我从小就喜欢读书,现在,读书更成为了我生活中的一部分!一本好书,一杯清茶,无数个宁静的早晨,美丽的黄昏,温馨的夜晚,在书中和伟人交流思想,穿越时空的隧道,和名家大师一起分享读书的乐趣。是啊!一个人,无论在什么位置,无论多么贫冷,无论多么艰难,只要有一颗火热的心,只要能热爱生活,生活对你就是同等的。读书能给我们带来巨大的欢快,在读书中,我不断的发现自己,检查自己,丰富自己,提升自己。文章中心与书为伴,我一天天的变得充实;与书为伴,我一天天动的人生的真谛;与书为伴,我一天天长大为一名优秀的小学语文老师。
一、引入:教师列举以下言论,让学生辨出哪些是孟子的,哪些不是。学生不知道的,由教师说出。学生不理解的,教师作简要解说。1.天将降大任于是人也,必先苦其心志,劳其筋骨,饿其体肤,空乏其身,行拂乱其所为。所以动心忍性,曾益其所不能。(孟子)2.域民不以封疆之界,固国不以山溪之险,威天下不以兵革之利。得道者多助,失道者寡助。(孟子)3.鱼,亦我所欲也,熊掌,亦我所欲也,二者不可得兼,舍鱼而取熊掌者也。生,亦我所欲也,义,亦我所欲也,二者不可得兼,舍生而取义者也。(孟子)4.富贵不能淫,贫贱不能移,威武不能屈。(孟子)5.非礼勿视,非礼勿听,非礼勿言,非礼勿动。(孔子)6.无恻隐之心非人也,无羞恶之心非人也,无辞让之心非人也,无是非之心非人也。(孟子)7.庖有肥肉,厩有肥马,民有饥色,野有饿殍。(孟子)8.人性之善也,犹水之就下也;人无有不善,水无有不下。(孟子)9.民为贵,社稷次之,君为轻。(孟子)10.君子坦荡荡,小人常戚戚。(孔子)
(3)改造主观世界同改造客观世界的关系。改造客观世界同改造主观世界,是相互联系、相互作用的。改造主观世界是为了更好地改造客观世界,人们在改造客观世界的同时也改造着自己的主观世界。通过自觉改造主观世界,又能提高改造客观世界的能力。师:人们对自己的思想道德境界的追求,是永远止境的。让我们共同努力,在践行社会主义思想道德的过程中,不断追求更高的目标,像无数先辈那样,加入到为共产主义远大理想而奋斗的行列中吧!课堂小结通过本节课学习使我们认识到面对现实生活中的思想道德冲突,加强知识文化修养和思想道德修养,不断追求更高的思想道德目标的必要性;把握了知识文化修养与思想道德修养的含义及其相互关系;明确了我们应该和怎样追求更高的思想道德目标;认识到这是一个永无止境的过程。我们要脚踏实地,从现在做起、从点滴小事做起,不断提高知识文化修养和思想道德修养,追求更高的思想道德目标。
生2:每逢清明,或其他一些死者的纪念日,人们总要为死去的亲人烧纸钱。这幅漫画由烧纸钱演变为烧“家电”,说明随着社会环境的变化,人们根深蒂固的一些封建思想,还在影响着人们的生活。要花大力气去破除封建迷信活动。师:说到底,算命、烧纸钱是封建迷信活动,从文化角度来说,是落后文化。我们一起来看看在现实生活中,还有哪些落后文化在影响着人们的生活。生1:在一些边远落后地区,大人小孩生了病,不是看医生,而是让巫婆神汉来治,结果往往耽误了诊疗时间,有的甚至还丢掉了性命。生2:“重男轻女”“多子多福”,红白事大操大办现象在有些地方还很严重。师:这些落后文化都有哪些共同特征?在你看来,这些现象有哪些危害?生3:这些落后文化,在内容上带有迷信、愚昧、颓废、庸俗等色彩,在形式上常常以传统习俗的形式表现出来,如人们常见的看相、算命、测字、看风水等。它会麻痹人的意志,使人消极、悲观、绝望,对理想、前途、信念丧失信心;破坏社会的风气。
4、学习全词:(1)背景介绍,让学生看课文中的年代,然后让学生回忆1925年的毛泽东的情况,老师适当提示,让学生了解其背景。(出示幻灯片)(2)学生自由朗读,结合注释和背景理解诗词。(3)师生共同理解全词①先让学生齐读前三句,思考正确的语序,并用正常的语序解释。②品味第三到第十句,这里是教学的一个重点,要让学生先读,再理解,在此基础上训练学生的想象能力。③分析上阙中的最后三句。④小结上阙。提出了一个问题“谁主沉浮”让学生在文中找内容回答,然后转入下阙内容的分析。⑤分析下阙内容,回答“谁主沉浮”的问题,突出本文主旨5、描绘诗词形象:学生用自己的语言把上阙的内容生动地描绘出来。6、欣赏学生优秀作品。(根据时间具体而定,也可以作为课后作业)
