三、巩固练习,拓展应用练习是学生领悟知识,形成技能,发展智力的重要手段,我遵循“由浅入深,循序渐进”的原则设计了以下不同层次的练习。1、基本练习自主练习第1题填一填,借助直观图,巩固分数乘法的意义和计算方法。2、提高练习自主练习2、4题。本题的设计,目的是使学生除了掌握基本的数学知识和技能外,初步学会从数学的角度去观察事物、思考问题,同时,也让学生感受到生活中处处有数学,从而激发对数学的兴趣,以及学好数学的愿望。四、课堂小结,升华认识引导学生回忆总结:这节课你们都知道了些什么?你有哪些收获?这节课你表现得怎样?等等,这样的小结有利于学生巩固本节课的重点,获得成功的体验,激发学习的热情。五、板书设计:简单明了,能系统地反映出本课的重、难点。有利于学生形成一定的知识网络。都起到了“画龙点睛”的作用。
(一)地位《生活中的圆周运动》这节课是新课标人教版《物理》必修第二册第5章《曲线运动》一章中的第7节,也是该章最后一节。本节课是在学生学习了圆周运动、向心加速度、向心力以后的一节应用课,通过研究圆周运动规律在生活中的具体应用,使学生深入理解圆周运动规律,并且结合日常生活中的某些生活体验,加深物理知识在头脑中的印象。(二)教材处理教材中的“火车转弯”与“汽车过拱桥”根据学生接受的难易程度,顺序作了对调,并把最后一部分“离心运动”放到下一节课处理。(三)教学目标1.知识与技能目标(1)进一步加深对向心力的认识,会在实际问题中分析向心力的来源。(2)培养学生独立观察、分析问题、解决问题的能力,提高学生概括总结知识的能力。(3)了解航天器中的失重现象。2.过程与方法目标(1)学会分析圆周运动方法,会分析拱形桥、弯道等实际的例子,培养理论联系实际的能力。
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
设计意图:通过设疑、讨论及学生的亲身体验与教师的引导,得到描述圆周运动快慢的两个物理量,也就成功的打破了学生在认识上的思维障碍,突破了物理概念教学的难点。在解决线速度和角速度的问题之后,我将引领学生学习匀速圆周运动的概念以及匀速圆周运动中线速度、角速度的特点。并引出匀速圆周运动中周期、转速的知识。为了加深学生对线速度、角速度与半径关系的认识,我设计了第三个学生体验活动:四名学生以我为圆心做圆周运动,四名学生始终并列,这时里圈同学走动不急不慢,而外圈同学则要小跑。通过学生的活动,不难发现在角速度相同的情况下,半径越大的线速度也越大。定性的得到了线速度、角速度与半径的关系。接下来让学生利用所学知识推导线速度、角速度与半径的关系。设计意图:这样就通过设疑、学生猜想、体验、推导的方式得到了结论,突破了本节课的难点即线速度、角速度与半径的关系。
2、教学目标根据我对教材的理解、结合学生的实际情况、渗透新课程的教学理念,为提高全体学生的科学素养,按课程标准,以促进全体学生发展为目的。从知识与技能、过程与方法,情感态度与价值观三个方向培养学生,拟定三个教学目标:知识与技能:(1)知道什么是动能。(2)正确理解和运用动能公式分析、解答有关问题。(3)掌握外力对物体所做的总功的计算,理解“代数和”的含义。(4)理解和运用动能定理。过程与方法:通过演绎推理过程,培养科学研究兴趣,领略物理学中所蕴含的严谨的逻辑关系。情感、态度、价值观:通过运用动能定理分析解决问题,感受成功的喜悦,培养学生对科学研究的兴趣。3、教学的重点和难点重点:理解动能定理、应用动能定理解决力学问题。难点:应用动能定理解决多个过程的力学问题,以及变力做功或曲线运动中的动能定理运用。
