本节课是三角函数的继续,三角函数包含正弦函数、余弦函数、正切函数.而本课内容是正切函数的性质与图像.首先根据单位圆中正切函数的定义探究其图像,然后通过图像研究正切函数的性质. 课程目标1、掌握利用单位圆中正切函数定义得到图象的方法;2、能够利用正切函数图象准确归纳其性质并能简单地应用.数学学科素养1.数学抽象:借助单位圆理解正切函数的图像; 2.逻辑推理: 求正切函数的单调区间;3.数学运算:利用性质求周期、比较大小及判断奇偶性.4.直观想象:正切函数的图像; 5.数学建模:让学生借助数形结合的思想,通过图像探究正切函数的性质. 重点:能够利用正切函数图象准确归纳其性质并能简单地应用; 难点:掌握利用单位圆中正切函数定义得到其图象.
1.圆柱、圆锥、圆台的表面积与多面体的表面积一样,圆柱、圆锥、圆台的表面积也是围成它的各个面的面积和。利用圆柱、圆锥、圆台的展开图如图,可以得到它们的表面积公式:2.思考1:圆柱、圆锥、圆台的表面积之间有什么关系?你能用圆柱、圆锥、圆台的结构特征来解释这种关系吗?3.练习一圆柱的一个底面积是S,侧面展开图是一个正方体,那么这个圆柱的侧面积是( )A 4πS B 2πS C πS D 4.练习二:如图所示,在边长为4的正三角形ABC中,E,F分别是AB,AC的中点,D为BC的中点,H,G分别是BD,CD的中点,若将正三角形ABC绕AD旋转180°,求阴影部分形成的几何体的表面积.5. 圆柱、圆锥、圆台的体积对于柱体、锥体、台体的体积公式的认识(1)等底、等高的两个柱体的体积相同.(2)等底、等高的圆锥和圆柱的体积之间的关系可以通过实验得出,等底、等高的圆柱的体积是圆锥的体积的3倍.
② 命题的含义:判断一件事情的句子,叫做命题,如果一个句子没有对某一件事情作出任何判断,那么它就不是命题.活动目的:通过课后的总结,使学生对定义、命题等概念有更清楚的认识,让学生在头脑中对本节课进行系统的归纳与整理.教学效果:学生在有了前面对定义、特别是命题概念的学习后,能了解命题的结构,以及哪些是命题,使学生对命题的学习有了清楚的认识。第五环节 课后练习学习小组搜集八年级数学课本中的新学的部分定义、命题,看谁找得多.四、教学反思本节课的设计具有如下特点:(1)采用了“小品表演”的形式引入新课,意在激起学生对数学的兴趣,让学生知道,数学不是枯燥无味的。并能从表演中不同的人对“黑客”这个名词的不同理解更好地悟出“定义”的含义。
各位老师、同学们:大家上午好!今天我说课的题目是《世说新语》二则之《期行》。我将从教材分析、说教法学法、说教学过程、说板书设计等几个方面来进行我的说课。一、教材分析(一)说教材的地位和作用《世说新语》二则是语文出版社七年级上册的文言课文。《陈太丘与友期》是《世说新语》“方正”门中的,主要是写陈太丘之子元方聪颖机智,懂礼识仪。文中 “无信”“无礼”二词为全篇核心,可见作者的写作目的是借“陈元方责客”来说明“信”和“礼”的重要性。告诉学生一个道理——人必须明礼诚信。(二)说教学目标根据本教材的结构和内容分析,结合学生的认知结构及其心理特征,我制定了以下的教学目标:A:积累文言词语,疏通文意B:培养语感,培养阅读浅易文言文的能力。
明确:示例:①我读出了富春江的山是高峻、连绵、充满生机的,从“夹岸高山,皆生寒树,负势竞上,互相轩邈,争高直指,千百成峰”一句可以体现。②我读出了富春江的水是清澈、湍急的,从“水皆缥碧,千丈见底。游鱼细石,直视无碍。急湍甚箭,猛浪若奔”一句可以体现。要点:水的特征:清澈、湍急。山的特征:高峻、连绵、充满生机。目标导学四:修辞品析,写作借鉴1.本文综合运用了夸张、比喻、拟人、对偶等修辞手法,请举例并赏析其作用。明确:夸张:“千丈见底”“直视无碍”用夸张手法描写水的澄澈透明;比喻:“急湍甚箭,猛浪若奔”连用两个比喻,生动形象地描写水的湍急;拟人:“负势竞上,互相轩邈”把山拟人化,形象地写出了山的高峻和绵延不断;对偶:“泉水激石,泠泠作响;好鸟相鸣,嘤嘤成韵”运用对偶,句式整齐,极具音韵美。
第一环节:回顾引入活动内容:①什么叫做定义?举例说明.②什么叫命题?举例说明. 活动目的:回顾上节知识,为本节课的展开打好基础.教学效果:学生举手发言,提问个别学生.第二环节:探索命题的结构活动内容:① 探讨命题的结构特征观察下列命题,发现它们的结构有什么共同特征?(1)如果两个三角形的三条边对应相等,那么这两个三角形全等.(2)如果一个三角形是等腰三角形,那么这个三角形的两个底角相等.(3)如果一个四边形的一组对边平行且相等,那么这个四边形是平行四边形.(4)如果一个四边的对角线相等,那么这个四边形是矩形.(5)如果一个四边形的两条对角线互相垂直,那么这个四边形是菱形.② 总结命题的结构特征(1)上述命题都是“如果……,那么……”的形式.(2)“如果……”是已知的事项,“那么……”是由已知事项推断出的结论.
