⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
Step 3 Meaning1. 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should +动词原形”构成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。2. was/were going to+动词原形: 表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作, 常用于口语中, 表示预言、意图或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用来表示即将发生的动作, “刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾计划做某事”, 如果表示“本来计划做某事, 动作没实现”, 则需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等动词的过去进行时: 表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was coming later. 她随后就来。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
探究点三:列一元一次方程解应用题某单位计划“五一”期间组织职工到东湖旅游,如果单独租用40座的客车若干辆则刚好坐满;如果租用50座的客车则可以少租一辆,并且有40个剩余座位.(1)该单位参加旅游的职工有多少人?(2)如同时租用这两种客车若干辆,问有无可能使每辆车刚好坐满?如有可能,两种车各租多少辆?(此问可只写结果,不写分析过程)解析:(1)先设该单位参加旅游的职工有x人,利用人数不变,车的辆数相差1,可列出一元一次方程求解;(2)可根据租用两种汽车时,利用假设一种车的数量,进而得出另一种车的数量求出即可.解:(1)设该单位参加旅游的职工有x人,由题意得方程x40-x+4050=1,解得x=360,答:该单位参加旅游的职工有360人;(2)有可能,因为租用4辆40座的客车、4辆50座的客车刚好可以坐360人,正好坐满.方法总结:解题关键是要读懂题目的意思,根据题目给出的条件,找出合适的等量关系,列出方程再求解.
判断下面抽样调查选取样本的方法是否合适:(1)检查某啤酒厂即将出厂的啤酒质量情况,先随机抽取若干箱(捆),再在抽取的每箱(捆)中,随机抽取1~2瓶检查;(2)通过网上问卷调查方式,了解百姓对央视春节晚会的评价;(3)调查某市中小学生学习负担的状况,在该市每所小学的每个班级选取一名学生,进行问卷调查;(4)教育部为了调查中小学乱收费情况,调查了某市所有中小学生.解析:本题应看样本是否为简单随机样本,是否具有代表性.解:(1)合适,这是一种随机抽样的方法,样本为简单随机样本.(2)不合适,我国农村人口众多,多数农民是不上网的,所以调查的对象在总体中不具有代表性.(3)不合适,选取的样本中个体太少.(4)不合适,样本虽然足够大,但遗漏了其他城市里的这些群体,应在全国范围内分层选取样本,除了上述原因外,每班的学生全部作为样本是没有必要的.
解析:当截面与轴截面平行时,得到的截面的形状为长方形;当截面与轴截面斜交时,得到的截面的形状是椭圆;当截面与轴截面垂直时,得到的截面的形状是圆,所以截面的形状不可能是三角形.故选A.方法总结:用平面去截圆柱时,常见的截面有圆、椭圆、长方形、类似于梯形、类似于拱形等.探究点三:截圆锥问题一竖直平面经过圆锥的顶点截圆锥,所得到的截面形状与下图中相同的是()解析:经过圆锥顶点的平面与圆锥的侧面和底面截得的都是一条线.如图,由图可知得到的截面是一个等腰三角形.故选B.方法总结:用平面去截圆锥,截面的形状可能是三角形、圆、椭圆等.三、板书设计教学过程中,强调学生自主探索和合作交流,经历操作、抽象、归纳、积累等思维过程,从中获得数学知识与技能,发展空间观念和动手操作能力,同时升华学生的情感态度和价值观.
解:设每张300元的门票买了x张,则每张400元的门票买了(8-x)张,由题意得300x+400×(8-x)=2700,解得x=5,∴买400元每张的门票张数为8-5=3(张).答:每张300元的门票买了5张,每张400元的门票买了3张.方法总结:解题的关键是熟练掌握列方程解应用题的一般步骤:①根据题意找出等量关系;②列出方程;③解方程;④作答.三、板书设计本节课的教学先让学生回顾上一节所学的知识,复习巩固方程的解法,让学生进一步明白解方程的步骤是逐渐发展的,后面的步骤是在前面步骤的基础上发展而成的.然后通过一个实际问题,列出一个有括号的方程,大胆放手让学生去探索、猜想各种解法,去尝试各种解题的途径,启发学生在化归思想影响下想到要去括号.
