本节课是新版教材人教A版普通高中课程标准实验教科书数学必修1第四章第4.4.1节《对数函数的概念》。对数函数是高中数学在指数函数之后的重要初等函数之一。对数函数与指数函数联系密切,无论是研究的思想方法方法还是图像及性质,都有其共通之处。相较于指数函数,对数函数的图象亦有其独特的美感。学习中让学生体会在类比推理,感受图像的变化,认识变化的规律,这是提高学生直观想象能力的一个重要的过程。为之后学习数学提供了更多角度的分析方法。培养学生逻辑推理、数学直观、数学抽象、和数学建模的核心素养。1、理解对数函数的定义,会求对数函数的定义域;2、了解对数函数与指数函数之间的联系,培养学生观察问题、分析问题和归纳问题的思维能力以及数学交流能力;渗透类比等基本数学思想方法。3、在学习对数函数过程中,使学生学会认识事物的特殊性与一般性之间的关系,培养数学应用的意识,感受数学、理解数学、探索数学,提高学习数学的兴趣。
对数函数与指数函数是相通的,本节在已经学习指数函数的基础上通过实例总结归纳对数函数的概念,通过函数的形式与特征解决一些与对数函数有关的问题.课程目标1、通过实际问题了解对数函数的实际背景;2、掌握对数函数的概念,并会判断一些函数是否是对数函数. 数学学科素养1.数学抽象:对数函数的概念;2.逻辑推理:用待定系数法求函数解析式及解析值;3.数学运算:利用对数函数的概念求参数;4.数学建模:通过由抽象到具体,由具体到一般的思想总结对数函数概念.重点:理解对数函数的概念和意义;难点:理解对数函数的概念.教学方法:以学生为主体,采用诱思探究式教学,精讲多练。教学工具:多媒体。一、 情景导入我们已经研究了死亡生物体内碳14的含量y随死亡时间x的变化而衰减的规律.反过来,已知死亡生物体内碳14的含量,如何得知死亡了多长时间呢?进一步地,死亡时间t是碳14的含量y的函数吗?
本节课是新版教材人教A版普通高中课程标准实验教科书数学必修1第四章第4.4.2节《对数函数的图像和性质》 是高中数学在指数函数之后的重要初等函数之一。对数函数与指数函数联系密切,无论是研究的思想方法方法还是图像及性质,都有其共通之处。相较于指数函数,对数函数的图象亦有其独特的美感。在类比推理的过程中,感受图像的变化,认识变化的规律,这是提高学生直观想象能力的一个重要的过程。为之后学习数学提供了更多角度的分析方法。培养和发展学生逻辑推理、数学直观、数学抽象、和数学建模的核心素养。1、掌握对数函数的图像和性质;能利用对数函数的图像与性质来解决简单问题;2、经过探究对数函数的图像和性质,对数函数与指数函数图像之间的联系,对数函数内部的的联系。培养学生观察问题、分析问题和归纳问题的思维能力以及数学交流能力;渗透类比等基本数学思想方法。
由于三角函数是刻画周期变化现象的数学模型,这也是三角函数不同于其他类型函数的最重要的地方,而且对于周期函数,我们只要认识清楚它在一个周期的区间上的性质,那么它的性质也就完全清楚了,因此本节课利用单位圆中的三角函数的定义、三角函数值之间的内在联系性等来作图,从画出的图形中观察得出五个关键点,得到“五点法”画正弦函数、余弦函数的简图.课程目标1.掌握“五点法”画正弦曲线和余弦曲线的步骤和方法,能用“五点法”作出简单的正弦、余弦曲线.2.理解正弦曲线与余弦曲线之间的联系. 数学学科素养1.数学抽象:正弦曲线与余弦曲线的概念; 2.逻辑推理:正弦曲线与余弦曲线的联系; 3.直观想象:正弦函数余弦函数的图像; 4.数学运算:五点作图; 5.数学建模:通过正弦、余弦图象图像,解决不等式问题及零点问题,这正是数形结合思想方法的应用.
本节课是正弦函数、余弦函数图像的继续,本课是正弦曲线、余弦曲线这两种曲线的特点得出正弦函数、余弦函数的性质. 课程目标1.了解周期函数与最小正周期的意义;2.了解三角函数的周期性和奇偶性;3.会利用周期性定义和诱导公式求简单三角函数的周期;4.借助图象直观理解正、余弦函数在[0,2π]上的性质(单调性、最值、图象与x轴的交点等);5.能利用性质解决一些简单问题. 数学学科素养1.数学抽象:理解周期函数、周期、最小正周期等的含义; 2.逻辑推理: 求正弦、余弦形函数的单调区间;3.数学运算:利用性质求周期、比较大小、最值、值域及判断奇偶性.4.数学建模:让学生借助数形结合的思想,通过图像探究正、余弦函数的性质.重点:通过正弦曲线、余弦曲线这两种曲线探究正弦函数、余弦函数的性质; 难点:应用正、余弦函数的性质来求含有cosx,sinx的函数的单调性、最值、值域及对称性.
