1.富贵不能淫,贫贱不能移,威武不能屈。此之谓大丈夫。(孟子)2.生命诚可贵,爱情价更高。若为自由故,二者皆可抛。(裴多菲)3.人生自古谁无死,留取丹心照汗青。(文天祥)预设 义的价值高于生命,人应该有舍生取义的精神,这一观点在“上下交征利”的战国时代有积极作用,对后世知识分子的精神修养也有相当的影响。如苏武、岳飞、邓世昌、朱自清、闻一多等。随着时代的发展,“义”的内涵发生了变化。我们现在所说的“义”是指社会正义,“利”指一己之私利,当面对这两者难全的时候,我们应该坚持社会正义。结束语:孟子提倡的“舍生取义”和孔子提倡的“杀身成仁”,一起成为儒家道德的最高标准,同时也激励着历代仁人志士为祖国贡献出最大的力量。孟子由口腹之欲推衍到道德之美的独特论证方法,化抽象为形象,便于理解,令人深思,我们在以后的写作过程中,可以借鉴这种手法。
预设 大困难是由小困难组成的,小困难是不难战胜的,一步一步战胜了小困难,最后就能战胜大的困难。当然,重要的还在于走好每一步,一步一步坚持不懈地走下去。在人生道路上,面对困难,“走一步,再走一步”这种人生经验,给人以战胜一切艰难险阻的信心。结束语:古语说得好,“宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来”。人的一生少不了经受挫折与磨难,但也正是在战胜困难的经历中,我们的人生才变得充实而有意义。当我们面对困难时,鼓起勇气,大声地对自己说:“走一步,再走一步。”【设计意图】本环节巧妙运用课文批注,引发学生思考,并引导学生结合自己的生活体验,从几个角度,开放性探讨获得的人生启示,让学生在轻松的氛围中,获得启示,启迪他们在生活中去运用这些人生经验,战胜困难。
整体感知 齐诵诗歌,说说这首诗歌紧扣“土地”,作了哪些形象性的描述。 【交流点拨】点出土地情结。起始两句,诗人对土地的热爱,已到了不知道如何倾诉的地步,于是他舍弃人的思维语言而借用鸟的简单朴素的语言倾泻他的感情。“嘶哑”的歌声正能抒发作者对土地的义无反顾的眷恋和执着,于是土地情结的激越歌声由此响起。 倾吐土地情结。“被暴风雨所打击着的土地”“悲愤的河流”“激怒的风”“无比温柔的黎明”是作者所歌唱的对象,诗人没有沉溺于对“温柔”恬静的“黎明”的欣赏中,为了让自己的爱永远留给土地,他做出了庄严郑重的选择。 升华土地情结。一问一答,诗人由借鸟抒情转入直抒胸臆。太“深沉”太强烈的土地情结,已使人难以诉诸语言,只能凝成晶莹的泪水。“深沉”一词也许达不到与实际感情相适应的强度,于是其后紧跟着沉重的省略号。省略号中似乎涌动着潜流地火一般的激情,更为沉重地叩击着读者的心房,激起读者持续的共鸣。
【主题目标】1、培养良好的生活习惯、卫生习惯和参加体育活动的兴趣。”2、充分挖掘各种现有的或潜在的教育资源,配合幼儿,为教育教学的顺利开展起到了很好的促进、整合作用。3、喜欢参加体育活动,动作协调、灵活,能与同伴协商共同完成目标与任务。4、利用图书、图片、网络进行提问、查找、调查、归纳,注意运动安全,有初步保护自己的意识,知道自我保护的简单方法。【活动准备】通过谈话了解幼儿喜欢的各种体育项目,根据需要从网上、图书里细致了解有关运动的各种名称与玩法,并充分发挥家长、社区资源。在家长方面,我们根据幼儿园家长情况,采用幼儿写信的方法,将我们活动的设想与要求,用孩子的话来告诉他们,让他们能全面地了解并支持我们活动的开展。【活动过程】1、教师通过谈话,了解幼儿最喜欢的体育运动。幼儿:我喜欢踢足球。幼儿:我喜欢跑步。
目标导学四:赏析作品,把握诗歌艺术特色1.这首诗在结构上共分两节,请简要说说两节诗歌各有什么特点及它们之间的内在联系。明确:诗的第一节是从虚拟的视角,即从鸟儿的视角去想象,去表现鸟儿对土地的忠诚与挚爱,显得形象含蓄;第二节却换成实写的视角,即从作者自我的视角去实写自己“常含泪水的眼睛”,倾诉自己对土地的“深沉”之爱,是直抒胸臆。这样,虚境和实境的结合与对应,构筑了全诗内在完整的艺术空间;结果与原因的关联与对照,又构成了支撑全诗的内在逻辑结构。此外,从手法特点上看,第一节用的是比,是想象的境界;第二节则是直抒胸臆的写实。全诗由前面蒙太奇镜头式的画面暗示转到了后面作者的直接指点,以一个强有力的情感抒发结束了全篇,从而把注意力引到一个浓郁的情感氛围中,再一次感受到作者对土地的忠贞与挚爱。
明确:提出“生与义不可得兼,舍生而取义者也”的论点后,首先从正面指出人之所以能“舍生取义”,是因为人皆有“欲生不为苟得,恶死有所不辟”的思想。然后再从反面说明,如果人只是欲生恶死,那么什么事都可以做得出来;可是事实上,“义”超过了“生”,所以人能够不贪生,不避死。这种羞恶之心,人人皆有,贤者更能保持而不丧失。接着举例说明,以乞人不受不义之食为例,从正面论证“舍生取义”是人之共性。以万钟虽好也不能受为例,从反面强调了舍义取利是丧失本心。随后用一组排比句,对不辩礼义而贪求富贵的行为加以批判,并以“此之谓失其本心”收束全文,照应开头。3.列举本文主要的论证方法,并说明其作用。明确:(1)比喻论证。用比喻论证引出论点。以生活常理为喻引出生与义无法兼顾的情况下应该舍生而取义的结论(主旨)。
