The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时,以及by、before后面接过去的时间时,主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中,条件句表示与过去事实相反,且主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示,我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话,我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会,你就会见到他的。
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
最后,也借这个机会,向大家三点工作的要求:1.要始终秉持教学第一位的本位意识思政教育、专业教育、XX教育、知行教育、实践教育、工程教育,这些所有的模块构成了我们学校人才培养体系,大家要始终秉持教学本位的理念,深刻研判国家、社会、学校人才培养的新形势和新要求,不断探索前沿高等教育先进的教学理念和教学方法,持续推进我校教育体系的完善与创新。2.XX教育应加强团队协作XX教育建设并非闭门造车,我们在新工科新文科协同发展理念引导下,大力扶持文理渗透、理工交融的学科交叉融合,整合校内多学科资源,建立开放、共享、交叉、融合的XX教育课程体系,这已成为我们学校XX教育建设导向,所以更需要大家加强团队协作,体现产教融合科教融汇、有组织科研有组织教研的一些集中成果。3.认真践行课堂革命教学改革
4、实际生活中的应用。提问学生:小数点位置移动引起小数大小的变化这规律在学习和生活有什么应用?(让学生思考在学习中,点错小数点的位置,小数的大小就不一样了。如果在银行统计时点错右漏写小数点会怎样?)教育学生做事认真细心。(四)小结质疑,自我评价这节课我们学习了什么?小数点位置移动引起小数大小的变化规律是怎样的?质疑:对今天的学习还有什么疑问吗?(培养学生敢于质疑,勇于创新的精神)评价:首先自评,学生对自己学得怎样,用什么方法学习,印象最深的内容是什么进行评介。接着可以生生互评或师生互评,教师重点表扬大部分学得好的同学或全班的同学,增强学生的自信心和荣誉感,使他们更加热爱数学。(五)作业布置:1、回忆一遍操作探索发现规律的整个过程,进一步培养学生良好的学习方法和习惯。2、预习97页,例2和例3,做书上98页练习第三题。
(4)验算师:小数加减计算很轻易出错,你有什么方法检验计算的结果?(假如有困难,教师再提示一下)(三)巩固应用、内化提高 刚才的学生刚刚体会到了成功的喜悦,在此基础上,我安排了三个层次的练习。1. 基本练习,出几道直接写得数的一位小数加减法的题,让学生掌握本课的基础知识。2. 综合练习,是课后做一做1,巩固新知识,发展学生思维的机智性与灵活性。3. 提高练习,课后做一做2这是小数加减法的两步应用题,这样既培养了学生运用知识的能力,有培养了学生的创新能力。【设计意图】这样的练习的设计有密度,有坡度,形式多样,而且具有层次性。不仅巩固了学生的计算能力,而且还培养了学生的应用能力。在这个环节中,还让学生开展了自我评价、生生互评等。大大提高了学生学习的积极性。(四)回顾整理,反思提升通过今天的学习,你都有哪些收获?
1.揭示课题那么,这个运算定律是否对分数加法也适用呢?现在我们就来研究这个问题。板书课题:整数加法运算定律推广到分数加法。2.研究运算定律对分数加法的适用性出示式题:提问:上面每组算式的左右两边有什么关系?得数是否相等?先指名学生练习,算出得数后,再引导学生观察。提问:这两组试题有何共同之处?组织学生开展小组讨论,共同概括总结出他们的共同点,得出规律性的认识,从而使学生体会到整数加法运算定律,对分数加法同样适用。通过讨论明确:加法的交换律、结合律中的数,既包括了整数,又包括了小数和分数。【设计意图】通过具体的实践活动,直观感知了加法运算定律同样也适用于分数加法。这种通过自己实践得来的东西,学生理解得更透,掌握得更牢。
“整数乘法运算定律推广到小数乘法”是在学生已经掌握了小数乘法计算、整数乘法运算定律的基础上进行教学的。教材通过几组算式,让学生计算出○的左右两边算式的得数,找出它们的相等关系,总结出整数的运算定律对小数同样适用。学好这部分内容,不仅培养学生的逻辑思维能力,而且以后能用本课所学的使一些小数的计算简便,也为以后学习用不同方法解答应用题起着积极的推动作用。2、教学目标的确定:根据教材特点,依据数学课程标准的要求及学生实际,我确定本课教学目标如下:(1)知识能力目标:理解整数乘法运算定律对于小数乘法用样适用,并能应用这些定律进行一些简便计算。(2)过程方法目标:引导学生在经历猜想、验证等数学活动中,发展学生的思维能力。(3)情感态度目标:通过小组合作学习,培养学生进行交流的能力与合作意识,体验到解决问题策略的多样性。结合相关内容,渗透“事物间是普遍联系”的观点,对学生进行辨证唯物主义的启蒙教育。
