2.古建筑美:主要有城池、宫殿、陵墓、寺院、楼阁、桥、塔、民居等。古建筑美的形式主要表现在序列组合、空间安排、比例尺度、造型式样、色彩装饰等方面。3.自然景观中的人造景物(如民俗风情美、书画、雕塑艺术美等)在自然景观中,增加一些人造景物(人工美),如亭台楼阁、桥梁、寺庙等,本来是为了实用,如半山建亭,是为了游人途中休息,水上架桥是为了方便游览,但建造者按照美的规律,精心设计建造、精心装饰,有的还请著名书画家题写匾额楹联,使之不仅具有实用性,而且具有审美意义。它与自然景物形成一个统一的整体,构成绚丽多姿的风景美。图3.6城市雕塑图为位于兰州城南黄河之滨的巨型雕塑——《黄河母亲》。三、自然美与人工美的统一现今仍保持着原始形态的自然地域已经越来越少了。古今中外众多的自然景观都留有人工的痕迹。使这些人工痕迹与自然相映成趣,需要人们从和谐美的角度去巧妙安排。
教学重点难点:1、哲学与时代的关系(重点)2、马克思主义哲学是科学的世界观和方法论(重点)3、实践的观点在马克思主义哲学中占有重要的地位和作用(重点、难点)4、马克思主义中国化的三大理论成果(重点)教学课时安排:3课时【导入新课】德国人和中国人一同坐火车从德国的法兰克福去巴黎。途中上来一位客人,这位客人将手里端着的鱼缸放在空座上。德国人开始发问:“您能告诉我这鱼的名称吗?它在生物学上属于什么类别?它在科学上的意义又是什么?”中国人则问:“这种鱼是红烧好吃,还是清蒸更好吃一点?”这一故事体现了中西方思维方式的差异,这一差异也折射出中西方哲学上的差异。西方哲学起源于古希腊哲学,表现为对各种现象之后的原因的关注和对确定性的追求,强调理性认知。中国哲学主要是儒家哲学,主要集中在政治伦理方面,表现为对人的关怀和规范,强调感性体验。中西方哲学为何出现这样的差异?哲学与政治、经济有怎样的关系?
创设情境、激发兴趣(5分钟)教师:(锁住屏幕)月相变化与我们人类关系十 分密切。美国著名总统林肯在年轻时担任律师期间曾利用月相变化规律,为当事人进行了成功的辩护,赢得了人们的尊重。月相变化是怎样变化的?月相变化有什么规律,这就是我们今天学习内容。(边演示 学习软件边介绍)我们今天学习主要有三个任务,其中学习任务一要注意在空格中填写农历日期,不认识有关月相的请参照下面的相关学习软件。 完成学习任务二时要注意运用学习软件,首先点击月相,观察日地与月地连线的关系,再观察月亮出没时间现太阳的关系。如满月时,日地与月地连线成1800夹角,当太阳从东方升起时,月亮从西方落下(6时);当太阳从西方落下时,月亮从东方升起 (18时)。满月可见时间是18时到第二天6时。学习任务三请你先判 断图中月相是否正确,如果不正确,请把你认为正确的月相拖到图中适当位置。下面请你们开始学习。
2.对世界遗产的开发与保护原则——保护第一我国的世界文化遗产、世界文化与自然双遗产具有时代性、不可再生性和不可替代性,我国的世界自然遗产都代表着某一类地质地貌中最重要的历史演化过程,展示了我国独特的地质地貌和生物资源。世界遗产的开发与保护之间存在一定的矛盾。我们必须坚持保护第一的原则。旅游开发只是世界遗产的功用之一,必须十分慎重,做到保护与开发协调统一,不能造成对世界遗产的任何破坏。案例②我国第一个世界文化与自然双遗产——泰山通过学习案例②,了解到:①泰山不仅具有科学价值较高的地质构造,还具有多样的地貌景观,罕见的天象景观,丰富的生物资源。泰山自古以来即被誉为名山,受到皇家和百姓的顶礼膜拜,各朝各代几乎都进行过封禅行为,从而留下了深厚的历史文化遗存,这一点跟其他名山相比是独一无二的。
一、说教材《古诗三首》是统编小学语文三年级下册第三单元中的第一篇课文。本课有三首古诗。宋代诗人王安石的《元日》一诗中作者通过“爆竹声”、“屠苏酒”“换桃符”以及开始送暖的春风等新年特有景物的描绘,展现了人们在春节的欢快情景和万象更新的情景。结句“总把新桃换旧符”既是写当时的民间习俗,又寓含除旧布新的意思。这首诗是通过新年新气象的描写,抒写自己执政变法,除旧布新,强国富民的抱负和乐观自信的情感。《清明》一诗中作者杜牧描写的是中国传统节日清明时节的景象,借春雨绵绵寄托了作者对逝去亲人的惆怅感伤无限哀思。这是一首叙事诗,寓情于景,同时这也是一首七言绝句,语言十分简洁,通俗易懂,音韵和谐。
活动内容:① 已知,如图,在三角形ABC中,AD平分外角∠EAC,∠B=∠C.求证:AD∥BC分析:要证明AD∥BC,只需证明“同位角相等”,即需证明∠DAE=∠B.证明:∵∠EAC=∠B+∠C(三角形的一个外角等于和它不相邻的两个内角的和)∠B=∠C(已知)∴∠B=∠EAC(等式的性质)∵AD平分∠EAC(已知)∴∠DAE=∠EAC(角平分线的定义)∴∠DAE=∠B(等量代换)∴AD∥BC(同位角相等,两直线平行)想一想,还有没有其他的证明方法呢?这个题还可以用“内错角相等,两直线平行”来证.