一、情境导入神舟十号是中国神舟号系列飞船之一,主要由推进舱(服务舱)、返回舱、轨道舱组成.神舟十号在酒泉卫星发射中心“921工位”,于2013年6月11日17时38分02.666秒发射,由长征二号F改进型运载火箭(遥十)“神箭”成功发射.在轨飞行十五天左右,加上发射与返回,其中停留天宫一号十二天,共搭载三位航天员——聂海胜、张晓光、王亚平.6月13日与天宫一号进行对接.6月26日回归地球.要读懂这段报导,你认为要知道哪些名称和术语的含义?二、合作探究探究点一:定义 下列语句属于定义的是()A.明天是晴天B.长方形的四个角都是直角C.等角的补角相等D.平行四边形是两组对边分别平行的四边形解析:作出正确选择的关键是理解定义的含义.A是对天气的预测,B是描述长方形的性质,C是描述补角的性质.只有D符合定义的概念.故选D.方法总结:定义指的是对术语和名称的含义的描述,是对一个事物区分于其他事物的本质特征的描述,而不是对其性质的判断.
求证:直角三角形的两个锐角互余.解析:分析这个命题的条件和结论,根据已知条件和结论画出图形,写出已知、求证,并写出证明过程.已知:如图所示,在△ABC中,∠C=90°.求证:∠A与∠B互余.证明:∵∠A+∠B+∠C=180°(三角形内角和等于180°),又∠C=90°,∴∠A+∠B=180°-∠C=90°.∴∠A与∠B互余.方法总结:解此类题首先根据题意将文字语言变成符号语言,画出图形,最后再经过分析论证,并写出证明的过程.三、板书设计命题分类公理:公认的真命题定理:经过证明的真命题证明:推理的过程经历实际情境,初步体会公理化思想和方法,了解本教材所采用的公理,让学生对真假命题有一个清楚的认识,从而进一步了解定理、公理的概念.培养学生的语言表达能力.
吴均是一位善写山水的大家,他自小好学而又才智出众,但“家世寒贱”,性格耿直。在门阀制度相当严格的南朝梁,出身于庶族寒门的人,想要在政治上得到重用,着实不易,再加上他性格直来直去,口无遮拦,更是会四处碰壁。所幸的是,起先著名文史学家沈约看中了吴均的文章,“颇相称赏”。接着,吴均得到了刺史柳恽的赏识,提拔他当了郡主簿,常在一起赋诗答对。他的诗文“清拔有古气”,自成一家,时人纷纷效仿,称为“吴均体”。书信内容为何是山水游记魏晋六朝是中国历史上政治最混乱、社会最痛苦的时代,然而却是精神上极自由、极富智慧和艺术精神的时代。大自然成了情趣高雅之士审美活动的重要背景和舞台,移情山水成了当时的社会风尚。在书信中描画山水,寄托情志,成为好友间交流的一种流行方式,文人们通过书信内敛地表露自己的人生取向,他们的文学经历给后世留下了宝贵的文化遗产。吴均的《与朱元思书》《与施从事书》和《与顾章书》,以及陶弘景的《答谢中书书》皆是如此。
The price is the same as(the price was)before the war.价格与战前相同。(4)定语从句中的“关系代词+助动词be”可以省略。The ticket(that/which was)booked by his sister has been sent to him.他妹妹订的那张票已送到了他那里。Step 5 PracticeActivity 3(1) Guide students to complete the four activities in the Using Structures part of exercise book, in which activities 1 and 2 focus on ellipsis in dialogue answers, activity 3 focus on signs and headlines, two typical situations where ellipsis is used, and activity 4 focus on ellipsis in diary, an informal style.(2) Combine the examples in the above activities, ask students to summarize the omitted situations in groups, and make their own summary into a poster, and post it on the class wall after class to share with the class.(This step should give full play to the subjectivity of students, and teachers should encourage students to conclude different ellipsis phenomena according to their own understanding, they can conclude according to the different parts omitted in the sentence.)Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the usages of ellipsis;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures of Workbook.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握省略的用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否根据上下文语境或情景恢复句子中省略的成分,体会使用省略的效果;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否独立完成练习册和导学案中的相关练习。
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点了解文章的结构和作者的写作逻辑;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否了解旧金山的城市风貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亚州的历史,体会多元文化对美国的影响。
该板块的活动主题是“介绍一个有显著文化特征的地方”( Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity)。该板块通过介绍中国城继续聚焦中国文化。本单元主题图呈现的是旧金山中国城的典型景象, Reading and Thinking部分也提到中国城,为该板块作铺垫。介绍中国城的目的主要是体现中国文化与美国多元文化的关系,它是美国多元文化的重要组成部分。中国城也是海外华人的精神家园和传播中国文化的重要窗口,外国人在中国城能近距离体验中国文化。1. Read the text to understand the cultural characteristics of Chinatown in San Francisco and the relationship between Chinese culture and American multiculturalism;2. Through reading, learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose and writing characteristics;3. Learn to give a comprehensive, accurate, and organized description of the city or town you live in;Learn to revise and evaluate your writing.Importance:1. Guide the students to read the introduction of Chinatown in San Francisco and grasp its writing characteristics;2. Guide students to introduce their city or town in a comprehensive, accurate and organized way;3. Learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose, and master the core vocabulary.
