小学生很多事情还比较依赖父母,不过,他们已经有一些自立、自理的意识,而且渴望得到成长。根据本课的要求和孩子的特点,我制定了本课的教学目标: (1)通过寻找自己成长的足迹和纪念物,引导孩子发现自己的成长与变化,结合自己的成长过程,比较全面地认识成长的含义。 (2)积极参与与体验活动,提高体验能力、收集资料的能力。 (3)激发孩子欣赏自己的成长,学会展示自己,产生成长的喜悦感,树立自信心; 针对本课教学目标,我认为本课教学的重点是:通过寻找自己成长的足迹和纪念物,结合自己的成长过程,比较全面地认识成长的含义,产生成长的喜悦感。本课的难点是让孩子从具体事情中懂得热爱父母,孝敬父母,懂得关心别人。 基于以上目标,我将在课堂上采用搜集资料法、讨论法、讲述法、角色表演法和情景模拟法等教学方法。
一、说教材1、教学内容:本课内容选自2013人教版小学数学二年级上册第一单元《长度单位》例1、例2、例3的教学内容。 2、教材所处的地位和作用本课是在学生已经对长短的概念有了初步的认识,并学会直观比较一些物体长短的基础上来学习一些计量长度的知识,这些知识可以帮助学生认识长度单位,初步建立1厘米的长度观念。 3、学情分析二年级学生经过一年的学习,已经认识了100以内的数,学会了一些简单的统计方法。这些知识储备为我们进一步学习新知识打下基础。二、说教学目标1、知识与技能目标:统一长度单位,建立1厘米的观念,会用厘米测量。2、情感目标:在小组合作测量的过程中,培养学生乐于探究的学习态度,学会与他人合作。体验知识的形成过程,进一步体验学习成功带来的喜悦。
一、说课程标准《数学课程标准》中明确指出:应该从学生的生活经验和已有的知识出发,给学生呈现“现实的、有意义的、富有挑战性的”材料,提供充分的数学活动和交流的机会,引导他们在自主探索的过程中获得知识和技能,尽力实际问题抽象成数学模型并解释与应用的过程。二、教材及学情分析本节课是人教版3年级上册第七单元第2节内容,“认识周长”是“空间与图形”的重要内容之一。是在学生已经认识了长方形、正方形、三角形和圆形等平面图形的基础上进行教学的。教材先通过“森林运动会”——小蚂蚁围着树叶跑步,初步感知小蚂蚁的运动路线就是树叶的周长;然后对游泳池池口和篮球场周围边线进行观察,明确这条边线的长就是它们的周长,这里没有给出周长的定义,而是通过生活中这两个具体事例,让学生通过观察、操作,在获得直接感知的基础上认识周长的含义。接着以已有的直接经验为基础,让学生根据给定的图形去量一量、算一算,进一步理解周长,知道怎样可以测量并计算出周长。
3、情感目标:通过长方形和正方形周长计算公式的推导过程,培养学生的探索精神和合作精神。三、说教学重点、难点、关键点。本着课程标准,我在认识了本节课教材在整个知识结构中所处的地位,考虑学生认知情况的基础上,我确立了如下教学重点、难点、关键点。教学重点:推导、归纳长方形和正方形周长的计算公式。教学难点:理解并掌握长方形、正方形周长的计算方法。教学关键点:让学生在自己的计算和解决问题的过程中体会和理解算法。四、说教法。依据学生的认知规律,本节课的教学方法中力求体现以下几个方面的理念:从学生爱听的故事出发,为学生创设探究学习的情景;联系生活实际,让学生体会数学与生活的联系;改变学生的学习方式,运用合作学习,培养学生的协作能力;主要采用:创设情境引入新课、师生互动探讨新知、引导学生总结、点拨学生迷惑等教学方法。
