(1)文化与经济、政治在经济基础上相互影响。①经济、政治和文化是社会生活的三个基本领域。其中,经济是基础,政治是经济的集中表现,文化是经济和政治的反映。一定的文化由一定的经济、政治所决定,又反作用于一定的政治、经济,给予政治、经济以重大影响。②经济发展是文化发展的基础。但这并不意味着文化的发展始终与经济的发展亦步亦趋。如同不能简单地把精神文明看作是物质文明的派生物和附属品一样,也不能简单地认为文化是经济、政治的派生物和附属品。文化有其自身的传承性和相对的独立性。那种认为只要物质条件好了,精神文化自然而然地就会好起来,物质条件差一点,精神文化就不可能搞好的观点,不符合历史发展的事实,是不正确的。③掀开历史的画卷,文化既有古今和地域之别,又有先进与落后、腐朽之分。不同的文化,对经济、政治的影响不同,对社会发展的作用也不同。不同民族的文化,影响不同民族和国家各具特色的发展道路。
(二)讲授新课:1、讲授重点:文化与经济、政治的关系。我首先带领学生分析课本上的活动探究,了解日常生活中的常见活动,让学生们观看视频材料帮助学生对文化活动、经济活动、政治活动进行辨别和分类。然后让学生们举例说明,综合探究,最后通过集体讨论得出文化与经济政治的关系:经济是基础,政治是经济的集中表现,文化是经济和政治的反映,一定的文化由一定的经济和政治决定,又反作用于政治和经济。这个问题是本课重点。要引导学生循序渐进,集体讨论,得出结论。2、突破难点:(1)文化与经济政治相互交融,在时代发展的进程中。首先播放上海世博会视频,让学生体会文化、经济、政治活动,另外我会引导学生积极举生活中的事例,来说明问题,让学生学会举一反三,充分理解这一知识,让学生明白文化与经济、政治的联系,让学生清楚文化渗透的力量有多大,帮助学生树立反对文化霸权主义的意识。
(二)引入内容1、播放幻灯片,从名言引出思考,什么是文化,如何理解文化?学生探究,既可质疑,也可谈自己对文化的理解2、幻灯片,以三组幻灯,分三个阶段,学生分别通过小组讨论的形式,归纳总结文化现象的三个特征3、根据对文化现象的认识,归纳总结文化的内涵及外延小活动:把不是文化的山、水、树,由几组同学画出来,体会文化的含义4、一组判断题,哪些是文化的,哪些不是5、理解文化的特点首先,根据前面,总结文化现象的特征,归纳出文化的普通性及特殊性其次,播放视频,归纳总结文化是人类特有的现象第三,根据教材材料,小组探究总结,文化是后天习得的第四,借助小活动的材料,归纳,文化需要一定的物质载体6、文化的作用首先、观看视频,小组探究总结,文化对于人的影响其次,观看视频,小组探究总结,文化对社会的影响
一、 教材分析1、地位和作用《文化创新的途径》是人教版教材高二政治必修3第二单元第五课第二个框题内容,本课是对全面两课的一个提升,同时对接下来学习第三、四单元的知识具有指导作用。文化创新是一个社会热点,具有很强的思想理论性和探索实践性。在前面两课中,学生基本明确了文化的交流、传播和发展;也明白了文化的继承和发展需要创新。而怎样进行创新是本节课探讨的内容,也是本单元的重点、难点和落脚点。2、教学目标(1)知识与能力目标:①识计文化创新的途径;理解文化创新过程中要认识和处理好两对基本关系:当代文化与传统文化、民族文化和外来文化的关系;②使学生初步具备认识和处理当代文化与传统文化、民族文化与外来文化关系的能力;使学生具备在合作、探究中体验生活、生成认识、构建知识的能力。
3、文化的力量。为了使学生能辨证地分析文化的力量,我设计了两个问题进行探讨:(1)是不是任何文化都能起促进作用?(2)你在听或唱国歌时感受到一种什么样的力量?这样,学生在对比中学会辨证地分析文化的力量——先进的、健康的文化能促进社会发展和个人成长;落后的、腐朽的文化则阻碍社会发展和个人成长。同时还能提高学生的文化赏析能力,从而引导学生装自觉参加健康有益的文化活动,抵制不良文化的影响,投身到社会主义精神文明建设中去。关于课堂练习,我准备了5个针对性比较强的选择题,从而加深巩固本框题的重难点知识。最后,播放歌曲《走进新时代》,展示本课知识结构,指出本框题需重点掌握的问题,结束本课教学。课后作业,我设计了这样一个辨析的题目:文化是人们创造的全部财富的总和,它是人类特有的现象。
一. 教材分析1. 本单元的中心话题是“计算机(Computers)”,内容涉及计算机的发展历史,计算机的应用等。本节课是该单元的第一课时,我将Warming up, Pre-reading and Comprehending这四部分整合为一节精读课。其中。Reading部分是题为WHO AM I?的文章,以第一人称的拟人手法介绍了计算机发长演变的历史和计算机在各个领域的应用,其主旨是表达计算机的发展变化之快以及在生活中用途之广。而Warming up部分以图片的形式展现了计算机的发展历程;Pre-reading中的问题和排序分别是为了预测语篇的内容和测试学生对计算机历史了解的情况;Comprehending则通过各项练习训练学生的阅读技能,从而加深对文章的理解。可见这几部分是一个有机的整体。2. 教学目标:1) 语言目标:重点词汇及短语:abacus, calculate, calculator, PC, laptop, PDA, robot, analytical, technological, universal, mathematical, artificial, intelligent, network, explore, in common, as a result.重点句子:a. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1963 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and build a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem.
When it comes to the students’ studying methods, I'd like to introduce my Ss first. The Ss have a good command of basic language points. They’re interested in learning English, and they take an active part in English class, so they will have fun in autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning. I will just serve as a guide, showing them the way to explore how to make more progress in their English learning.Now it’s time for the most important stage of this lesson. My teaching procedures are arranged as follows:Step1.Leading-in (3 minute)Play a video of a wide variety of wildlife to introduce my topic. Step2. Speaking (12 minutes)We