指数函数与幂函数是相通的,本节在已经学习幂函数的基础上通过实例总结归纳指数函数的概念,通过函数的三个特征解决一些与函数概念有关的问题.课程目标1、通过实际问题了解指数函数的实际背景;2、理解指数函数的概念和意义.数学学科素养1.数学抽象:指数函数的概念;2.逻辑推理:用待定系数法求函数解析式及解析值;3.数学运算:利用指数函数的概念求参数;4.数学建模:通过由抽象到具体,由具体到一般的思想总结指数函数概念.重点:理解指数函数的概念和意义;难点:理解指数函数的概念.教学方法:以学生为主体,采用诱思探究式教学,精讲多练。教学工具:多媒体。一、 情景导入在本章的开头,问题(1)中时间 与GDP值中的 ,请问这两个函数有什么共同特征.要求:让学生自由发言,教师不做判断。而是引导学生进一步观察.研探.
【教学目标】 1.理解人口数量在社会的发展过程中的变化趋势,并能一一解释其原因;2.理解发达国家和发展中国家人口增长的差异和成因,并理解不同国家有不同的人口政策;3.运用图表分析世界人口增长模式的特点,并比较人口增长模式的时间和空间的差异;4.通过学习,能读懂并分析人口增长坐标图;同时能辩证地认识人口增长的不同状况采取的人口政策也不同。【教学重、难点及解决办法] 】重点:分析并比较人口增长模式在时间和空间上的差异难点:理解人口增长模式的三个指标解决方法:读图分析比较法 调查研究法 案例分析法 自主学习与合作探究 【教学准备】多媒体课件缺勤登记:【板书设计】第一节人口数量的变化第一节 人口数量的变化一、人口的自然增长(一)人口在数量变化在时间上是不均匀的(二)世界人口增长在空间上的差异——不均衡二、人口的增长模式及其转变
我是在学校发出倡议后主动报名的,后来经过学校的开会培训后,于4月11日正式上岗。那天正好是三年级第一批家长义工第一天上岗值勤。我知道家长义工意味着责任和义务,于是提前四五十分钟就到校了。之前因为经常参加家长讲堂活动,女儿的同学们都认识我了,我也能叫出大部分孩子的名字了。所以一进女儿教室,孩子们就热情的围住我,有礼貌问好的,有好奇问东问西的。我摸摸孩子们的头,微笑着边回答问题,边让小鸟一样叽叽喳喳的他们安静下来,让他们拿出书开始早读。然后我到年纪组长杨老师那里领了红袖章签了名后,听她交代了一些注意事项,就兴奋的上岗了。
XX年秋季开学第一周国旗下讲话稿:《新学期新气象》老师们、同学们:大家好!今天我国旗下演讲的题目是《新学期新气象》新学期,对于我们每个人来说都将开启新的希望,承载新的梦想。站在新的起点上,大家是否已整装待发,准备好踏上新的征程?无论是踌躇满志,心中向往一片天地;还是厚积薄发,立志成为一匹黑马,相信各位定是胸怀大志,心有不凡。而即将开启的旅程,将是证明我们自身的最好机会!高一的同学们,你们若是怀揣梦想,一中便会是你圆梦的舞台,但没有什么成功是一蹴而就的。俗话说,良好的开端等于成功的一半。立下目标,并将自己最大的热情投身其中。要惜时,专心,善思,脚踏实地,一步一个脚印,夯实基础,适当拔高。兵家云:“知己知彼,百战不殆。”相信你们一定能尽快融入到一中优秀的学习环境中并更加优秀!高二的同学们,我们已经褪去了高一时的青涩,更加理智,更加成熟。高二是最关键的一年,也是最容易被忽视的一年。要时刻提醒自己,离最终的华山论剑已不再遥远。
老师、同学们:带着往日的不舍与留恋,我们走进了XX年春季学期。新的一年开启新的希望,新的空白承载新的梦想。为了让我们的梦想能成为现实,在这里,我代表学校给同学们提几点希望和要求:第一,树立一个信心:我能我行 自信心对我们的学习很重要。我们读书学习,需要有决心、有信心、有行动。在这儿要送大家三句话:“相信自己,我能成功!鼓励自己,天天成功!超越自己,一定成功!”第二,创立一种学风:认真刻苦新学期开始,我们要在全班创立一种优良的学习风气。凡事从“认真”开始,认认真真地读书,认认真真地上课,认认真真地做作业。学业成功的过程离不开勤奋和刻苦。第三,培养一个习惯:自觉自愿