四、教学方法和学法。课前学生搜集有关《诗经》的资料必不可少。另外,时隔数千年,年代久远,文字的障碍很大,然而,过分纠缠于文字的疏通会破坏诗歌的“气”,丧失诗歌的“神”,所以在学习时,应舍去条分缕析的理论评价,指导学生结合注释疏通文字,然后引领他们经由文字再现形象和事件,经由形象和事件领略情感,感受其中浓浓的诗情。诵读的环节是重要的,配以二胡独奏《长相思》,营造意境,学生沉浸在音乐营造的意境中反复吟咏,读出节奏,读出音调,读出感情,细细体味,让或优或喜的情愫萦绕心间,我们就触到了先民的灵魂。比兴手法为《诗经》独创,重章叠句同样别致而新鲜,教学过程中结合具体语境让学生自己去发现并进行讨论,不搞枯燥的知识传授。还引入讲故事、改写两种活泼的学习形式,从而达到加深理解的目的。
(二)分析课文,理清思路第1、2段为第一部分,主要是叙事、写景,先叙述集会的时间、地点,然后渲染出兰亭优美的自然环境。在这里足以“游目骋怀”“极视听之娱”,可以自由地观察、思考,满足人们目视耳闻的需求。这里正是与会“畅叙幽情”、尽兴尽欢的绝好处所。这些描写都富有诗情画意,作者的情感是轻松愉快的。第3、4段为第二部分,主要是抒情、议论,作者由美景妙时引发出乐与忧、生与死的感慨。他认为人生的快乐是有极限的,待快乐得到满足时,就会感觉兴味索然。往事转眼间便成为历史,人到了生命的尽头就会死亡。作者由“一死生为虚诞,齐彭殇为妄作”的认识,产生了一种珍惜时间、眷恋生活、热爱文明的思考。虽然文中的寿夭、生死不能自由决定,从而有些伤感,但作者仍然认识到盛衰、生死是必然的。人生无常,时不我待,故著文留传后世,以承袭前人,启示来者。
3、拓展延伸,启迪心智,创设课堂训练营。三、说学法1、纸上得来终觉浅,圈点、勾画、批注法,学好文言基本功。2、自主合作加探究,眼耳口脑手并用,破疑解难在其中。四、说课时安排《鸿门宴》篇幅较长,文言知识较丰富,文章内涵丰厚,因此我设计用五课时教学本文。第一课时:了解作家作品,积累文言知识,感受作者隐忍发愤的著书精神(初读)第二课时:理清故事情节,概括人物形象,学习客观地评论历史人物,(熟读)第三课时:进一步梳理文言知识,精读课文,要求读透。(精读)第四课时:通过对人物、事件的赏析,加深学生对人物的理解,锻炼学生的开放性思维,由学生自主认识到人物的性格,悲剧的原因等问题。(赏读)第五课时:补充课本教学内容:同学生一起阅读古今关于刘邦项羽的一些篇章:让学生投入进来,把握自己眼中的项羽。(展读)在文言文学习的过程中,采取五步学习法:初读-熟读-精读-赏读-展读(板书)
[教学反思]人教版高中语文必修二第三单元安排了《兰亭集序》《赤壁赋》《游褒禅山记》三篇古代山水游记散文,它们借游赏之事,探索生命的意义、治学的道理。师者,所以传道、授业、解惑也。高中的教材选用的都是历史经典名篇,每一篇都闪烁着儒道释等百家光辉的思想。编者要老师传道的意图很明显。即非如此,看着这些影响历代、影响世界的如日月之耀眼光华的伟大思想就躺在我们的教科书里,又如何能不讲呢?所以,我将本课的教学重难点拟定为:帮助学生建立积极的生死观,掌握多角度看问题的正确的思想方法。当然,也让学生领会了融写景、抒情、说理于一炉的大家手法。整堂课各教学环节,环环相扣,过渡自然,读、思、议、写训练到位,而且全部围绕“生死观”展开,如一篇形散神不散的散文。
学法指导:高一学生对文言文阅读已具备了一些基础知识和积累,但对如何学习文言文,还是一个新课题,因此教师应引导学生掌握学习方法,运用已有的知识框架同化新信息,建立新的智能,逐步走向独立学习的境界。一、引导学生利用课文注释,使用工具书自己翻译,必要时教师进行点拨、解难,培养自学能力。二、告诉学生翻译文言文要遵循的原则。三、调动学生思考、讨论、交流的积极性,教师适时点拨,培养学生发现问题、解决问题的能力。四、提示学生反复诵读课文,体会文章所阐述的道理。五、鼓励学生及时归纳学习文言文的方法,注意积累文言文知识。教学程序:教学本课可安排2课时。第一课时:1、导入新课:首先给学生介绍毛泽东的七绝诗《为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》:“暮色苍茫看劲松,乱云飞渡仍从容。天生一个仙人洞,无限风光在险峰。”学生通过诵读领会了“无限风光在险峰”一句的含义。随后因势利导,引出课题,指出今天我们要学习的王安石的《游褒禅山记》,就含有类似的深邃哲理。