will use our textbook Page25. Let the Ss fast read the short paragraph to warm up. Ask them to talk about the report on some endangered wildlife in China with the dialogue patterns on the screen. Lastly, I will invite some groups to demonstrate their dialogues about saving wildlife in China.Step3.English play (3 minutes)Watch another video in praise of their excellent performance just now. It’s about Jack Chen’s(成龙)and Yang Ziqiong’s wildlife protection.Step4. Listening (twice 13 minutes)This time, I’ll ask the Ss to fill in the blanks of the monologue of the 2 movie stars above. Step5.Discussion (3 minutes)Which would you like to choose to wear, clothes made of cotton, artificial leather or animal skins? Why ?Step6. Summary (3 minutes)1. If there were no wildlife, there wouldn’t exist human beings. If the buying stops, the killing can, too.2. Animals are our friends. To love animals is to love ourselves. Stop hunting, killing and destroying wildlife.3. Let’s live in harmony with all the living things in the world. Step7. Music appreciation (3 minutes)Let the Ss appreciate the song Earth Song by Michael Jackson. Last but not the least, I will show you my blackboard design.
Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill
Good afternoon, teachers, It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you.The content of my lesson is Senior English Book 3 Unit 5 Canada —— “The true North”.I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from five parts. Analysis of the teaching material,the teaching methods,the studying methods, the teaching procedure,and Blackboard design.First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Teaching Material:This unit is about the introduction of Canada. By studying of this unit,we’ll enable the students to learn the geography, population, main cities, and natural beauty, natural resources of Canada. Through the training of the unit, it also requires students to learn some Language skills such as the expressions of position and emotions.So it plays an important part in the English teaching in this book.After studying the teaching material and analyzing the rule of children’s growing of mind,I think the teaching aims are the followings:1.Knowledge objects:(1) make the students learn some new words and phrases(2) make the students understand the content of the lesson.2.Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Especially reading and speaking ability.(2) learn to talk about the characters of Canada in English(3)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.3.Emotion objects:(1)Enable students to understand the characters of Canada..(2)Stimulate Ss to work hard to make China stronger.Part 2 Teaching Methods:I think helping students learn to master new words and phrases and improve the students’ reading and speaking ability is import and the difficult.According to the analysis of the teaching material and the import points and the difficult points,I will use the following teaching methods : question-guiding approach; fast-reading and careful reading; multi-media teaching methods; discussion
The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.
Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
基于以上分析,为使本堂课围绕重点、突破难点,同时让学生在课堂教学中能力得到提高,我设计如下教学过程。(一)创设情景认识形变由同学们已有的形变知识入手,引入新课。教师演示:①弹簧的压缩形变;②弹簧的拉伸形变③视频播放:竹竿形变、钢丝的扭转形变。得出形变的概念及各类形变。[设计意图:我从生活情景中引入新课,是为了激发学生的好奇心,为学生学习重点和难点内容作铺垫。]设问:摩天大楼在风的吹拂下会不会摆动,发生形变吗?演示微小形变放大实验:由于这种形变不容易观察,会使学生产生疑问:到底有没有发生形变?解决的办法是微小形变的演示实验。为什么光点会往下移?让学生带着问题思考后得出结论:是由于桌面发生了形变,但是形变不明显。为后面解决压力和支持力都是弹力做好铺垫。[设计意图:使学生知道“放大”是一种科学探究的方法。]
通过这个示例呢,我们可以得到解决向心力问题的一般的步骤,确定对象,找出轨迹,找出圆心,然后进行受力分析,让同学们参考这样的步骤,逐步的解决圆周运动的问题,对于变速圆周运动,我通过链球运动进行引入,这里是一个链球运动的视频,在同学们观看视频之前,我给同学们提出问题,链球收到绳子的拉力,做的是匀速圆周运动吗? 然后再课堂上我们再做一个小实验, 我们可以通过改变拉线的方式来调节小球的速度大小吗? 那么对小球,做加速圆周运动,进行受力分析,我们可以看到,小球做加速运动时,他所受到的力,并不是严格通过轨迹的圆心,在进行分析的时候,特别强调,小桶所受力的切线方向分力,和法线方向分力,切线方向分力,改变小球运动速度大小,法线方向分力,改变了小球运动的方向,法线方向的分力,在这里就是向心力,产生了向心加速度,通过这样一个例子进行分析,同学们是比较容易理解的,
材料一 每一(签暑国)政府各自保证对与各政府作战的三国同盟成员国及其附从者使用其全部资源,不论军事的或是经济的,联合起来,共同对敌……--1942年1月《联合国家宣言》材料二1954年,日内瓦国际会议上,美国国务卿杜勒斯严令美国代表团:不准任何人与中国代表握手……1972年2月,美国总统尼克松乘专机抵达北京,周恩来总理前往迎接周恩来对尼克松说:“你的手伸过世界最辽阔的海洋未和我握手一-25年没有交往了啊!”--摘编自尼克松回忆录《领导者》材料三 北京时间2018年3月23日,美国宣布将对600亿美元中国出口商品征收关税,并对中国实行贸易限制--摘编自《中国网》(1)材料一所述《联合国家宣言》的发表,标志着什么组织的建立?美国和中国是否同属于“签署国”?