Activity 81.Grasp the main idea of the listening.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:Who are the two speakers in the listening? What is their relationship?What is the main idea of the first part of the listening? How about the second part?2.Complete the passage.Ask the students to quickly review the summaries of the two listening materials in activity 2. Then play the recording for the second time.Ask them to complete the passage and fill in the blanks.3.Play the recording again and ask the students to use the structure diagram to comb the information structure in the listening.(While listening, take notes. Capture key information quickly and accurately.)Step 8 Talking Activity 91.Focus on the listening text.Listen to the students and listen to the tape. Let them understand the attitudes of Wu Yue and Justin in the conversation.How does Wu Yue feel about Chinese minority cultures?What does Justin think of the Miao and Dong cultures?How do you know that?2.learn functional items that express concerns.Ask students to focus on the expressions listed in activity. 3.And try to analyze the meaning they convey, including praise (Super!).Agree (Exactly!)"(You're kidding.!)Tell me more about it. Tell me more about it.For example, "Yeah Sure." "Definitely!" "Certainly!" "No kidding!" "No wonder!" and so on.4.Ask the students to have conversations in small groups, acting as Jsim and his friends.Justin shares his travels in Guizhou with friends and his thoughts;Justin's friends should give appropriate feedback, express their interest in relevant information, and ask for information when necessary.In order to enrich the dialogue, teachers can expand and supplement the introduction of Miao, dong, Lusheng and Dong Dage.After the group practice, the teacher can choose several groups of students to show, and let the rest of the students listen carefully, after listening to the best performance of the group, and give at least two reasons.
1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握动词-ing形式作定语和表语的功能和意义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否在理解文段内容的基础上,根据上下文语境和表达逻辑,能正确运用动词-ing形式描述节日庆典。3、通过本节内容学习,学生是否归纳和积累用于表达情绪的相关词汇。
本板块的活动主题是“谈论节日活动”(Talk about festival activities),主要是从贴近学生日常生活的角度来切入“节日”主题。学生会听到发生在三个国家不同节日场景下的简短对话,对话中的人们正在参与或将要亲历不同的庆祝活动。随着全球化的进程加速,国际交流日益频繁,无论是国人走出国门还是外国友人访问中国,都已成为司空见惯的事情。因此,该板块所选取的三个典型节日场景都是属于跨文化交际语境,不仅每组对话中的人物来自不同的文化背景,对话者的身份和关系也不尽相同。1. Master the new words related to holiday: the lantern, Carnival, costume, dress(sb)up, march, congratulation, congratulate, riddle, ceremony, samba, make - up, after all. 2. To understand the origin of major world festivals and the activities held to celebrate them and the significance of these activities;3. Improve listening comprehension and oral expression of the topic by listening and talking about traditional festivals around the world;4. Improve my understanding of the topic by watching pictures and videos about different traditional festivals around the world;5. Review the common assimilation phenomenon in English phonetics, can distinguish the assimilated phonemes in the natural language flow, and consciously use the assimilation skill in oral expression. Importance:1. Guide students to pay attention to the attitude of the speaker in the process of listening, and identify the relationship between the characters;2. Inspire students to use topic words to describe the festival activities based on their background knowledge. Difficulties:In the process of listening to the correct understanding of the speaker's attitude, accurately identify the relationship between the characters.
