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人教版高中政治必修1科学发展观和小康社会的经济建设说课稿
一、对教材分析1、地位和作用课程标准对本课的基本要求是：阐明科学发展观的涵义和说明全面建设小康社会的经济目标，最根本的是以经济建设为中心，不断解放和发展社会生产力。这一课在新教材中有着重要地位，且对我们的经济生活具有深远的指导意义和教育意义。同时对学生树立科学发展观有着重要的导向作用，对学生树立共同理想和远大理想有着重大的影响作用。因此，本课书是新教材的教育目的和归宿。2、教学目标（1）知识目标：了解总体小康水平的特征和全面建设小康社会的要求；理解科学发展观的科学内涵；运用促进国民经济又好又快发展的措施的基本要求。（2）能力目标 ：能准确把握科学发展观科学内涵的理解能力；可以运用所学知识解决现实问题、参与经济生活的能力。（3）情感、态度与价值观目标：通过总体小康社会的建设增强民族自豪感；牢固树立科学发展观；增强节约意识；增强参与经济生活的自觉性。
人教版高中政治必修3建设社会主义精神文明说课稿
最后，教师对这节课学习的内容做回顾总结，并让学生做几道练习题巩固一下新知识。依据：本节课主要是通过学生对关中文化的了解来学习我国的传统文化。所以我计划通过3-5分钟的设问导课让学生把注意力转变集中到课堂中，引导学生关注课堂。整体时间安排符合教育学中的最佳时间分配原理和反馈原理。这样做也有利于优化课堂结构、提高教学效率、把主要时间留给学生，把主动权还给学生。针对高三年级学生的层次差异，我进行了分层设置，设置有基础题和拔高题。这样做既可以使学生掌握基础知识，又可以使学有余力的学生有所提高，从而达到拔尖和“减负”的目的。板书设计板书就是微型教案，板书集中体现教学的三维目标、重难点、教学过程，体现教学的特色与特性。
人教版高中政治必修3加强思想道德建设说课稿
【讨论】只要继承和弘扬中国传统文化中传统美德，就可以构建思想道德体系。学生展示：法律中道德规范。老师展示：法治：以法律的权威性和强制性规范社会成员的行为(外律)。德治：以道德的说服力和感召力提高社会成员的思想认识和道德觉悟(内律)。结论：既要加强社会主义法制建设，依法治国；也要继承、发展、创新传统美德，加强思想道德建设，以德治国。建立社会主义思想道德体系要与法律法规相协调。设计意图：设计一个条件型辨析探究题开展讨论，把建设思想道德与优秀传统文竹也、法治的关系结合起来，把课堂探究与课前探究结合起来，有利于提高学生的思维能力和课堂教学效率。践行：思想道德建设从我做起你是否认同、选择下列行为?展示校园现象图片《作弊》与《小烟民》(略)；展示中学生在家中表现的漫画《老子、儿子和孙子》(略)；
人教版高中政治必修3加强思想道德建设说课稿2篇
师：建立社会主义思想道德体系，必须牢固树立社会主义荣辱观。在我们的社会主义社会里，是非、善恶、美丑的界限绝对不能混淆，坚持什么、反对什么，倡导什么、抵制什么，都必须旗帜鲜明。我们坚持以热爱祖国为荣、以危害祖国为耻，以服务人民为荣、以背离人民为耻，以崇尚科学为荣、以愚昧无知为耻，以辛勤劳动为荣、以好逸恶劳为耻，以团结互助为荣、以损人利己为耻，以诚实守信为荣、以见利忘义为耻，以遵纪守法为荣、以违法乱纪为耻，以艰苦奋斗为荣、以骄奢淫逸为耻。课堂小结通过本节课学习，使我们认识到中国特色社会主义文化建设的中心环节是思想道德建设，了解什么是社会主义思想道德，为什么要建设社会主义思想道德体系和怎样建设社会主义思想道德体系，大力倡导“爱国守法、明礼诚信、团结友善、勤俭自强、敬业奉献”的基本道德规范。我们要大力加强社会主义思想道德建设，为社会主义各项事业的发展提供强大的精神动力和方向保证。
人教版高中政治必修1全面建设小康社会的经济目标教案
3、城镇人口的比重大幅度提高，工农差别、城乡差别、地区差别扩大的趋势逐步扭转请同学们阅读下面材料，结合刚才列举的实例，思考它说明什么问题？2000年我国农村小康总体实现程度在93％左右，城乡收入差距在3：1以上。1999年西部地区小康实现程度为84.18％，中部和东部地区为93.18％、97.86％，人均GDP最高的上海市突破4000美元，最低的贵州省只有300多美元。4、社会保障体系比较健全，社会就业比较充分，家庭财产普遍提高，人民过上更加富足的生活教师活动：请同学们阅读教材102页虚框内材料，思考所提问题学生活动：积极思考，讨论发言。教师总结：说明我国的社会保障体系逐步完善，但是城镇居民保障水平较高，农村社会保障水平还比较低。这与我国的国情是不相适应的，因此，本世纪初20年，要不断健全、完善社会保障体系，集中力量发展经济，降低失业率，提高城乡居民文化教育娱乐等消费比例，让人民的吃穿住行达到更高水平的小康。三、小康社会的建设特点和要求
人教版高中政治必修3加强思想道德建设教案
学生活动三：让学生阅读教材P108回答：（投影显示，然后让学生对这两个概念进行比较）总的说，法治与德治是相辅相成、相互促进的。设计意图：让学生弄清法治与德治的区别，并理解法治与德治的联系。教师过渡：（提问）我们进行思想道德建设的两个宝贵资源是什么？这又说明社会主义思想道德体系建设应与什么相承接？（3）社会主义思想道德体系应该与中华民族传统美德相承接①传统美德是中华传统道德中的精华学生活动四：列举中华民族的传统美德②今天倡导的基本道德规范是对中华民族传统美德的继承、发展和创新教师活动：（投影显示）我国《公民道德实施纲要》提出了20个字的基本道德规范。可以具体分为10个方面：爱国守法明礼诚信团结友善勤俭自强敬业奉献教师过渡：在我们的社会主义社会里，是非、善恶的界限绝对不能混淆，坚持什么、反对什么，倡导什么、抵制什么，都必须旗帜鲜明。所以我们必须树立社会主义荣辱观。（4）树立社会主义荣辱观——八荣八耻
人教版高中政治必修3建设社会主义精神文明教案