老师、同学们:“清明时节雨纷纷,路上行人欲断魂”。清明节,既是我国二十四节气之一,又是我国最重要的祭祖和扫墓的日子。关于它的由来,有许多动人的传说。下面就挑一个来讲讲“春秋时代 ,晋国国君的儿子重耳为躲避追杀,在介子推等人的帮助下逃到了国外。他们在荒山中迷了路,又找不到东西吃,此时的重耳还心系百姓,这感动了介子推,他从自己腿上割了一块肉,烤熟了递给重耳吃。重耳在外流亡了19年后,终于回国做了国君。他给跟随他逃亡的人都封了赏,惟独忘了介子推。经人提醒,他非常过意不去,决定亲自去请介子推。谁知道介子推早就带着老母亲躲到绵山里去了,重耳带人搜山,也没能找到他们。有人提议放火烧山,重耳采纳了这个建议,结果适得其反,把介子母子烧死在一棵大柳树下。重耳非常后悔,把他们葬在柳树下,为忌烟火,他命令全国百姓每个的这一天都 不得点火做饭,定为“寒食节”。第二年,重耳领群臣去绵山祭奠,发现柳树复活了,就把这棵柳树命名为“清明柳”,把“寒食节”禁火,在“清明节”插柳,代代相传,成了全国性的大节日。
一、 创设情境,激发学生学音乐的兴趣。 对于低年级同学来说,他们好动、注意力极易分散,但我抓住小同学爱听故事,善表现的特点,我采取讲故事引入课文内容,学会歌唱后,再指导他们根据词中内容来表演。课堂上,让学生上台演唱,培养他们的参与、实践能力,学生情绪高涨,使音乐课上得更加生动活跃。这时同学们的热情高涨,慢慢喜欢上音乐课。这样,每次上音乐课他们都会有一种期待,当然我也会不失时机地将教学音乐基本知识、节奏、歌曲处理(比如以什么情绪来唱好他)等讲授给学生,在一定程度上和学生取得配合,收到了一些效果,教了不少儿童歌曲,为丰富儿童的音乐世界起到了一定的作用。通过丰富多彩的音乐教学形式,激发学生学习音乐的兴趣和爱好,活跃空气,在紧张的文化课学习之余可调节情绪,有利于其他课的学习。
我在教学《跳短绳》一课,采用传授式教学法、学生创新方法、学生反复练习、分组比赛等方法来完成教学任务。目前,在教法上我改用激趣法和鼓励法进行教学尝试,取得了较好的效果。课前,激发学生模仿小兔、袋鼠等动物跳,然后,布置小动物学跳绳,比一比谁学得快的任务,让学生自由练习。练习过程中,一些基础好的学生很快就完成老师布置的任务,为了保持学生的练习兴趣,一方面,引导学生学习花样跳绳,一方面,让学生当小老师教不会的同学,每当发现学生微小的进步,我都会不失时机地给予表扬,有时作出惊呀的表情,有时有意输给学生,在我的激发和鼓励下,学生对跳绳充满了兴趣,不仅体育课上跳,回家跳,课间十分钟也在跳,学生只要一见到我,就拿着跳绳跑到我跟前,让我数数,面对学生的进步,我深感成功的快乐。
素质教育与现代思想要求我们要教会学生“学会学习”和“学会健体,要重视培养独立从事科学锻炼身体的能力。于是我们有些教师由此认为体育教学要实现多项转变:由“重视学会”转变为“重视会学”;由“重视体育技能学习”转变为“重视体育能力的培养”;由“重视技能掌握”转变为“重视情感体验”。于是在教学中就出现了“自定目标、自主学习、自主锻炼”等名目繁多的教学手段。学生在课堂上爱怎么学就怎么学,只要课堂上学生始终是在欢笑中度过就是成功的好课,就说我们学校这次开展的体育教学活动来说,两堂体育课内容设计都合乎学生的兴趣,但是总觉得少了些什么,运动技能荡然无存,教师和学生轻轻松松在欢笑中下了课。试问学生的能力得到发展了吗?学生的体能得到锻炼了吗?
我在教学《跳短绳》一课,采用传授式教学法、学生创新方法、学生反复练习、分组比赛等方法来完成教学任务。目前,在教法上我改用激趣法和鼓励法进行教学尝试,取得了较好的效果。课前,激发学生模仿小兔、袋鼠等动物跳,然后,布置小动物学跳绳,比一比谁学得快的任务,让学生自由练习。练习过程中,一些基础好的学生很快就完成老师布置的任务,为了保持学生的练习兴趣,一方面,引导学生学习花样跳绳,一方面,让学生当小老师教不会的同学,每当发现学生微小的进步,我都会不失时机地给予表扬,有时作出惊呀的表情,有时有意输给学生,在我的激发和鼓励下,学生对跳绳充满了兴趣,不仅体育课上跳,回家跳,课间十分钟也在跳,学生只要一见到我,就拿着跳绳跑到我跟前,让我数数,面对学生的进步,我深感成功的快乐。
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