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人教版高中数学选修3分类变量与列联表教学设计
一、 问题导学前面两节所讨论的变量,如人的身高、树的胸径、树的高度、短跑100m世界纪录和创纪录的时间等,都是数值变量,数值变量的取值为实数.其大小和运算都有实际含义.在现实生活中,人们经常需要回答一定范围内的两种现象或性质之间是否存在关联性或相互影响的问题.例如,就读不同学校是否对学生的成绩有影响,不同班级学生用于体育锻炼的时间是否有差别,吸烟是否会增加患肺癌的风险,等等,本节将要学习的独立性检验方法为我们提供了解决这类问题的方案。在讨论上述问题时,为了表述方便,我们经常会使用一种特殊的随机变量,以区别不同的现象或性质,这类随机变量称为分类变量.分类变量的取值可以用实数表示,例如,学生所在的班级可以用1,2,3等表示,男性、女性可以用1,0表示,等等.在很多时候,这些数值只作为编号使用,并没有通常的大小和运算意义,本节我们主要讨论取值于{0,1}的分类变量的关联性问题.
人教版高中数学选修3离散型随机变量及其分布列(2)教学设计
温故知新 1.离散型随机变量的定义可能取值为有限个或可以一一列举的随机变量,我们称为离散型随机变量.通常用大写英文字母表示随机变量,例如X,Y,Z;用小写英文字母表示随机变量的取值,例如x,y,z.随机变量的特点: 试验之前可以判断其可能出现的所有值，在试验之前不可能确定取何值；可以用数字表示2、随机变量的分类①离散型随机变量:X的取值可一、一列出；②连续型随机变量:X可以取某个区间内的一切值随机变量将随机事件的结果数量化．3、古典概型:①试验中所有可能出现的基本事件只有有限个；②每个基本事件出现的可能性相等。二、探究新知探究1.抛掷一枚骰子,所得的点数X有哪些值？取每个值的概率是多少？ 因为X取值范围是{1，2，3，4，5，6}而且"P(X=m)"=1/6,m=1,2,3,4,5,6.因此X分布列如下表所示
人教版高中数学选修3一元线性回归模型及其应用教学设计
1.确定研究对象，明确哪个是解释变量，哪个是响应变量；2.由经验确定非线性经验回归方程的模型；3.通过变换，将非线性经验回归模型转化为线性经验回归模型；4.按照公式计算经验回归方程中的参数，得到经验回归方程；5.消去新元，得到非线性经验回归方程；6.得出结果后分析残差图是否有异常 ．跟踪训练1.一只药用昆虫的产卵数y与一定范围内的温度x有关，现收集了6组观测数据列于表中： 经计算得： 线性回归残差的平方和: ∑_(i=1)^6?〖(y_i-(y_i ) ?)〗^2=236,64,e^8.0605≈3167.其中 分别为观测数据中的温度和产卵数，i=1,2,3,4,5,6.(1)若用线性回归模型拟合，求y关于x的回归方程 (精确到0.1）；(2)若用非线性回归模型拟合，求得y关于x回归方程为 且相关指数R2＝0.9522． ①试与(1)中的线性回归模型相比较，用R2说明哪种模型的拟合效果更好 ?②用拟合效果好的模型预测温度为35℃时该种药用昆虫的产卵数.(结果取整数).
人教版高中语文《林黛玉进贾府》教案
第一课时（初步熟悉课文，理清林黛玉进贾府的行踪）一、导入课文谈话要点：1、有关中国的四大著名古典长篇幅小说：即《红楼梦》曹雪芹，《西游记》吴承恩，《三国演义》罗贯中，《水浒传》施耐庵。2、《红楼梦》又名《石头记》是我国古典小说的四大名著之一。全书以宝黛爱情为主线，揭露了封建统治的罪恶和腐朽，揭示了封建社会必然灭亡的历史以展趋势。本文选自《红楼梦》故事的第三回《金陵起复贾雨村，荣国府收养林黛玉》，是全书的序幕组成部分之一。本文以林黛玉进贾府的一天行踪为线索，通过她的所见所闻，介绍了贾府的一大批批重要人物，弄错时展现了贾府与众不同“的豪华府北，拉开了《红楼梦》故事的帷幕。3、《红楼梦》人物众多，为了使用权我们了解众多的人物关系，我们印发了下表，供同学们参考。
人教版高中语文《过秦论》教案
【教学目的】1．了解作者反对暴政、提倡仁政的政治主张在当时条件下的进步意义及其历史局限。教育学生不应只着眼于秦之兴衰，而应学习作者把研究历史与指导现实相结合的可贵精神，从而明白“以史为鉴”“古为今用”的意义，达到把知识转化为能力的目的。2．学习课文从史实对比中引出结论的写作方法；理解课文中对偶、排比等修辞手法在表情达意方面的作用，并结合单元知识短文掌握如何在翻译中恰当处理修辞格的知识。【教学设想】1．通过预习指导，使学生借助课文的注释、工具书和参考资料了解时代背景、作者简况及各段大意，疏通文句。2．讲授课文，指出作者政治主张的历史局限时，不必在什么是秦二世而亡的真正原因上旁征博引，同时对文中涉及的历史人物及史实，也不要过多介绍。可在课外指导学生读点通史或历史故事（如《东周列国志》，虽是小说，但基本事件多见诸其书）。
人教版高中语文《离骚》教案
