。下面我们来介绍一下第一课时的授课方式,第一课的教学目标是这样的第一课时的教学目标语言目标:单词:Occupation, journalist, editor, photographer, curious, personality, enthusiasm
一、说教材本节课选自于人教版语文必修二第二单元诗三首中的一首诗歌,它是陶渊明归隐后的作品。写的是田园之乐,实际表明的是作者不愿与世俗同流合污的心声,甘愿守着自己的拙志回归田园。学习该诗,有助于学生了解山水田园诗的特点,感受者作者不同流俗的高尚情操,同时可以培养学生初步的鉴赏古典诗歌的能力。
一、认识说课的实质说课是指教师以现代教育理念为指导,在精心备课的基础上,面对同行或教学研究人员,采用口头语言或相关辅助手段,阐述某学科课程或某具体课程的教学设计及其依据的教学研究过程(李崇爱,孟应周,2011)。简单而言,说课就是教师对“教什么”、“怎么教”、“为什么这么教”等问题进行阐述。这样做的目的,一方面可以展现一个教师的教育理论修养、教学组织能力和口头表达能力,另一方面可以帮助教师优化教学设计,反思教学行为,分享教学经验。
4、学习全词:(1)背景介绍,让学生看课文中的年代,然后让学生回忆1925年的毛泽东的情况,老师适当提示,让学生了解其背景。(出示幻灯片)(2)学生自由朗读,结合注释和背景理解诗词。(3)师生共同理解全词①先让学生齐读前三句,思考正确的语序,并用正常的语序解释。②品味第三到第十句,这里是教学的一个重点,要让学生先读,再理解,在此基础上训练学生的想象能力。③分析上阙中的最后三句。④小结上阙。提出了一个问题“谁主沉浮”让学生在文中找内容回答,然后转入下阙内容的分析。⑤分析下阙内容,回答“谁主沉浮”的问题,突出本文主旨5、描绘诗词形象:学生用自己的语言把上阙的内容生动地描绘出来。6、欣赏学生优秀作品。(根据时间具体而定,也可以作为课后作业)
“深入探究,把握主旨”这一步则是解决教学的重点难点,这里涉及到课文的深层意蕴,学生理解有难度,教师在通过问题引领学生探讨的基础上,还要适时启发、点拨,因为教学时间有限,让学生漫无边际的讨论,可能难以完成预定的教学任务,会使教学过程不完整。至于本文的写作特点的教学视时间而定,有时间可以让学生说一说,没有时间用小黑板出示一下,让学生了解就行,如果时间不够,甚至可以不讲。第三阶段是“延伸练习,巩固提高”。
(二)分析课文,理清思路第1、2段为第一部分,主要是叙事、写景,先叙述集会的时间、地点,然后渲染出兰亭优美的自然环境。在这里足以“游目骋怀”“极视听之娱”,可以自由地观察、思考,满足人们目视耳闻的需求。这里正是与会“畅叙幽情”、尽兴尽欢的绝好处所。这些描写都富有诗情画意,作者的情感是轻松愉快的。第3、4段为第二部分,主要是抒情、议论,作者由美景妙时引发出乐与忧、生与死的感慨。他认为人生的快乐是有极限的,待快乐得到满足时,就会感觉兴味索然。往事转眼间便成为历史,人到了生命的尽头就会死亡。作者由“一死生为虚诞,齐彭殇为妄作”的认识,产生了一种珍惜时间、眷恋生活、热爱文明的思考。虽然文中的寿夭、生死不能自由决定,从而有些伤感,但作者仍然认识到盛衰、生死是必然的。人生无常,时不我待,故著文留传后世,以承袭前人,启示来者。
明确:(1)结绳记事说。原始记事的一种方法。人类在没有发明文字或文字使用尚不普遍时,常用在绳索或类似物件上打结的方法记录数字,表达某种意思,用以传达信息,处理事件。 (2)书画说。(3)仓颉造字说。中国自古就有仓颉造字之说。文字的发明是人类发展史上一件石破天惊的大事,它将人们的思维、语言、经验以及复杂的社会现象记录下来,使文化得以传播交流、世代传承。2、汉字的形体:中华民族五千年的历史中,汉字的演变,从甲骨文--金文--大篆--小篆--隶书--草书--楷书--行书,字形由象形到点横竖撇捺的方块字,经历了漫长的岁月。其中凝聚着民族的智慧,也体现出汉字逐步完善的过程,凸显其方方正正、四平八稳的特点。汉字又是一种文化的体现,那些经过艺术处理的汉字或跳起了拉丁舞、有的如同酒醉的成龙打起了醉拳,更是让我们感到的是在欣赏汉字在纸张上跳舞,所以:书法是“纸上的舞蹈”。请大家看到书上的相关内容,注意每一种形体的汉字的载体是什么,其功能又有什么不一样。
探究、讨论、交流:1、包弟讨人喜欢,作者却不得不将它送走,为什么?2、送走包弟后,作者为什么先是感觉轻松,随后觉得沉重?3、“您的小狗怎样?”这句话反复出现,有什么用意?4、“整整十三年零五个月过去了”“整整”一词有什么作用?5、“满园的创伤使我的心仿佛又给放在油锅里熬煎”这句话如何理解?6、“我怀念包弟,我想向它表示歉意。”如何理解?学生各抒己见后教师结合材料发表看法明确总结特别是最后一个问题得出作者这发之心底的语言,不仅仅是歉意,更是发自灵魂深处的忏悔!是对生命的尊重,是一个有良知的作家对反省历史的呼号。第三环节“认识你自己”——忏悔意识与我引导学生正视和反省成长过程中曾犯下过错。并布置课后作业:要求学生课后在本周随笔中谈反省忏悔后的感受。