① 实验设计将学生分组,利用桌上的器材进行探究(幻灯片展示)这个实验难度较大,为了降低难度,为实验探究铺下第二台阶,要求学生先分小组讨论以下问题(幻灯片展示)有些学生可能不知如何下手,我会要求学生先阅读课本中的实验描述从中得到一点提示,再让一两个小组同学回答,这样既体现了学生学习的主体性又可提高学生自主思考和语言表达能力,之后我再进行补充完善(幻灯片展示答案),并用幻灯片把实验步骤展示出来,在学生实验过程一直保留,使学生能朝正确的方向进行猜想和操作,为实验探究铺下第三个台阶。② 实施探究在学生分组进行探究过程,教师巡视解惑,随时观察学生情况,解答学生提出的问题,还可用自言自语方式提示应注意的一些问题,如仪器的正确使用,操作的规范等,帮助学生尽量在规定时间内顺利完成实验。
(3)内陆和中西部城镇主要以煤和火电为主;广大农村和边远地区大多正从使用农作物秸秆等生物能源。(4)人均能源资源不足。我国是世界第三大能源生产国和第二大能源消费国,而我国能源短缺,特别是油气资源短缺已成为制约我国经济发展的重要因素。相关数据——煤炭、石油和天然气的人均资源占有量只有95t,世界平均值为209t,约是世界人均值的1/2;我国人均石油可采储量3t,世界平均值为28t,约为世界平均值的1/10。我国人均能源消费量不足1.2吨标准煤,居世界89位,不足世界人均能源消费水平的一半,仅占发达国家的1/5~1/10。其中人均消费650kg标准煤,是世界平均额的95%;人均消费石油相当145kg标准煤,为世界平均数的16.8%;人均消费天然气相当17.7kg标准煤,为世界平均数的3.9%;人均消费电力501.5kWh,为世界平均水平的25%。(5)是能源消费结构不合理,突出存在着一低两高:即电能消费比例低,非商品生物能源消费量高,一次性商品能源消费中原煤消费比重高。原煤消费达到75%,远高于26.2%的世界平均水平。
二、说教学目标。 1.能用正确的情感来朗读小鸟与大树、树根、门和小女孩四个对话。(知识目标) 2.进一步巩固默读和朗读能力,学会多元交流,多向对话。 (能力目标) 3.体会小鸟与大树间真挚的友情,使学生感悟到真正的友情是建立在诚信的基础上的。
一、说教材该内容是人教版小学数学四年级第八册第四单元的最后一个内容,是在学生已经掌握了把整万、整亿数改写成用万或亿作单位的数的基础上进行教学的。通过本节课的学习,要使学生能通过独立思考、合作交流,掌握把大数目改写成用“万”或“亿”作单位的数的方法,为以后能准确、恰当地运用数目描述生活现象打下良好的基础。根据本课的内容和学生已有的知识和心理特征,我制订如下教学目标:1、掌握把较大数改写成用“万”或“亿”作单位的数的方法,并能根据要求保留一定的小数位数。2、经历将一个数改写成用“万”或“亿”作单位的数的过程,体验数据记法的多样性。3、感受数学知识的应用性。理解和掌握把较大的数改写成用“万”或“亿”作单位的小数的方法是本课的教学重点。位数不够用0补足是本节课的难点。
三、教学目标根据《锦瑟》诗的地位作用以及学生的实际情况,还有在古诗词教学方面课程标准的相关要求,现确定以下“三维教学目标”:(一)知识与技能目标:感受体悟古典诗歌的意境美,发挥合理的主观能动性进行创新性的阅读鉴赏,正确认识意象在诗歌意境中的重要作用。并在上述的基础上提高鉴赏能力和审美情操。(二)过程与方法目标:《锦瑟》诗的讲解采用“引导与自我生成”的方法,从老师的引导开始,以学生的研讨交流再加之教师的总结结束。利用教师引导和师生互动刺激学生的领悟力,提高学生的认知水平与能力。(三)情感态度价值观目标:培养学生在尊重传统文化的基础上热爱祖国自己文化的态度,让学生正确认识古典诗词的精神美。最后在自我感悟中陶冶情操,明心启智。