【教学目标】我设置的本课的教学目标有三个:1、知识与技能(1)了解曹雪芹及《红楼梦》(2)学习通过一个人物的行踪、所见所闻,介绍典型环境,认识封建贵族阶级豪奢极耻的生活以及森严的等级、礼仪制度(3)分析小说人物出场的描写艺术,培养学生分析小说人物形象的能力。(4)一叶落而知秋”,通过对“林黛玉进贾府”这一故事情节的把握是否能引发对《红楼梦》的认知兴趣,并找到一个突破口,有针对性地进行自主探究,进而进行个性化解读。(5)整体认知小说,认识小说悲剧的必然性和思想价值.2、过程与方法(1)用直观演示和归纳探究法分析文章要点。(2)用讨论探究法体验作者对文中人物的情感态度。3、情感态度价值观(1)正确理解《红楼梦》的思想内涵,培养学生热爱祖国传统文化的思想感情。(2)认识封建大家族的腐朽没落,理解贾宝玉追求个性自由反封建的精神。
一、导入新课人类社会越来越现代化,新科学技术日新月异,令人目不暇接,称之到了“知识爆炸”的时代也毫不为过。由此而来的是生活的快节奏,学习和工作的竞争也越来越激烈。这种竞争一直波及到了儿童,加之中国几千年来形成的望子成龙的传统观念,使作父母的把一切希望都寄托在孩子身上,实现自己未能实现的理想。祖孙三代4、2、1的局面,使12只眼睛都盯在了孩子身上,真是走路怕摔着,吃饭怕噎着,干活怕累着,要星星不敢摘月亮,要吃什么跑遍全城也要买来。这种过分保护、溺爱及过早地灌输知识会得到什么结果呢?乐观者说孩子越来越聪明,越来越早熟,将来能更好适应现代化的要求;悲观者则认为豆芽菜式的孩子将来经不起风浪,小皇帝太多了很难凝聚成统一力量,将来谁去当兵,谁去干那些艰苦创业性工作……。对孩子本身来说,是幸福还是……在此不想多发议论,还是让我们来看看动物世界的孩子们吧,也许会得到某种启迪。
(1)“问君西游何时还……使人听此凋朱颜。”诗题下未注明送何人入蜀,所以这里的“问君”无妨假定实有其人,可以读得亲切一些。将行而问“何时还”,已有不可行之意,重音要落在“不可攀”三字上,当用劝说的语气读。以下四句借鸟声渲染旅途中悲凉凄清的氛围,读时要放低声调,有干里孤身之感,至“愁空山”徐徐而上。然后用感喟的语调读主旨句,至“凋朱颜”略作一顿,以示意犹未尽。(2)“连峰去天不盈尺……胡为乎来哉!”仍是说不可行,但内容加深了一层,因为说的是蜀道的险恶。前四句不是纯客观的描写,读时须设想这是旅游者攀援于“连峰”“绝壁”之上置身于“飞湍瀑流”之间,要使听者感到惊心动魄。读后可作稍长停顿,再用“其险也如此”缓缓收住。末句是诗人借用蜀人的口气,对历险而来的游者深表叹息——“胡为乎来哉”不是询问,当用降调读,暗含“何苦而来”之意。
一. 教材分析1. 本单元的中心话题是“计算机(Computers)”,内容涉及计算机的发展历史,计算机的应用等。本节课是该单元的第一课时,我将Warming up, Pre-reading and Comprehending这四部分整合为一节精读课。其中。Reading部分是题为WHO AM I?的文章,以第一人称的拟人手法介绍了计算机发长演变的历史和计算机在各个领域的应用,其主旨是表达计算机的发展变化之快以及在生活中用途之广。而Warming up部分以图片的形式展现了计算机的发展历程;Pre-reading中的问题和排序分别是为了预测语篇的内容和测试学生对计算机历史了解的情况;Comprehending则通过各项练习训练学生的阅读技能,从而加深对文章的理解。可见这几部分是一个有机的整体。2. 教学目标:1) 语言目标:重点词汇及短语:abacus, calculate, calculator, PC, laptop, PDA, robot, analytical, technological, universal, mathematical, artificial, intelligent, network, explore, in common, as a result.重点句子:a. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1963 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and build a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem.