二、以人为本,说策略。《数学课程标准》指出:“数学教学要紧密联系学生的生活实际,从学生的生活经验和已有的知识出发……”因此,结合本课教材特点、学生实际情况,我采取小组合作学习,引导学生应用学过的分数、小数互化的知识进行迁移、类推,学习新知识。同时,让学生在尝试探究的积极活动中获取新知,发展能力。三、以探为主,说流程。课堂教学是学生数学知识的获得、技能技巧的形成、智力、能力的发展以及思想品德的养成的主要途径。为了达到预期的教学目标,我对整个教学过程进行了系统地规划,遵循目标性、整体性、启发性、主体性等一系列原则进行教学设计。设计了以下几个主要的教学程序:(一)设疑激趣,引入课题。“兴趣是最好的老师”,为了激发学生的学习兴趣,课一开始,我设计了一个童话故事,在故事中设计了帮助主人公比较2/5、42%、0.45的问题,然后引出课题。
(四)巩固新知,拓展应用。1、让练习变得生动有趣。一节数学课,练习的设计也是不容忽视的重要环节,针对低年级学生的特点,我设计的习题具有一定的趣味性并与生活息息相关。把竖式修改变成了森林医生,看谁能帮助森林医生找到大树的病因,医好大树的病。以此来激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学生的计算能力2、(爱心小行动),学生给小动物找家,引导学生独立思考发现只要小动物身上的数字卡片和房子的算式得数相同,小动物就可以回家了。但是有一个多余信息只有一只小兔没有家,怎么办呢?我因势利导,学生纷纷帮它设计很多家。充分发挥了孩子的创造力、想象力,只要算式的结果是14,教师就给予肯定。这一开放有趣的练习不仅使计算方法得到灵活运用,同时培养学生助人为乐的好品质。3、接下来,我们来玩一个乘车游戏,游戏规则可要听清楚啦:待会儿,大屏幕上开出几号车,你手中算式卡片的得数正好等于这辆车的车号,你就赶快上台来乘车。
说教材:北师大版数学一年级下册第三单元“生活中的数”第五课时小小养殖场。本单元是结合生活实际,理解多一些、多得多、少一些、少得多的含义。使学生能在具体情境中把握数的相对大小关系,发展学生的数感。说教学目标:1.结合生活实际,理解多一些、多得多、少一些、少得多的含义。2.使学生能在具体情境中把握数的相对大小关系,发展学生的数感。说重点、难点结合实践经验,理解“多一些,多得多,少一些,少得多,差不多”的含义说教法与学法:本节课要让学生在已有经验的基础上让学生获得体验和理解。结合一年级学生活泼好动、求知欲强和本节课学习素材的特点,实现转变教学方式和学生的学习方式,体现学生为主体,教师为主导的教学原则,我设计了以下的教法和学法,既重视选择灵活的教法,又注重对学生学法的指导。
(1)喜欢哪种动物的人最多?(2)一共有多少人投票?(3)下面哪一组和上图所表示的数据完全一样?2、发货的工厂给我们推荐了几款比较受欢迎的鞋子,这里有一些调查的数据,你准备采用什么方法来决定这几种款式要进的数量?做一做!(先独立完成再与同伴交流自己的方法)(设计理念:通过本节课创设的情景,很自然地引出一个习题和课下作业,并不是很生硬地为了练习而练习,而是让学生感受到现实存在的问题需要利用所学的知识去解决,这样不仅能巩固所学知识,还能让学生再次体会统计的必要性。)说板书设计:板书设计在教学中起到了画龙点睛的作用,因此,我设计概括点拨式的板书来归纳本节课的中心内容,这样设计层次分明、重点突出,有利于巩固学生对新知识的掌握。
2.三角形的分类。师:你能给三角形按照不同的标准进行分类吗?生用自己喜欢的方式整理分类,然后汇报:生:三角形按角分为锐角三角形、直角三角形、钝角三角形。师:什么是锐角三角形、直角三角形、钝角三角形?生:三个角都是锐角的三角形叫做锐角三角形;有一个角是直角的三角形叫做直角三角形;有一个角是钝角的三角形叫做钝角三角形。生:三角形按边分为不等边三角形(三条边都不相等)、等腰三角形(等边三角形) 等腰三角形的两条边相等,等边三角形的三条边都相等。3.四边形分类。师:你能给四边形分类吗?生:四边形分为平行四边形和梯形;平行四边形包括长方形和正方形,长方形又包括正方形;梯形包括等腰梯形和直角梯形。4.直线、射线和线段的关系。小组内互相交流,然后汇报:
(一)观图激趣、设疑导入 出示课件的第二张幻灯片。师:请说出与老师相反的词语或句子。向上看。向东走50米。小维在知识竞赛中赢了20分。小明在银行存入300元钱。零上10℃。生:……。师:这就是我们今天要学习的负数。板书:负数(二)探究新知1、出示课件的第三张幻灯片。师:请大家仔细观察上图,你发现什么问题?学生以小组为单位交流。学生以小组为单位汇报交流结果。生:0℃表示什么意思呢?生:3℃和-3℃表示的意思一样吗?师:小组内交流解决上述问题。学生以小组为单位探究交流。学生以小组为单位汇报探究交流结果。老师对学生汇报给予适当的评价。老师课件出示答案。师:0℃表示淡水结冰的温度,比0℃低的温度叫零下温度,通常在数字前加“-”(负号),如-3 ℃表示零下3摄氏度,读作负三摄氏度;比0℃高的温度叫零上温度,在数字前加“+”(正号),一般情况下可省略不写:如+3℃表示零上三摄氏度,读作正三摄氏度,也可以写成3℃,读作三摄氏度。
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