开门见山,免去了君臣相见的繁文缛节的叙述;“齐人三鼓”一句,就包括了齐军的第一次和第二次击鼓进击而鲁军未出击的过程,也写出了齐军依仗数量上的优势企图取胜的急切心理;两个“可矣”写出了鲁军进军的情况;“辙乱”“旗靡”四个字就概括了齐军溃败的具体情况。文章抛开残酷的战争场面,无一字描写,仅一个“齐师败绩”写明战争结果。多四字句,如“曹刿请见”“牺牲玉帛”“一鼓作气”等,读来典雅端庄,辞约而意丰,言简而意明。疑难探究1.如何理解曹刿以平民身份而主动“论战”的行为?曹刿堪称中国古代平民政治家与军事家。他只是鲁国的一介平民,并非“肉食者”,本无机会参与国家大事的商讨和实施。但他凭借着一颗赤诚的爱国之心,积极参与抵御外敌入侵的政治谋划与军事行动,并创造了以弱胜强的战争奇迹。2.请试着从曹刿、鲁庄公、战争这三个角度分别用四个字对文章每一段内容进行概括。从曹刿的角度可以概括为:曹刿论战—曹刿参战—曹刿释疑。从鲁庄公的角度可以概括为:庄公将战—庄公实战—庄公问因。从战争的角度可以概括为:战前准备—战争过程—战胜原因。
词人如此有违常规,造成了一种拗峭不凡的气势,词意更加纵横驰骋,抒情更加酣畅淋漓。2.如何理解《满江红》(小住京华)中的“俗子”?从这首词的语境来看,“俗子”当指词人的丈夫。这与“八年风味”的婚姻反思,与“青衫湿”的悲情是前后呼应的。秋瑾在后来写的一首《沁园春》中说:“有多少,遇王郎天壤,辜负才华。”在长篇弹词《精卫石》中说:“道韫文章男不及,偏遇个天壤王郎冤不冤。”这些词句,都是借谢道韫所嫁非人,间接抒发了她对婚姻的失望。王郎天壤(天壤王郎),是谢道韫鄙薄她丈夫王凝之的话,出自《世说新语·贤媛》:“一门叔父,则有阿大、中郎;群从兄弟,则有封、胡、遏、末,不意天壤之中,乃有王郎!”当然,从广义上理解,这首词中的“俗人”,也可泛指世俗之人。秋瑾到日本后写的《鹧鸪天》词中,有“祖国沉沦感不禁,闲来海外觅知音”的词句,可见“觅知音”意指寻求救国之道,不一定指个人的情感问题。
(1)看题目。题目中蕴含着诸多信息,如时间、地点、人物、事件以及诗人的心情、诗歌的意境、诗歌的类型等。抓住这一切入点,有助于我们理解诗歌的思想感情。(2)看作者。作品是作者思想情感的具体化,所以,要准确理解诗词,把握作品的思想感情,就不能脱离作者孤立地臆断。作者的生平、写作风格、思想等等,无不影响着作者的情绪,所以,在鉴赏作品时,首先要了解作者的相关背景等。(3)看时代。把握时代风貌特征,把诗歌放在时代背景下评析,才能准确领悟其蕴含的思想感情。(4)看意象。诗歌的创作讲究含蓄、凝练。诗人的抒情往往不是情感的直接流露,而是注重弦外之音、言外之意。写景则借景抒情,咏物则托物言志。因此意象也就是作者的主观感情与客观物象的完美结合,是诗人情感显现的载体。把握诗中的意象,就能参悟意境,理解诗中蕴含的情感。
预设 对比与映衬、渲染与烘托。由于文章始终是在人物对话中展开的,人物语言和行为遵循“刺激—反应”模式平行而下,自然形成了对比,造成了映衬互见的效果。如围绕易地问题,就有秦王的欲求与安陵君的坚守,有秦王的无理狡辩与唐雎的据理抗争;在意志较量方面,则有“天子之怒”与“布衣之怒”的对垒。秦王所说的“天子之怒”,唐雎的“未尝闻”;唐雎所说的“布衣之怒”,秦王归之于“免冠徒跣,以头抢地”。一个拒绝回答,非常傲气;一个丑化描述,极为轻蔑。这样,人物形象对比鲜明,相互衬托,将一场正义与非正义的较量真实而生动地展现出来。作者为了追求夸张、强化的效果,多借助人物语言渲染气势、烘托气氛,增强故事的“现场感”。如秦王说“灭韩亡魏”,目的是从气势上压倒对手;唐雎罗列刺客的壮举,也表明了血拼到底的气概。秦王先说“灭韩亡魏”,气势夺人;后说“韩、魏灭亡”,辞格已卑。这些生动的描写,极大地凸显了人物性格。
第二,《战国策》描写人物的性格和活动更加具体细致,也就更显得生动活泼。《左传》描写人物,大抵是简笔勾勒。第三,《战国策》所记的策士说辞,常常引用生动的寓言故事,这也是以文学手段帮助说理的方法。这些寓言,形象鲜明,寓意深刻,又浅显易懂,独立地看也是中国文学宝库中的璀璨明珠。疑难探究除了高超的语言艺术,邹忌劝谏成功还有哪些重要因素?除了高超的语言艺术,邹忌能劝谏成功,还有其他重要的因素。比如:这也与邹忌善于思考、分析的个性和他的担当、责任意识相关。邹忌关心国家大事,一心想寻找恰当时机劝谏齐王。他在生活中经历了“比美”经历,能够深入思考、分析,体察各人的情状心理,并敏锐地由个人体验联系到国家大事,想到齐王所受之蔽,于是果断地进行劝谏。这也离不开齐王广开言路的胸襟和果断行事的理政智慧。齐王听了邹忌的劝谏,马上“下令”,并且分上、中、下三种不同层面赏赐,立刻实施,表现出一位贤明君主的特点。
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
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