(2)伟大的意义：这些精神文明创建活动，是人民群众“移风易俗”、改造社会的伟大创造，也是人民群众自我教育、自我提高的有效途径。各具特色的精神文明创建活动，使人们在自觉参与的过程中思想感情得到熏陶，思想觉悟得到启发，精神生活得到充实，道德意识得到增强，道德境界得到升华。这对整个中华民族的精神面貌，正在产生不可估量的积极影响。◇点拨：“相关链接”描述了青年志愿者活动，引导学生感悟其精神，升华道德境界，增强参与意识。(3)必然的选择：投身于社会主义精神文明建设的伟大实践，做新时期中国先进文化的传播者和建设者，是当代中国青年成长、成才的必然选择。◇拓展延伸：在群众性精神文明创建活动中涌现出的先进人物和英雄模范，像孔繁森、张海迪、徐洪刚、韩素云、李国安、徐虎、李素丽等，在全社会起到了良好的示范作用；提出的一些响亮口号，如“从我做起，从现在做起”“岗位学雷锋，行业树新风”“单位做个好职工，社会做个好公民，家庭做个好成员”等，不断激励着人们。
人教版高中政治必修3加强思想道德建设教案
(2)社会主义思想道德体系应该与社会主义法律规范相协调。法治和德治，从来都是相辅相成、相互促进的。法治以法律的权威性和强制性规范社会成员的行为；德治以道德的说服力和感召力提高社会成员的思想认识和道德觉悟。建设中国特色社会主义，既要加强社会主义法制建设，依法治国；也要加强社会主义思想道德建设，以德治国。◇课堂探究：你能否引述与上述道德规范相关法律条文。◇探究提示：上述道德规范见诸很多法律当中，例如：2O()5年4月27日颁布的《中华人民共和国公务员法》规定：公务员应当“忠于职守，勤勉尽责，服从和执行上级依法作出的决定和命令”“遵守纪律，恪守职业道德，模范遵守社会公德。”修订后的《中华人民共和国婚姻法》规定：“夫妻应当互相忠实，互相尊重；家庭成员间应当敬老爱幼，互相帮助，维护平等、和睦、文明的婚姻家庭关系。”
人教版高中政治必修3第十课文化建设的中心环节精品教案
１、追求更高的思想道德目标的要求(1)在遵守公民基本道德规范的基础上，追求更高的思想道德目标，是一个不断改造主观世界的长期过程。积极的、健康的、进步的思想道德，总是旧消极的、有害的、落后的思想道德相比较而存存、相斗争而发展的。只有形成正确的世界观、人生观、价值观，真正划清唯物论与唯心论的界限，社会主义心想与封建主义、资本主义腐朽思想的界限，科学与迷信的界限，文明与愚昧的界限、才能切实增强识别和抵制各种错误思潮的能力，为此，必须努力学习马克思主义的科学理论，坚定建没小闻特色社会主义共同理想，逐步树立共产主义远大理想。◇点拨：“专家点评”说明了共同理想与最高理想的关系。(1)共同理想和最高理想的区别：含义不同。根据马克思主义的科学预见，共产主义社会将是物质财富极大丰富、人民精神境界极大提高，每个人自由而全面发展的社会。
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 1 Festivals and celebrations-Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案：1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语，它通常位于系动词后面，用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案：1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations-Reading and Thinking教学设计
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations-Reading for writing教学设计二
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations-Reading for Writing教学设计一
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意：非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Reading and Thinking教学设计
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Reading for Writing教学设计
1. 这个寓言是一个关于一位国王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用这个故事让读者对于社区的问题负有个人责任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 这个故事十分成功的实现了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教学设计
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking&Talking教学设计一
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的状语)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的状语)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的状语)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定语)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定语)Summary:1. 不定式的结构：to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子，我们知道在描述太空探索时，动词不定式不仅可以用来表目的，还可以用来作定语，表修饰。