4、本文的重点是说辞,虽仅百余字,却委婉曲折,步步进逼,层层深入,表现出高超的劝说艺术、游说技巧。让学生细细品味并概括说辞中包含几层意思。第一层(“秦、晋围郑,郑既知亡矣”),分析形势,以退为进,博得好感。第二层(“若亡郑而有益于君”至“君之薄也”),亡郑陪邻,动摇联盟。第三层(“若舍郑以为东道主”至“君亦无所害”),存郑有益,利益引诱。第四层(“且君尝为晋君赐矣”至“唯君图之”),追溯历史,深入离间。可见烛之武面对大国的君主,巧舌如簧,不卑不亢,从容辞令,既不刺激对方也不失本国尊严,语言的分寸掌握得恰到好处。表现出烛之武机智善辩的外交才能。5、面对风云突变的局势,晋侯没有感情用事,而表现了清醒的头脑和理智的判断。这种隐忍不发、随机应变的胸怀和谋略,正是晋文公终成霸业的根本原因。设计意图:本环节的重点是全面把握烛之武这一人物性格特征,以及退秦师过程中体现出的非凡的胆识以及高超的谋略和语言艺术。
[教学反思]人教版高中语文必修二第三单元安排了《兰亭集序》《赤壁赋》《游褒禅山记》三篇古代山水游记散文,它们借游赏之事,探索生命的意义、治学的道理。师者,所以传道、授业、解惑也。高中的教材选用的都是历史经典名篇,每一篇都闪烁着儒道释等百家光辉的思想。编者要老师传道的意图很明显。即非如此,看着这些影响历代、影响世界的如日月之耀眼光华的伟大思想就躺在我们的教科书里,又如何能不讲呢?所以,我将本课的教学重难点拟定为:帮助学生建立积极的生死观,掌握多角度看问题的正确的思想方法。当然,也让学生领会了融写景、抒情、说理于一炉的大家手法。整堂课各教学环节,环环相扣,过渡自然,读、思、议、写训练到位,而且全部围绕“生死观”展开,如一篇形散神不散的散文。
一、说教材《短歌行》是普通高中课程标准实验教科书必修(二)第二单元的一篇略读课文,本单元安排的是先秦到南北朝时期的诗歌。《短歌行》是著名政治家、军事家、文学家曹操的作品。诗中抓住“忧”字来写诗人为什么“忧”,如何解“忧”,从而表达希望能够招揽人才、完成统一天下的雄心壮志。所以本单元安排《短歌行》一诗,对学生全面了解曹操,感受曹操在短暂的人生中竭力创造伟业的气概。二、说学生我这一课的教学对象是高一学生。他们进入高中学习的时间只有三个多月,现在已经完成了必修(一)的学习。学习了现代诗歌单元,有了一定的诗歌学习基础,初步掌握了读诗的基本方法,但是还未能形成成熟的稳定的学习方式。同时,本单元学习是高中第一次接触古代诗歌,诗歌语言上的障碍和时间上的跨度对他们来说都是学习上的困难。因此教师要引导学生自主学习,合作学习,为他们设置新的学习情境,提供合作探究的机会。
学法指导:高一学生对文言文阅读已具备了一些基础知识和积累,但对如何学习文言文,还是一个新课题,因此教师应引导学生掌握学习方法,运用已有的知识框架同化新信息,建立新的智能,逐步走向独立学习的境界。一、引导学生利用课文注释,使用工具书自己翻译,必要时教师进行点拨、解难,培养自学能力。二、告诉学生翻译文言文要遵循的原则。三、调动学生思考、讨论、交流的积极性,教师适时点拨,培养学生发现问题、解决问题的能力。四、提示学生反复诵读课文,体会文章所阐述的道理。五、鼓励学生及时归纳学习文言文的方法,注意积累文言文知识。教学程序:教学本课可安排2课时。第一课时:1、导入新课:首先给学生介绍毛泽东的七绝诗《为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》:“暮色苍茫看劲松,乱云飞渡仍从容。天生一个仙人洞,无限风光在险峰。”学生通过诵读领会了“无限风光在险峰”一句的含义。随后因势利导,引出课题,指出今天我们要学习的王安石的《游褒禅山记》,就含有类似的深邃哲理。
一、导入新课人类社会越来越现代化,新科学技术日新月异,令人目不暇接,称之到了“知识爆炸”的时代也毫不为过。由此而来的是生活的快节奏,学习和工作的竞争也越来越激烈。这种竞争一直波及到了儿童,加之中国几千年来形成的望子成龙的传统观念,使作父母的把一切希望都寄托在孩子身上,实现自己未能实现的理想。祖孙三代4、2、1的局面,使12只眼睛都盯在了孩子身上,真是走路怕摔着,吃饭怕噎着,干活怕累着,要星星不敢摘月亮,要吃什么跑遍全城也要买来。这种过分保护、溺爱及过早地灌输知识会得到什么结果呢?乐观者说孩子越来越聪明,越来越早熟,将来能更好适应现代化的要求;悲观者则认为豆芽菜式的孩子将来经不起风浪,小皇帝太多了很难凝聚成统一力量,将来谁去当兵,谁去干那些艰苦创业性工作……。对孩子本身来说,是幸福还是……在此不想多发议论,还是让我们来看看动物世界的孩子们吧,也许会得到某种启迪。
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