教材来源:此活动选材来源于生活。我们都知道,萝卜是幼儿比较熟悉的蔬菜之一,在秋天这个丰收的季节,萝卜在农村菜场等地随处可见,且取材方便。它的品种非常丰富,有白萝卜、胡萝卜、卞萝卜等,其中大小不同、颜色不同、形状不同;它营养丰富,吃法繁多,可煮汤、可凉拌、可红烧、可腌着吃,有的还可生吃呢!民间还有“十月萝卜小人参”的美称。然而幼儿虽然知道萝卜,但对萝卜的种类、用途、营养价值等还不太了解,在日常生活中经常发现幼儿不爱吃萝卜的现象。因此,有必要使幼儿形成对萝卜正确的认识,加深对萝卜的特征、用途等的理解,激发幼儿爱萝卜的情感。我们认为,选择此教材有一定的季节性、必要性,就如《纲要》中所说,“既符合幼儿的现实需要,又有利于其长远发展;既贴近幼儿的生活,选择感兴趣的事物或问题,又有助于拓展幼儿的经验和视野”。因此,此活动来源于生活,又能服务于幼儿的生活。
幼儿数学逻辑思维训练简单的说可以包含了数、量、图形与空间、逻辑与关系四大领域。数以及数与数间的逻辑关系是事物各种属性关系在人脑中引起的综合反映,复杂且不易理解。,而我今天要说的相邻数对于4到5岁的幼儿尚没有在其大脑中形成这一概念,而与其接近的邻居关系却是幼儿日常生活中经常接触的,根据《幼儿园教育指导纲要》中提出的“教育活动内容的选择应既适合幼儿的现有水平,又有一定的挑战性;既贴近幼儿的生活来选择幼儿感兴趣的事物和问题,又有助于拓展幼儿的经验和视野”的要求,我设计了这堂《10以内的相邻数》的教学活动,希望孩子们在轻松愉快的游戏活动中和积极参与操作的过程中获得相关知识。
教要有法,本活动我运用了“直观、探索法”“讨论法”引导幼儿带着问题去观察去思考,下面我对所运用的教法做一个简单的介绍:1.直观、探索法:利用参观“车展”让幼儿更直观去观察各种各样的车,让幼儿通过视、触觉获取有关汽车种类和功能。更直观了解各种各样车的外形特征,帮助幼儿提升原有的经验,又为后面的绘画做好知识准备。2.讨论法:幼儿通过交流各种各样的车达到共同学习,通过讨论充分发表对汽车的外形特征及功能。引导幼儿通过自由和集中交流,大胆和同伴、老师对自己所了解的各种各样的汽车进行交流讨论,使幼儿的认知、语言表达能力得到有效的提高。
教材来源:此次活动来自生活。在秋天这个季节里,蔬菜随处可见,我们取材也非常的方便。蔬菜的品种非常的多,营养价值也非常的丰富,吃法繁多,可以清炒、可以煮汤、可以凉拌、还可以腌着吃,总之,我们的生活里离不开蔬菜。然而,幼儿虽然知道很多的蔬菜,但对蔬菜的种类、用途、营养价值等还不是相当的了解,在我们的日常生活中幼儿不爱吃青菜的现象也是很严重的,加深幼儿对蔬菜的认识,激发幼儿对蔬菜的兴趣,引导幼儿多吃蔬菜是很有必要的。就如《纲要》中所说的,“既符合幼儿园的现实需要,又有利于其长远的发展;既贴近幼儿的生活,选择幼儿赶兴趣的事物和问题,又有助于拓展幼儿的经验和视野。”因此,此次的活动来源于生活,又能够服务幼儿的生活。
按照心理学常识,幼儿对学习内容产生兴趣,就能自觉地排除内外主客观因素的干扰,集中注意力积极主动地投入学习,把学习当成愉快的事。因此,上课一开始进行复习时,就设计这样的导语:小朋友,我们已经学了很多加减法了,今天老师要来考考你们,看谁最能干,(点出复习题)最先做出老师出的这些题,好吗?在这种刺激下,人人都想当老师眼中的小能手,兴趣一下子就能调动起来。这是引导幼儿复习5以内数的加减;这是复习6的组成。在新课学习中,通过可爱的动物图片群和插入声音的播放,激发幼儿学习新知的欲望,引导幼儿感知、探索得数是6的加法。这是引导幼儿观察动物图片,发现数量关系,学习5+1和1+5,初步引导通过组成计算得数;然后出示4+2和2+4两个算式,让幼儿摆弄小棒探索得。
首先以小猴子的谜语导入课题,目的是让幼儿说出耳朵的作用,可以听声音。⒈播放不同的声音,幼儿辨听并模仿这种声音。⒉让幼儿利用自己的手、脚和口发出声音。⒊让幼儿运用老师所准备的材料进行研究、探索。这一环节能激发幼儿>主动参与的欲望,让他们对声音产生浓厚的兴趣。⒋让幼儿知道悦耳动听的声音叫乐音;刺耳、难听的声音叫噪音。⒌放录音,幼儿听乐音和噪音。⒍让幼儿了解噪音对我们是有危害的。说说怎样减少噪音。⒎认识了安静的标志,并了解了安静标志的用途。