2、能由浅入深地认识歌曲的结构,通过感观和体验,认识到乐曲的特点。 3、享受用乐器为歌曲伴奏的乐趣,体验与同伴合作演奏的快乐和成功。活动准备: 1、已熟悉碰铃、串铃和哨子三种乐器的使用方法。 2、每人各一套乐器(碰铃、串铃、哨子)。 3、电脑课件(图谱)。 活动过程: 一、完整欣赏音乐,初步感受歌曲欢快的旋律。 1、入室完整地欣赏歌曲。 导入语:今天梁老师为你们带来了一首非常好听的歌曲,你们想不想听?听完后你要告诉我你的感觉是怎么样的?这首歌曲有什么特别的地方? 2、小结:原来这是一首蒙古族的问答歌。 3、演示课件,第二遍完整欣赏歌曲。 提出要求:“这次我们来听听蒙语版的歌曲,请你们听听歌曲里共有几段?到底是不是有问有答的?每一段是谁问谁答的?” 4、小结:三段中有什么相同的地方呢?(幼儿自由讲述,老师作总结)
活动目标1.在理解故事的基础上,大胆表达自己的想法。2.尝试对物体的大小进行比较、匹配。 活动准备 三只熊图片,ppt,三只熊及大中小三只沙发(人手一份),粘贴工具 活动过程一、引发兴趣1.出示三只熊的图片,介绍熊的一家。2.出示三只碗的的图片 提问:你猜猜看这三只碗是谁用的?3.出示三把椅子的图片,请幼儿说说这三把椅子分别是谁坐。
2、 在操作活动时能主动、专心地进行操作活动,并讲述操作活动过程和结果。3、 通过活动,激发幼儿按一定规律排序活动的兴趣,体验成功的快乐。活动准备:4、 头饰、各种形状、颜色的片片。活动过程:1、 教师戴着一条自制的头饰 出现在孩子们面前,让他们自己去发现这一饰物,从而激发他们自制项链的兴趣。出示教师制作的头饰,你觉得怎么样?为什么漂亮?是怎样排序的?请一个幼儿示范。小结:原来老师的头饰是用片片有规律的排队的,所以很漂亮,你们想不想也来装饰自己的头饰,老师也为你们准备各种片片,出示各种片片,讨论:你想怎样打扮你的头饰?(幼儿讲述并制作)2、幼儿第一次操作教师巡回观察
活动目标: 1、尝试在故事情景中大胆、清楚地表述自己的想法,提高观察、分析问题及解决问题的能力。 2、感受到齐心协力能更好地做好一件事。 活动重点:尝试在故事情景中大胆、清楚地表述自己的想法,提高观察、分析问题及解决问题的能力。 活动难点:感受到齐心协力能更好地做好一件事。 活动准备:1、孩子们已经有了一些和尚的衣食住行方面的知识经验。 2、丰富幼儿看图说话的经验。 3、会唱歌曲《三个和尚》。 4、《三个和尚》故事片、课件、磁带。
这次大赛我们看到了启发讲授式,合作探究式,情景体验式,信息技术与学科教学整合式等多种教学方法,各有所长,也都发挥了各自不同的教学作用。重庆的李静老师在讲《文化创新的途径》这课中,从一个大家都非常关注的有些争议的张艺谋导演的雅典奥运会闭幕式上8分钟的表演的品评与思辩入手,学生非常兴奋,又到2008年北京奥运会开幕式的点火和文艺演出的创新设计,教学过程中既有学生的现场调查,又有充分发挥学生想象力的小组合作探究,还有小组间彼此的评价。在教学方式的设计上既有体验式,又有合作探究式,还有教师的启发讲授,多种教学方式的整合提高了课堂教学的整体效益。最后还要求学生把他们的设计通过E-mail等方式发给北京奥运会组委会,让学生非常兴奋。”
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.” Due to the continuous deterioration of the living environment, a large number of wild animals are always facing the threat of endangered or extinction. Listening and speaking period enables students to understand the fact and reason why wild species are disappearing from the earth at an amazing speed, and realize that human beings ought to enhance the awareness of protecting wild species as soon as possible.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of " how to help wildlife in Ss’ neighborhood.". Now there are many volunteers who spontaneously protect wild animals, carry out various activities according to local conditions, and contribute their own strength to local animal protection with practical actions. Middle school students are also enthusiastic participants. They organize activities in their spare time, and take this opportunity to make friends, broaden their horizons, cultivate team spirit and communication skills. This section describes a bird watching activity organized by several middle school students of Bird watching Club. It aims to stimulate students' interest, improve their understanding of bird watching activities, and use the language structure of “being used for; in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that ” to express the purpose for communication and discussion.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of using visuals to predict content.2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I am concerned about…” “what do you know about the endangered animals in…" and so on to talk about one of the endangered animals.