六、教学反思 从这节课的实施情况看,课堂实施与原先的公开课教案是比较一致的,效果也是比较好的,主要体现于以下两点: 1、效果得益于“跳出”--跳出教材框框 刚开始备课和试教时,我打算充沛利用教材,根据教材上的内容出示幻灯片让同学说一说,但一节课下来显得很单调、信息量很少,体现不出生活中数的味道。于是我开放教材,跳出教材的框框,课前安排一个“找生活中的数”实践活动把同学放到社会生活之林中去,让他们先找些“野食”吃。这样,课前在准备过程当中积累的素材多了,同学的学习效益大大提高了。同学在丰富多彩的实际生活中自由自在地采撷自身感兴趣的“果子”,他们采来的“果子”是绚丽多姿的,然后回到课堂交流,共享到了“果子”的丰富,起到“以一当数十”的作用。 这个“跳出”战略,体现了现代科学“系统论”的理论。系统论认为:系统只有开放,不时吸收外界的信息,才干使自身“有序”。
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
人是一个能动的个体,学习是学习者主动建构的过程。社会的发展也强烈需要发展幼儿的主动性和创造性。而数学是一门抽象性、逻辑性很强的学科。在我选择的“二次分类”这个数学活动时,我是考虑到,老师们习惯于仅以幼儿认识事物是从具体到抽象这一特点为依据,只强调直观性,在活动中教师常运用教具演示,并以此为基础讲解基本的数学概念,而实际上,幼儿数学概念的形成不是通过听老师讲、看老师演示所能解决得了的,必须通过幼儿自己主动活动的过程。“图形的二次分类”我希望提供给幼儿充分的操作材料,再加以引导,一步一步深入,使幼儿真正在操作过程中去发现、归纳“图形的二次分类”的特征。
(1)猜想设疑。组织学生进行游戏实践,结果可能是选择和少的那队赢了。为什么选择和多的那队没胜,选择和少的那队却胜了呢?这里面又藏着什么奥秘呢?“猜想”是有方向的猜测和判断,是学生有效学习的良好准备。这里通过引导学生大胆猜测,由猜测结果与实际结果不同而引发学生的认知冲突,进而激发学生的求知欲,为后面的教学埋下了伏笔,从而很自然的过渡到下一个环节。(2)统计实验。这部分教学让全体学生参与获得知识的全过程,并在实验中与统计知识有机结合起来,提高了学生综合运用知识的能力。同时让全体学生参与实验统计,实验数据更加充分,实验结果与预测更加接近,从而达到实验目的。
4、学习有关0的加减法我为学生创设一个丰富的问题情境,鼓励学生大胆发表自己的意见并进行交流,在情景中亲身体验关于0的加减法计算及在生活中的应用。用3只小鸟飞走了的情景图,教学得数是0的减法的意义;通过两片荷叶上的青蛙图,教学有关0的加法。出示图画,让学生仔细观察,互相交流说说看懂了什么,并根据图意列出算式,理解算式所表示的意思,,集体交流不同想法然后举出生活中这样的例子。在这一环节的教学中,我充分利用教材资源,将原来教材中静态的图动态化,让学生在生动、有趣的情境中学习数学。然后,创设情境,用所学来的知识帮助学习伙伴解决难题,激发学生强烈的探究,解疑的欲望。最后,通过学习过程中所列出的算式,让学生自己总结、归纳出有关0的加减法算式的规律,体验成功的乐趣。
观察:先让学生观察自己的小闹钟,看看钟面上有些什么。交流:然后在小组内交流讨论自己的发现。汇报:学生汇报观察及讨论结果,教师板书:时针分针12个数讨论:时针和分针的区别。(在汇报观察结果的时候学生通常会说到秒针,当学生说到秒针的时候应肯定学生观察得很仔细,同时教师说明秒针走一圈才一分钟,我们在看时间的时候通常只看时针和分针就可以了,有关秒针的知识我们以后再学习。)2.教学整时(1)出示2时的钟面,让学生说说表示的是什么时刻?你是怎么知道的?学生说出后教师引导:2点,还可以说成2时。(2)再出示4时,让学生再说说是什么时刻,并同桌互相说说自己是怎么知道的。(3)出示8时,让学生说说是什么时刻,同时谈谈这个时刻我们一般该干什么呢?