拼图活动是幼儿园经常进行的活动,也是孩子们非常感兴趣的一项活动。以往的拼图活动比较注重拼图的造型设计和制作,对拼图活动本身所蕴藏的数学内涵挖掘不够。其实,拼图活动也是帮助幼儿了解整体与部分关系、掌握数概念的一个很好的载体,而且也符合新《纲要》“引导幼儿对周围环境中的数、量、形、时间和空间等现象产生兴趣,建构初步的数概念,并学习用简单的数学方法解决生活和游戏中某些简单的问题”这一精神。中班幼儿的思维仍带有直觉行动性,主要依靠动作进行,需要亲身体验,在操作探索中发现事物的特征。他们对于物体整体与部分关系的理解,必须借助于对具体物象的感知,拼图活动恰好为帮助幼儿感知数量的多少、整体与部分的关系提供了直观形象的支持。在日常的活动中,孩子们已经积累了一定的圆形拼图的造型经验,为本活动的开展奠定了良好的基础。
课堂教学是幼儿数学知识的获得、技能技巧的形成、智力、能力的发展以及思想品德的养成的主要途径。为了达到预期的教学目标,我对整个教学过程进行了系统的规划,遵循目标性、整体性、启发性、主体性等一系列原则进行教学设计,设计了4个主要的教学程序。1、讲故事引起兴趣,在这个环节中,利用幼儿爱听、爱看的特点,我用故事《春姑娘来了》来吸引幼儿注意力。2、指导观察,判断数量。在这个环节中,我利用卡片,让幼儿说说图中有什么不同,培养幼儿观察能力。3、运用故事转折,挑起矛盾,引出相邻数。4、运用操作,加深幼儿对数量的认识、判断,几数量与数字匹配。从而进一步巩固这节课的内容,培养幼儿动手的能力
二、说教材《指南》里的典型性表现说:中班的孩子能对事物或现象进行观察和比较,发现其相同与不同,喜欢动手动脑。他们常常在游戏时进行排列,比如拼插雪花片玩具,你会发现排列颜色是有规律的。积木搭建的小路,你也会发现小路石块也是有规律的,这些都说明他们对排序感兴趣。年龄层次方面,《小刺猬的项链》是幼儿园中班的下学期一节活动,幼儿的年龄大约都在4岁半—5岁。在生活经验方面,孩子们对排列有一定的生活经验积累,对周围常见的生活场景有一定的观察和比较;在知识方面,中班幼儿已经积累和建立了有关物体在颜色、形体和大小等特征差异上的简单排序的数学经验,可以更进一步地学习按照物的多个特征和数量进行不同的排序。在学习能力方面,吸纳外部信息的能力强,会掌握和理解新知识。三、说活动目标根据中班孩子的年龄特点和实际情况,我确立了认知、技能、情感这三方面的目标和重难点:(1)在欣赏与讲述中理解绘本内容同时巩固间隔排序的经验。(2)学习简单的按规律排序并大胆尝试自编规律。(3)懂得并感受分享是一件快乐的事情。四、说重点难点规律排列的数学活动重点是:在欣赏与讲述中理解绘本内容同时巩固间隔排序的经验。难点:学习简单的按规律排序并大胆尝试自编规律。
今天,我要给大家聊聊美化校园的话题。我想现在可能会有一些同学在想,美化校园?我们的校园不是很美吗?你看校园里:操场上干干净净无纸屑,四周围绿树草皮话烂漫,楼房整齐一排排,同学们穿红着绿好漂亮,外面还有绿水青山来拥抱,谁敢说我们的校园不美吗啊?可是今天,我要实话实说:我们的校园里还有美中的不足,还存在着“丑”的东西。那么这个“丑”到底藏在哪里呢?我说这个“丑”就藏在一些同学的嘴巴里。前些天,我路过教室门口,竟听到有同学在相互传唱这样的一首打油诗:读书苦啊,读书累,读书还要缴学费,不如参加黑社会,有吃有喝有地位下面还有更难听的,我也不好意思给大家再背下去了。当时,我心情沉重地回到了教室坐在坐位上想,跟同学聊起这样的事情。同学们在笑着告诉我,前些时候还流传过这样一个顺口溜:一年级是小偷二年级是贼,三年级的美女没人追,四年级的帅哥排成对,五年级的情书满天飞,六年级的鸳鸯成双对。
2,学习用数字表示物体的数量。二,活动准备:橘子园背景图;幼儿操作材料。一,活动过程:(一)认识数字31,出示果园图:今天我们去参观橘子园。问:你看到了什么?有几棵橘子树?幼儿随意观察图片,(互相交流讨论。)
创设情境,导入新课:你对母亲知多少师问1:我们5月份刚过了一个重要的节日,你知道是什么吗?----母亲节。师问2:那你知道妈妈的生日吗?(举手示意),每个妈妈都知道自己孩子的生日,请不知道的同学回家了解一下,多关心一下自己的父母。师问3:那你知道妈妈最爱吃的菜吗?你可以选择知道、不知道或者是没有爱吃的(拖动白板上相对应的表情符号)。请大家用不同的手势表示出来。我找3名同学统计各组的数据,写在黑板上(随机找3名学生数人数)。下面我来随机采访一下:你妈妈最喜欢吃的菜是什么?(教师随机采访,结合营养搭配和感恩教育)
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.