(1)依照此规律,第20个图形共有几个五角星?(2)摆成第n个图形需要几个五角星?(3)摆成第2015个图形需要几个五角星?解析:通过观察已知图形可得:每个图形都比其前一个图形多3个五角星,根据此规律即可解答.解:(1)根据题意得,第1个图中,五角星有3个(3×1);第2个图中,五角星有6个(3×2);第3个图中,五角星有9个(3×3);第4个图中,五角星有12个(3×4);∴第n个图中有五角星3n个.∴第20个图中五角星有3×20=60个.(2)摆成第n个图形需要五角星3n个.(3)摆成第2015个图形需要6045个五角星.方法总结:此题首先要结合图形具体数出几个值,注意由特殊到一般的分析方法.此题的规律为摆成第n个图形需要3n个五角星.三、板书设计教学过程中,强调学生自主探索和合作交流,经历观察、操作、验证、归纳、分析、猜想、抽象、积累、类比、转化等思维过程,从中获得数学知识与技能,体验教学活动的方法,同时升华学生的情感态度和价值观.
解析:可以根据线段的定义写出所有的线段即可得解;也可以先找出端点的个数,然后利用公式n(n-1)2进行计算.方法一:图中线段有:AB、AC、AD、AE、BC、BD、BE、CD、CE、DE;共4+3+2+1=10条;方法二:共有A、B、C、D、E五个端点,则线段的条数为5×(5-1)2=10条.故选C.方法总结:找线段时要按照一定的顺序做到不重不漏,若利用公式计算时则更加简便准确.【类型四】 线段、射线和直线的应用由郑州到北京的某一次往返列车,运行途中停靠的车站依次是:郑州——开封——商丘——菏泽——聊城——任丘——北京,那么要为这次列车制作的火车票有()A.6种 B.12种C.21种 D.42种解析:从郑州出发要经过6个车站,所以要制作6种车票;从开封出发要经过5个车站,所以要制作5种车票;从商丘出发要经过4个车站,所以要制作4种车票;从菏泽出发要经过3个车站,所以要制作3种车票;从聊城出发要经过2个车站,所以要制作2种车票;从任丘出发要经过1个车站,所以要制作1种车票.再考虑是往返列车,起点与终点不同,则车票不同,乘以2即可.即共需制作的车票数为:2×(6+5+4+3+2+1)=2×21=42种.故选D.
某文具店一支铅笔的售价为1.2元,一支圆珠笔的售价为2元.该店在“6·1儿童节”举行文具优惠售卖活动,铅笔按原价打8折出售,圆珠笔按原价打9折出售,结果两种笔共卖出60支,卖得金额87元.若设铅笔卖出x支,则依题意可列得的一元一次方程为( )A.1.2×0.8x+2×0.9(60+x)=87B.1.2×0.8x+2×0.9(60-x)=87C.2×0.9x+1.2×0.8(60+x)=87D.2×0.9x+1.2×0.8(60-x)=87解析:设铅笔卖出x支,根据“铅笔按原价打8折出售,圆珠笔按原价打9折出售,结果两种笔共卖出60支,卖得金额87元”,得出等量关系:x支铅笔的售价+(60-x)支圆珠笔的售价=87,据此列出方程为1.2×0.8x+2×0.9(60-x)=87.故选B.方法总结:解题的关键是读懂题意,设出未知数,找到题目当中的等量关系,最后列方程.三、板书设计教学过程中,通过对多种实际问题情境的分析,感受方程作为刻画现实世界有效模型的意义,通过观察、归纳一元一次方程的概念,使学生在分析实际问题情境的活动中体会数学与现实的密切联系.