(一)教学内容:教科书数学一年级上册第19-20的内容及练习二的第8-10题。(二)教材所处地位及作用:“几和几”数的组成知识是学习加减法的基础,这是一年级教学要注意的部分。在认数教学中,主要通过实物演示和动手操作的游戏,使学生知道了数的组成。(三)教学目标、重点、难点:教学目标:(1)使学生通过动手操作掌握5以内数的组成。(2)使学生能熟练地说出5以内数的级成,培养学生的观察、操作、表达能力,初步的自学能力。(3)培养学生认真做练习的良好习惯,积极动脑思考的学习品质及互助,创新意识和评价意识。教学重点:让学生通过动手操作掌握5以内数的组成教学难点:引导学生通过动手操作并掌握5以内数的组成。二、说教法本课时教学方法主要体现以下几点:1、创设游戏充分感知,然后再交流,使学生在主动参与知识的形成过程中体验到成功的快乐。最后,为学生创设了“分小棒”等游戏,让学生不断地动手操作与合作讨论中自己掌握知识,并初步培养学生的自学能力。
[设计意图:心理学研究表明低年级学生注意力集中时间较短,兴趣容易转移,针对这一特点,出示学生情有独钟的小动物,增加情趣性,充分激发学生的兴趣,形成探究的欲望。这种疑惑,正蕴含着不解、猜度以及思维的发动;这惊奇,则蕴含着求索、发现以及对思维的刺激。至于哪种积极的探究欲望,可使学生获得想象力和猜度的乐趣,维系发现和创造的信心。通过讲讲练练,既抓住了重点,又突破了难点。]4、回忆总结,系统建构请学生回答做连加时该提醒小朋友注意什么?最后师生共同小结。[设计意图:培养了学生口头表达能力,便于教师及时掌握情况,收取反馈信息,加深理解。促进学生的思维由具体形象逐步向抽象的逻辑思维过渡。](三)巩固强化,拓展思维1、基本题:(1)集体练习,摆一摆再填数,通过操作学具,巩固连加知识。(2)看图列连加算式计算。
(二)合作交流,探究新知出示例题。(小黑板)先全班同学读题,教师在解释说明题目中“存定期一年”表示什么意思。一般来说,存款主要分为定期、活期等储蓄方式。所谓活期存款是指储户可以随时提取的一种方式;定期存款是有一定期限的一种存款方式,定期存款又分为整存整取和零存整取等形式。现在银行的定期存款有三个月、六个月、一年、二年、三年、五年的等等。(让学生在议一议、说一说的基础上,说出自己是怎样想的,交流归纳对问题的认识,理解存款的定期、活期的年月限即时间,以及存款方式。)小丽存的是“定期一年”,即小丽在银行存的100元在一般情况下要在银行存一年,如果有特殊情况也可以提前提取。下面请同学们合作交流,思考如下几个问题。(出示投影片。)(1)你猜一猜,小丽把100元存入银行叫做什么?(本金)(2)你估算一下,小丽把100元存入银行,定期一年,全部取出,取出的钱会大于100元吗?为什么?
1、找一找出示七巧板图,设疑:图中你能找出几个梯形?这个梯子最多能达到多高的高度?(见课件)2、拼一拼:①利用两个完全一样的梯形,拼出一种你熟悉的图形。②利用多种梯形图片,摆出一种最喜欢的图案。创设问题情境,深化思维层次,构建知识体系1、通过活动,培养学生创新意识和审美情趣,充分体现“玩中学,学中玩”的新课程理念。2、教会学生在活动中运用新知、拓展思维、加深认识,增强了学生的参与意识和主体意识。3、在拼摆中渗透转化思想,为梯形的面积推导作铺垫,构建新知学习的立体框架。五、交流评价,总结升华1、小结全课:谈谈你的收获及感想。2、集体评价:自评、互评自己在本课中的表现。完善知识结构,训练思维品质,升华发现能力①通过人性化语言,体现以人为本思想。②引入互动评价方法,交流活动感受,形成自我反馈机制。
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