第一:导课。在这个环节中,首先对学生提出《课堂常规》要求,以对口令、比一比的形式,让学生了解《常规》、遵守《常规》;再复习8、9的组成,为熟练口算扫清障碍。第二:新课。1、结合情境,引导学生充分感受“一图四式”。由于学生已经有了看一幅图列出两个算式的基础,所以列出加法算式相对容易一些,而列出减法算式则是这部分的难点。因此我采用小组合作的方式,让学生以看图说话的方式搜集相关数据,初步感知根据一幅图可以列出四道不同的算式。2、在老师的指导下进行操作,通过摆苹果图使学生进一步巩固和理解“一图四式”。在计算过程体现加减法之间的联系。3、帮助学生积累计算方法,为学生提供创造的空间。直接出示算式5+3、3+5、8-3、8-5计算,提问:你是怎样算出得数的?鼓励学生说出多种计算方法,使计算方法多样化(如:数数、想数的组成与分解、调换加数的位置、算减法想加法等)。
第一步骤是初步认识钟面。在这一部分内容里,我注重利用学生现有的生活经验,引导学生观察课件上的钟面和自己的学具钟面看发现了什么?充分让学生说一说,数一数,主动探索,观察解决问题.把自己的发现和同桌的小朋友交流。在交流的过程中,学生的思维是凌乱的不是有序的,不容易将知识转为内化。如:有的学生发现有长针也有短针等,在教学设计中,我充分地考虑到这一点,采用了多媒体辅助教学,让时针和分针作自我介绍,用充满童真的语言来吸引学生,接着让学生观察1-12各数是怎样排的?用手比划一下,并说明时针和分针也是按这个方向转动的,还强调了时针走的慢,分针走的快的特点。这样的组织让学生的思维有序了,同时也培养了学生语言表达能力,这比老师直接给予答案,更能使学生记忆深刻,充分体现了学生为主体老师为主导的原则。
《0的认识和有关0的加减法》是《数学(人教版义务教育课程标准实验教科书)》一年级上册第29页的教学内容。数字0在生活中应用广泛,不同的应用体现出0的不同含义,有关0的加减法也具有其独特的规律和特点。本节课教学目标有下:1.通过游戏、活动,使学生理解0的含义,会读、会写数字0,了解数的顺序。2.使学生在情境体验中理解有关0的加、减法的含义,并能熟练计算。3.通过在数学活动中的观察、思考、讨论、探索,提高学生自主学习的意识和发现简单规律的能力。4.培养学生的想像力、语言表达能力和初步的推理应用能力。教学实录与评析:一、活动中认识0──关于0的含义和书写1.排排队──复习数的顺序。师:这节课,数字王国有几位小客人要到咱们教室找朋友。他们来了。(敲门声)
在组织教学和设计习题时,我考虑到了以下几点。1.培养“主角”意识,人人参与,人人提高。新理念下倡导自主学习,学生是学习的主人。本节课始终是学生在自主地解决问题、发现问题、解决问题。在教师的合作下,学生利用已有的知识经验,积极思维,提高了他们的分析综合能力,帮助他们掌握了解决数学问题的规律。同时,我力求让每个学生都体会到学习数学的快乐,在练习中,通过用手指表示得数,将式子列在自己的纸板上,小组交流,抢答等形式,让每个学生都动起来,都得到需要的数学知识。2.知识前后联系,融会贯通。在习题练习中,我注意多元化、开放化,需要学生将知识进行综合内化,来解决问题,这也是一种数学素养。比如决定上几号车厢,必须进行计算──统计──比较的思维活动;野生动物园情境列式中需选择条件,留有充分的思考空间;“海洋公园”情境中学生又初步有了两步计算的意念。3.充分利用小组合作学习的优势。
(三)联系生活实际,学会运用数 在学生认识了1—5各数以后,设计游戏,让学生在自己身上,教室里,家里找一找,数一数,并用学过的数说一句话. 这样就让学生把生活实际与数学较好的联系起来,学会在生活中运用数学解决问题. (四)动手操作圆片,学会比较数的大小 1,认识数的意义以后,让学生自己摆圆片,摆一摆,比一比,哪个数大,你是怎么想的 渗透了自然数的计算单位和相邻两个自然数相差1. 2,认识数的大小以后,进行猜数游戏,如5的前面是几 3的后面是几 还有可能是几 通过反复练习,学生较好的掌握了数的大小比较这一知识点. 3,最后学习写数.写数是本堂课的另一个重点,教师要培养学生良好的写字习惯.学生对1——5各数早已很熟悉了,主要是引导学生规矩,工整的写数.这一教学环节就要充分利用电脑软件的直观性,清楚的显示1——5各数运笔的轨迹,先让学生观察,感知,再通过描红,独立书写达到预期的效果.
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