这一句议论,呼应前文的记叙——母亲教“我”生产的知识,同情革命、支持革命,让“我”养成革命的意志。这些都是“我”感谢母亲的重要原因。“母亲是一个平凡的人,她只是中国千百万劳动人民中的一员,但是,正是这千百万人创造了和创造着中国的历史。”母亲勤苦一生,任劳任怨,反抗地主豪绅的欺压,坚强不屈,母亲就是一位普普通通的农妇,她是“平凡的”,但正是像母亲这样的千百万劳动人民,融汇成革命的洪流,推动着历史的发展,为我们的民族做出了不可磨灭的贡献,中国的现在、未来都将是劳动人民的。这句议论,将对母亲的深情与对民族、对广大劳动人民的深情融汇在一起。
分析:“褴褛”一词是对于勒的外貌描写,点明他生活的贫困,处境的艰难。②他又老又脏,满脸皱纹,眼光始终不离开他手里的活儿。分析:再次描写于勒的外貌,充分说明他历尽磨难,饱经沧桑,穷困潦倒。③我看了看他的手,那是一只满是皱纹的水手的手。我又看了看他的脸,那是一张又老又穷苦的脸,满脸愁容,狼狈不堪。分析:第三次描写于勒的外貌,准确地表现出他此时的穷困潦倒,暗示他不幸的遭遇,竭力渲染他的悲惨境地。2.本文通过神态、语言、动作描写揭示人物心理活动,刻画人物性格,找出这些句子来进行分析。明确:菲利普认出卖牡蛎的穷水手就是于勒时,“突然好像不安起来”,这是心理骤然紧张所致;“他向旁边走了几步”,是想躲开于勒的目光,怕于勒认出自己来;“瞪着眼”看女儿、女婿,是怕他们察觉出这个秘密。这一系列神态、动作描写,层次分明地写出了人物紧张、恐慌以至失魂落魄的心理状态。
【教学提示】题目的设计意图是要培养同学们患难与共的爱心,克服困难的勇气和决心。目标导学二:分析环境和心理描写1.文章开头为什么突出“酷热”?明确:开头一自然段主要写孩子们为什么想到去爬悬崖。写天气的酷热,通过环境描写,突出了人物的心理,即酷热使人烦躁,小伙伴就厌倦了正在玩的游戏,从而想到很久没有爬悬崖。2.“时间在慢慢地过去。影子在慢慢拉长,太阳已经没在西边低矮的树梢下,夜幕开始降临。”“暮色中,第一颗星星出现在天空中,悬崖下面的地面开始变得模糊。”这两句话是什么描写?请简要分析其作用。明确:这是典型的环境描写,很好地烘托了“我”的恐惧心理。3.当“我”被弃于悬崖时,“我”的心理状态是怎样的?请从文中找出描写“我”处于险境中的心理状态的词句。明确:“我”的心理状态是恐惧。词语:阵阵晕眩、天旋地转、神情恍惚。句子:“我听见有人在哭泣、呻吟;我想知道那是谁,最后才意识到那就是我。”“我趴在岩石上,神情恍惚,害怕和疲劳已经让我麻木。”
1、书中还有许多描写旺达的片段,哪一处给你留下了深刻的印象呢?请同座位互相交流。全班交流。老师也想和大家一起分享一点感受。老师读第13页片段,并谈感受。课件出示:孤单,被嘲笑者2、你有过被人嘲笑的经历吗?谈一谈。旺达是怎样面对同学们的嘲笑?3、转学之后,十三班的同学们收到了她爸爸的来信。谁愿意读读这封信?圣诞节来临之际,旺达也写来一封信。学生读。读完这两封信,大家肯定感慨万千,一定有很多话想说吧?全班交流课件出示:善良 宽容
二、为什么要学习?(插入学习歌)有一首歌这样唱:中国有一句话,活到老,学到老,该学的真不少,书里书外都重要。(多媒体)古人荀子有言:不积跬步,无以至千里;不积小流,无以成江海。伟人毛泽东说:一天不学习,赶不上刘少奇今人说终身学习,学习能增进智慧,使人睿智。人生无坦途,跋涉多风雨,畏惧时,智慧是一柄利剑,助你披荆斩棘,笑傲人生;迷茫时,智慧是一盏明灯,为你点亮心灵,坚定方向;疲乏时,智慧是一弯山泉,让你洗去尘埃,净化心灵。
十、教学后记:这是我实习中上的第一堂课,由于没有经验,对时间的把握不好,课堂前半部分留给学生思考回答问题的时间太多了,以至于没有完成本课时的教学内容,对《箜篌引》、《桃花扇》、《闻官军收河南河北》内容的补充要留到下节课才能完成。但课堂过程中以讨论和结果发布会的形式非常能调动学生的学习积极性,这节课学生的参与度很高,绝大部分的同学都能积极思考,并敢于回答问题。但是在学生回答问题后,有些答案很好,也是我没有思考到的。但是除了简单的表扬鼓励外,我不善于把学生的思考结果与自己的板书设计结合起来,授课过程中比较拘泥于教案,显得不够灵活。总的来说,这节课的优点是教态自然、大方,声音清晰洪亮,能调动学生学习的积极性,不足在于时间掌握不好,拘泥于教案。