This lesson aims at making a poster about protecting wildlife after reading some posters. During reading students are guided to understand the content and try to summarize the posters with one sentence. Then students are guided to try to make a poster about protecting wildlife.1. Read the two posters and try to understand the summary sentences.2. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.3. Try to summarize the features of posters4. Try to make a poster about wildlife.1. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.2. Try to summarize the features of posters3. Try to make a poster about wildlife.Step 1 Lead inLook at the the posters on the textbook and ask:Which emotions do the posters communicate ?Step 2 Read the poster and answer the questions.1. What do you think of the animals in the poster on the left ?I think it is frightening and ugly.2. Why do we should protect the ugly animals ?All species--the good, the bad, and the ugly-- should be treated equally.The world needs all kinds--without variety, our planet cannot survive.3. Why are billions of trees being cut down every year ?To make paper for humans.4. What result will be lead to after the trees are cut down ?A lost of animal homes are being destroyed./The habitat of wildlife is being destroyed.Step 3 Find the feature of posters1. What does each poster use to stir up emotions ?On the left, it makes us a little frightened and it looks a little ugly, but it can activate our curiosity--What is it? And What is wrong with it?On the right, it makes us feel a little sad and want to protect them.
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?
The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(该动作在说话的瞬间未必正在进行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(说话时,并不一定正在进行)3.表示一种经常性的被动行为,常和always,constantly 等表示频度的副词连用,这种用法常常带有赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4.表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作(仅限于少数及物动词)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等动词与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时, 其中的介词不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2.可与部分情态动词连用,表示对正在发生的事情的推测。She may be being punished by her mother.3.有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4.某些表示“状态、心理活动、存在”等的动词,如have,want,need,love,一般不用现在进行时的被动语态,而常用一般现在时的被动语态。With the population increasing,more land is needed.5.“be+under/in+n.”可表示现在进行时的被动意义。My computer is under repair.=My computer is being repaired.
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
1. 标题首先根据海报的特点、格式写明标题。海报中往往把内容作为大标题。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海报其正文部分的侧重点不同。对于介绍性的海报, 首先要引出话题, 其次列出原因, 最后是总结。对于宣传类的海报, 要写明具体内容, 如: 活动内容, 地点以及参加活动的注意事项, 主持或举办单位等。1. 图片: 要选择引人注目的图片, 与主题要相关, 色彩明亮。话题句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我国的国宝。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上仅现存几千只熊猫。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因为人类的活动, 老虎处于濒危的状态。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生动物面临着灭绝的危险。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施来保护它们。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人们应该提高保护野生动物的意识。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃惊, 目前中国仅有不足1 000只江豚。
过渡:在实际生活中,城市内部空间结构并非完全按照这一经济规律呈现,而是更具复杂性。这说明除了经济因素外,还有很多其他因素在起作用,请大家结合你的认识、图2.9和案例1:纽约市的少数民族区谈谈你的看法。(2)其他因素I收入——形成不同级别住宅区的常见原因。有能力支付昂贵租金和选择最佳居住环境的人,其居住地往往形成高级住宅区。II知名度——城市内某些地区在历史、文化或经济方面具有很高的声誉,这往往会吸引更多新的住宅或商场建在该处,以提高其知名度。III种族聚居区的形成——在有些城市的某一区域内,如果某个种族或宗教团体占优势,就可能形成种族聚居区。如纽约市的唐人街、哈林区、小意大利区等。IV历史因素——城市的建筑物和街道设计可以维持久远,早期的土地利用方式对日后的功能分区有着深远的影响。