方法总结:让利10%,即利润为原来的90%.探究点三:求原价某商场节日酬宾:全场8折.一种电器在这次酬宾活动中的利润率为10%,它的进价为2000元,那么它的原价为多少元?解析:本题中的利润为(2000×10%)元,销售价为(原价×80%)元,根据公式建立起方程即可.解:设原价为x元,根据题意,得80%x-2000=2000×10%.解得x=2750.答:它的原价为2750元.方法总结:典例关系:售价=进价+利润,售价=原价×打折数×0.1,售价=进价×(1+利润率).三、板书设计本节课从和我们的生活息息相关的利润问题入手,让学生在具体情境中感受到数学在生活实际中的应用,从而激发他们学习数学的兴趣.根据“实际售价=进价+利润”等数量关系列一元一次方程解决与打折销售有关的实际问题.审清题意,找出等量关系是解决问题的关键.另外,商品经济问题的题型很多,让学生触类旁通,达到举一反三,灵活的运用有关的公式解决实际问题,提高学生的数学能力.
解:(1)设x分钟后两人第一次相遇,由题意,得360x-240x=400.解得x=103.(103×360+103×240)÷400=5(圈).答:两人一共跑了5圈.(2)设x分钟后两人第一次相遇,由题意,得360x+240x=400.解得x=23(分钟)=40(秒).答:40秒后两人第一次相遇.方法总结:环形问题中的相等关系:两个人同地背向而行:相遇问题(首次相遇),甲的行程+乙的行程=一圈周长;两个人同地同向而行:追及问题(首次追上),甲的行程-乙的行程=一圈周长.三、板书设计追赶小明→行程问题→相遇问题追及问题环形问题教学过程中,通过对开放性问题的探讨与交流,体验生活中数学的应用与价值,感受数学与人类生活的密切联系,激发学生学习数学的兴趣,培养学生的创新意识、团队精神和克服困难的勇气.
用四舍五入法将下列各数按括号中的要求取近似数.(1)0.6328(精确到0.01);(2)7.9122(精确到个位);(3)47155(精确到百位);(4)130.06(精确到0.1);(5)4602.15(精确到千位).解析:(1)把千分位上的数字2四舍五入即可;(2)把十分位上的数字9四舍五入即可;(3)先用科学记数法表示,然后把十位上的数字5四舍五入即可;(4)把百分位上的数字6四舍五入即可;(5)先用科学记数法表示,然后把百位上的数字6四舍五入即可.解:(1)0.6328≈0.63(精确到0.01);(2)7.9122≈8(精确到个位);(3)47155≈4.72×104(精确到百位);(4)130.06≈130.1(精确到0.1);(5)4602.15≈5×103(精确到千位).方法总结:按精确度找出要保留的最后一个数位,再按下一个数位上的数四舍五入即可.三、板书设计教学过程中,强调学生自主探索和合作交流,经历观察、操作、归纳、积累等思维过程,从中获得数学知识与技能,体验教学活动的方法,发展推理能力,同时升华学生的情感态度和价值观.
方法总结:(1)若被开方数中含有负因数,则应先化成正因数,如(3)题.(2)将二次根式尽量化简,使被开方数(式)中不含能开得尽方的因数(因式),即化为最简二次根式(后面学到).探究点三:最简二次根式在二次根式8a,c9,a2+b2,a2中,最简二次根式共有()A.1个 B.2个C.3个 D.4个解析:8a中有因数4;c9中有分母9;a3中有因式a2.故最简二次根式只有a2+b2.故选A.方法总结:只需检验被开方数是否还有分母,是否还有能开得尽方的因数或因式.三、板书设计二次根式定义形如a(a≥0)的式子有意义的条件:a≥0性质:(a)2=a(a≥0),a2=a(a≥0)最简二次根式本节经历从具体实例到一般规律的探究过程,运用类比的方法,得出实数运算律和运算法则,使学生清楚新旧知识的区别和联系,加深学生对运算法则的理解,能否根据问题的特点,选择合理、简便的算法,能否确认结果的合理性等等.
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