2.亦余心之所善兮。虽九死其犹未悔评析：这一句表明屈原志向不改，坚贞不屈。真可说是一条铁骨铮铮的汉子。屈原最不能容忍的是那群无耻小人对他的恶毒诬蔑，一会说他穿着奇装异服，一会又说他面容姣好，肯定是个善淫之辈。这群人追名逐利，篡改法令，歪曲是非，混淆黑白，竞相谄媚，把朝廷弄得乌烟瘴气。屈原下决心绝对不和他们合流，他自比不合群的鸷鸟，孤傲、矫健，“自前世而固然”，他不想改变，也无法改变，这就像方圆不能周，异道不相安一样。在这里，屈原清楚地预感到了自己的结局，但他并不后悔自己的选择。句中“虽九死其犹未悔”和同出自于《离骚》的“路曼曼其修远兮，吾将上下而求索”诗句是后人引以自勉和共勉最多的句子。运用：(翻译)只要是我心中所向往喜欢的，即使死去九次也不会后悔。3.民生各有所乐兮，余独好修以为常。虽体解吾犹未变兮，岂余心之可惩。
人教版高中语文《沁园春》教案
【重点、难点及解决办法】1．以乐景写哀，景中寓情，情中显志。从词中可以感受到词人的心情是惆怅的，写的又是寒秋景物，却毫无过去一般旧诗词里的那种肃杀、感伤的“悲秋”情调，词人笔下的秋景是活泼、美好的。原因在于越写山河的壮丽，就越使人感到人民不能主宰大地的可悲，越感到革命的必要。词人正是在这不一致中突出了强烈的革命精神。当然，这里面也含有热爱祖国壮丽河山的感情。2．对比手法的运用。词中含有多种对比，使描绘的形象鲜明，如“万山红遍”与“漫江碧透”主要是颜色的对比；“鹰击长空”与“鱼翔浅底”、“指点江山”与“激扬文字”主要是动作的对比；“同学少年”与“万户侯”是明比；“万类霜天竞自由”与人民的被压迫（未在词中点明）是暗含的对比。
人教版高中语文《诗经》教案
《诗经》的重章叠唱及表现手法《诗经》善于运用重章叠唱来表达思想感情，即重复的几章间，意义和字面都只有少量改变，造成一唱三叹的效果。增强了诗歌的音乐性和节奏感，更充分的抒发了情怀。《诗经》里大量运用了赋、比、兴的表现手法，加强了作品的形象性，获得了良好的艺术效果。所谓“赋”是“敷陈其事而直言之”。这包括一般陈述和铺排陈述两种情况。“比”是“以彼物比此物”，也就是比喻之意。而“兴”则是《诗经》乃至中国诗歌中比较独特的手法。“兴”字的本义是“起”。《诗经》中的“兴”是“先言他物以引起所咏之辞”，也就是借助其他事物为所咏之内容作铺垫。它往往用于一首诗或一章诗的开头。大约最原始的“兴”，只是一种发端，同下文并无意义上的关系，表现出思绪无端地飘移联想。
人教版高中语文《祝福》教案
C．人们的态度：“大家仍然叫她祥林嫂”，称呼依旧。这一淡淡的似乎不经意的过渡语，在具体语境中却隐含着深刻的蕴涵，反映出鲁四一家对祥林嫂的第二次婚姻冷酷而坚决地不予承认的态度。“仍然叫她祥林嫂”，而不是“贺六嫂”，绝不是习惯使然，而是反映了封建礼教观念对寡妇再嫁的完全否定。人们叫她的“声调和先前很不同”；“也还和她讲话，但笑容却冷冷的了”。整个鲁镇社会在伦理观念上与鲁四仿佛是形成了共识的，音调的变化，笑容的冷冷，反映出人物关系的变化，充分表现出社会环境与祥林嫂的严重对立。77人们很少同情和怜悯她，对她讲述的“阿毛的故事”很快就厌倦了，并把她作为取笑的对象。人们对祥林嫂的态度，使她感到痛苦与迷惑。她不时地向人们诉说着自己不幸的遭遇，她的精神却惨遭蹂躏。而柳妈的说鬼又给祥林嫂新的打击。D．柳妈说鬼：柳妈是一个怎样的人？祥林嫂为什么要化那么大的代价去捐门槛？捐门槛后祥林嫂有哪些变化？
人教版高中语文《劝学》教案
(1)吾尝(曾经)终日而思矣，不如须臾(片刻)之所学也；吾尝肢(踮起脚跟)而望矣，不如登高之博见(看得广)也。(学、思对比，强调了学习的作用；跛望与登高对比，登高的收获大。两例证明利用学习、利用外物的作用。)(2)登高而招(招手)，臂非加长也，而见者(看的人)远(远也看得见)；顺风而呼(呼喊)，声非加疾(快)也，而闻者(听的人)彰(听得更清楚)。(两例证明利用自然条件的作用。)(3)假(借助)舆马者(的人)，非利足(快脚)也，而致(达到)千里；假舟楫者，非能水(善游)也，而绝(横渡)江河。(两例证明利用工具的作用。)(4)君子生(性)非异也，善假(利用)于(对)物(外物)也。连用比喻，得出结论：那些有才德的君子，生来本性与普通人没有什么两样(生非异也)，只是由于他善于利用学得的知识和本领，善于利用处界条件弥补自身的不足，不断提高自己，所以才成为君子的。
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教学设计
当孩子们由父母陪同时，他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3．过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (＝If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟，我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (＝Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动，她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (＝Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来，但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时，可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (＝and was followed by two students)．后面跟着两个学生，老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(＝and was accompanied by his mom)．他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Learning about Language教学设计