教材分析改革开放后我国的综合国力不断增强,人民对祖国统一的愿望越来越迫切。本节课以“一国两制”构想的提出,香港、澳门的回归和海峡两岸关系的发展为中心,说明实现祖国统一,完成中华民族复兴是历史发展的必然。第一目“‘一国两制’构想的提出”主要讲述了“一国两制”的含义及历史意义。第二目“香港、澳门的回归”着重讲述了香港回归、澳门回归的经过及历史意义,这是“一国两制”成功的实践。第三目“海峡两岸关系的发展”讲述了大陆注重发展与台湾的关系,促进海峡两岸的经济文化交流与合作,打破了几十年来海峡两岸的隔绝状态,促进了祖国统一的进程。此外,教材还通过“资料回放”“历史纵横”“学思之窗”等栏目,为学生学习提供了一些详细的史料。在教学中要分析图表资料,引导学生理解完成祖国统一大业,实现中华民族的复兴,是任何人也阻挡不了的历史潮流。
1、外汇与外币的关系:(1)外汇包括外币,但外汇不等于就是外币。外币是指外国的货币,包括外国的纸币、铸币;外汇通常是以外国货币表示的用于国际间结算的支付手段,具体包括外币、外币有价证券、外币支付凭证等。(2)外币属于外汇的范围,但不能把二者等同起来。通常情况下,只有可以自由兑换的外币才是外汇,因为外汇的实质是国际支付手段,如果某种货币不能自由兑换,它就不能成为国际支付手段。外汇执行的 主要是货币的支付手段的职能。(3)持有外汇意味着对外汇发行国拥有债权。持有外汇过多,一方面意味着国际支付能力强和有可能对外汇发行国施加影响;另一方面则意味着大量该由本国享受的资源,被借给外国利用,并要承担外汇贬值的风险。2、关于币值变化的分析:(1)对货币升值的具体分析:一个国家的货币升值(上浮)后,同量的这种货币能比以前换 取更多的他国货币,买到更多的他国商品。
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “restrictive relative clauses.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the relative pronouns and relative adverbs. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar, such as the “preposition+ relative pronouns which and whom” and cases where we can omit the relative pronouns. This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning restrictive relative clauses flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.本节语法思考:定语从句在复合句中的作用是什么? 关系词有哪些?定语从句在复合句中的作用相当于形容词,它在句中作定语修饰名词或代词。他们在先行词和定语从句之间起到联系作用,同时在意义上代表先行词并在定语从句中担任一个成分。被定语从句所修饰的词称先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
1. 标题首先根据海报的特点、格式写明标题。海报中往往把内容作为大标题。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海报其正文部分的侧重点不同。对于介绍性的海报, 首先要引出话题, 其次列出原因, 最后是总结。对于宣传类的海报, 要写明具体内容, 如: 活动内容, 地点以及参加活动的注意事项, 主持或举办单位等。1. 图片: 要选择引人注目的图片, 与主题要相关, 色彩明亮。话题句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我国的国宝。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上仅现存几千只熊猫。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因为人类的活动, 老虎处于濒危的状态。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生动物面临着灭绝的危险。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施来保护它们。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人们应该提高保护野生动物的意识。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃惊, 目前中国仅有不足1 000只江豚。
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑选出来参加运动会。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。