When it comes to the students’ studying methods, I'd like to introduce my Ss first. The Ss have a good command of basic language points. They’re interested in learning English, and they take an active part in English class, so they will have fun in autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning. I will just serve as a guide, showing them the way to explore how to make more progress in their English learning.Now it’s time for the most important stage of this lesson. My teaching procedures are arranged as follows:Step1.Leading-in (3 minute)Play a video of a wide variety of wildlife to introduce my topic. Step2. Speaking (12 minutes)We will use our textbook Page25. Let the Ss fast read the short paragraph to warm up. Ask them to talk about the report on some endangered wildlife in China with the dialogue patterns on the screen. Lastly, I will invite some groups to demonstrate their dialogues about saving wildlife in China.Step3.English play (3 minutes)Watch another video in praise of their excellent performance just now. It’s about Jack Chen’s(成龙)and Yang Ziqiong’s wildlife protection.Step4. Listening (twice 13 minutes)This time, I’ll ask the Ss to fill in the blanks of the monologue of the 2 movie stars above. Step5.Discussion (3 minutes)Which would you like to choose to wear, clothes made of cotton, artificial leather or animal skins? Why ?Step6. Summary (3 minutes)1. If there were no wildlife, there wouldn’t exist human beings. If the buying stops, the killing can, too.2. Animals are our friends. To love animals is to love ourselves. Stop hunting, killing and destroying wildlife.3. Let’s live in harmony with all the living things in the world. Step7. Music appreciation (3 minutes)Let the Ss appreciate the song Earth Song by Michael Jackson. Last but not the least, I will show you my blackboard design.
Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill
Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
基于以上分析,为使本堂课围绕重点、突破难点,同时让学生在课堂教学中能力得到提高,我设计如下教学过程。(一)创设情景认识形变由同学们已有的形变知识入手,引入新课。教师演示:①弹簧的压缩形变;②弹簧的拉伸形变③视频播放:竹竿形变、钢丝的扭转形变。得出形变的概念及各类形变。[设计意图:我从生活情景中引入新课,是为了激发学生的好奇心,为学生学习重点和难点内容作铺垫。]设问:摩天大楼在风的吹拂下会不会摆动,发生形变吗?演示微小形变放大实验:由于这种形变不容易观察,会使学生产生疑问:到底有没有发生形变?解决的办法是微小形变的演示实验。为什么光点会往下移?让学生带着问题思考后得出结论:是由于桌面发生了形变,但是形变不明显。为后面解决压力和支持力都是弹力做好铺垫。[设计意图:使学生知道“放大”是一种科学探究的方法。]
1.说教材《记念刘和珍君》是鲁迅先生用饱醮着热泪,用悲愤的笔调写下的一篇感人至深的散文,既有对爱国青年沉痛的悼念,又有对反动派愤怒的控诉,也有对觉醒的国民的呐喊。《记念刘和珍君》是高中语文必修1第三单元第一课的讲读课文。文中描摹人物的音容笑貌,叙述人物的行为事迹,都融入了作者真挚的情感和深刻的感悟。对学生明辨是非,领悟时代精神和人生意义,有着重要的作用。新课标强调了要全面提升高中学生的语文素养,初步形成正确的世界观、人生观、价值观,并学会收集、判断、处理信息,具有人文素养、创新精神与实践能力。同时,《记念刘和珍君》感情真挚,感悟深刻,具有典型人文性。结合本单元教学目标,确立教学目标如下。
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