Activity 41. Students complete the task of activity 4, then teachers and students check the answers. 2. The teacher organized the students to work together and asked them to use the tables and mind maps sorted out before to retold the important choices in Lin Qiaozhi's life and their resultsStep 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the core words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences. 2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes. 3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better. Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text; 2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences. 3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan. 1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点总结林巧稚的人生原则和人格品质特征;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否针对人生抉择发表自己的看法;能否全面地、客观地、理性地看待问题,进而对道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。
*wide range of origins(= a great number of different origins, many kinds of origins)*It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (=A parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports were included as important parts of the Egyptian harvest festival.)*.. some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(= Some traditions may disappear gradually, while other new traditions may come into being.)Step 6 Practice(1) Listen and follow the tape.The teacher may remind the students to pay attention to the meaning and usage of the black words in the context, so as to prepare for the completion of the blanks in activity 5 and vocabulary exercises in the exercise book.(2) Students complete the text of activity 5 by themselves.The teacher needs to remind the students to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the vocabulary they have learned in the text.Students exchange their answers with their partners, and then teachers and students check their answers.(3)Finish the Ex in Activity 5 of students’ book.Step 7 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Discuss the origin of festivals, the historical changes of related customs, the influence of commercial society on festivals and the connotation and essential meaning of festivals.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点快速而准确地找到主题句;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否理清论说文的语篇结构和文本逻辑,了解节日风俗发展与变迁,感悟节日的内涵与意义。
The joke set her crying.这个玩笑使她哭起来。Step 5 ReadingActivity 31. Students read the small text in activity 3. The teacher provides several small questions to check whether students understand the content of the text and the ideographic function of the -ing form in the text.*Where are those people?*Why did Dr Bethune come to China?*How did he help the Chinese people during the war?*What did Chairman Mao Zedong say about him?2. Ss try to rewrite some sentences using the -ing form. Then check the answers. When checking the answers, the teacher can ask different students to read the rewritten sentences and give comments.Answers:1. he became very interested in medicine, deciding to become a doctor.2. …after hearing that many people were dying in the war.3. Helping to organise hospitals, he taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid./ He helped to organise hospitals, teaching doctors and nurses, and showing people how to give first aid.4. …praising Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.Step 6 PracticeActivity 4Students complete grammar activities 2 and 3 on page 69 of the workbook.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握动词-ing形式作宾语补足语语和状语语的功能和意义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否正确使用动词-ing形式描述人物的行为、动作及其经历;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否独立完成练习册和导学案中的相关练习。
3.Teachers ask different groups to report the answers to the questions and ask them to try different sentence patterns.The teacher added some sentence patterns for students to refer to when writing.Step 4 Writing taskActivity 51.Write the first draft.Students first review the evaluation criteria in activity 5, and then independently complete the draft according to the outline of activity 4, the answers to the questions listed in the group discussion and report, and the reference sentence pattern.2.Change partners.The teacher guides the students to evaluate their partner's composition according to the checklist of activity 5 and proposes Suggestions for modification.3.Finalize the draft.Based on the peer evaluation, students revise their own compositions and determine the final draft.Finally, through group recommendation, the teacher selects excellent compositions for projection display or reading aloud in class, and gives comments and Suggestions.Step 5 Showing writingActivity 5T call some Ss to share their writing.Step 6 Homework1. Read the passage in this section to better understand the passage.2. Carefully understand the hierarchical structure of the article, and deeply understand the plot of the story according to the causes, process and results;3. Independently complete the relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否通过人物言行的对比分析道德故事的深层内涵;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否根据故事的起因、经过和结果来深入理解故事的情节,从而了解文章的层次结构;4、结合现实生活案例发表自己的见解和看法,写一篇观点明确、层次分明的故事评论。
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class. Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:Time order: first of all, then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although, butTeachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventuallySpatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front ofOtherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well asSummary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in briefStep 8 Homework1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否通过说话人所表达的内容、说话的语气、语调等来判断其态度和情绪;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否针对具体的道德困境发表自己的看法和见解,能否掌握听力理训练中的听力策略。
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