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys： 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Reading and thinking教学设计
Step 5： After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Using langauge教学设计
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 2 Bridging Cultures-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 5 First Aid-Discovering useful structures教学设计
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2．动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing，即“sb./sb.'s＋doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式：①形容词性物主代词＋动词ing②名词所有格＋动词ing③代词宾格＋动词ing④名词＋动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？Excuse me for my not coming on time．很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了，他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
人教版高中语文《寡人之于国也》教案
二、孟子的仁政思想1．民本思想。孟子说：“民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。是故得乎丘民而为天子，得乎天子为诸侯，得乎诸侯为大夫。”（《孟子·尽心下》）得到百姓拥护的人才能成为天子，得到天子欢心的人可以成为诸侯，得到诸侯欢心的人可以成为大夫，可见“民为贵”的道理。孟子在尖锐复杂的阶级斗争中看到人民的力量，认为社会安定的前提在于百姓的安居乐业，这一点在当时也是有积极意义的。2．邦国的主权在民。孟子与梁惠王谈话，梁惠王问：“天下恶乎定？”孟子回答：“定于一。”梁惠王问：“孰能一之？”孟子回答：“不嗜杀人者能一之。”梁惠王问：“孰能与之？”孟子回答：“天下莫不与也。”（《孟子·梁惠王上》）意思是说，如果一个君王不嗜杀戮，那么，天下没有不愿意把政权交给这个君王的人。万章问孟子：“尧以天下与舜，有诸？”孟子说：“否；天子不能以天下与人。”万章问：“然则舜有天下也，孰与之？”孟子说：“天与之。”
人教版高中语文《老人与海》教案
2．避免使用过多的描写手法，避免过多地使用形容词，特别是华丽的辞藻，尽量采用直截了当的叙述和生动鲜明的对话，因此，句子简短，语汇准确生动。在塑造桑地亚哥这一形象时，他的笔力主要集中在真实而生动地再现老人与鲨鱼搏斗的场景上。鲨鱼的来势凶猛，老人的沉着迎战，机敏矫捷，都写得生动逼真。如写鲨鱼出现的情形，“当一大股暗黑色的血沉在一英里深的海里然后又散开的时候，它就从下面水深的地方窜上来。它游得那么快，什么也不放在眼里，一冲出蓝色的水面就涌现在太阳光下。”这段描写没有一个比喻句和形容词，但鲨鱼的凶猛、快捷，形势的紧迫却立刻展示在读者面前，清新洗练的叙述文字和反复锤炼的日常用语，使人读来有身临其境之感。文中对大海的描写粗犷简洁，犹如一幅水墨山水画，读来令人心旷神怡，美不胜收。
人教版高中语文《诗两首》教案
二、作者简介“雨巷诗人”的大名我们早已听过,有谁知道作者的基本情况?根据学生回答总结:戴望舒生于杭州,望舒是他给自己起的笔名,出自屈原的《离骚》:”前望舒使先驱兮,后飞廉使奔属。”望舒是神话传说中替月亮驾车的天神,纯洁而温柔,多情又潇洒。戴望舒出生于3月5日,照西方星象学的说法,属于双鱼座。双鱼座的人浪漫柔情,以爱情为生命的养分,意志薄弱,喜好幻想,逃避现实,优柔寡断。戴望舒就是典型的双鱼座性格。三,诗歌赏析:1、有这样温柔多情的笔名,又有这样浪漫柔和的性情,戴望舒笔下流淌出来的诗句也必然是细腻多情的,下面就让我们共同欣赏这首《雨巷》。师配乐朗诵。
