2、测量。各个组的成员根据上面的设计方案在小组长的带领下到操场测量相关数据。比一比,哪组最先测量完并回到教室?(二)根据测量结果计算相关物体高度。时间为2分钟。要求:独立计算,并填写好实验报告上。(三)展示测量结果。时间为3分钟。各组都将自己计算的结果报告,看哪些同学计算准确些?(四)整理实验报告,上交作为作业。此活动主要是让学生通过动手实践,分工合作,近一步理解三角函数知识,以及从中体会学习数学的重要性,培养学生学习数学的兴趣和激情,增强团队意识。四、小结:本节课你有哪些收获?你的疑惑是什么?(2分钟)1、 知识上:2、 思想方法上:五、板书设计1、目标展示在小黑板上2、自主学习的问题展示在小黑板上3、学生设计的方案示意图在小组展示板上展示
二、教法分析为了让学生较好掌握本课内容,本节课主要采用观察法、讨论法等教学方法,通过创设情境,使学生由浅到深,由易到难分层次对本节课内容进行掌握。三、学法分析本课要求学生通过自主地观察、讨论、反思来参与学习,认识和理解数学知识,学会发现问题并尝试解决问题,在学习活动中进一步提升自己的能力。四、教学过程创设问题情景,引入新课活动内容:寻找不等的量 课本例一,例二设计目的:学生体会在现实生活中除了存在许多等量关系外,更多的是不等关系的存在,并通过感受生活中的大量不等关系,初步体会不等式是刻画量与量之间关系的重要数学模型。经历由具体实例建立不等式模型的过程,进一步发展学生的符号感与数学化的能力。课本例四,例五设计目的:培养学生数学抽象能力,提高把实际问题转化为数学问题的能力。六.课堂小结体会 常量与常量间的不等关系变量与常量间的不等关系变量与变量间的不等关系
设计意图:考虑学生的个别差异,分层次布置作业,让基础差的学生能够吃饱,基础好的学生吃好,使每位学生都感到学有所获。五、评价分析数学课程标准指出:学生的数学学习内容应当是现实的、有意义的、富有挑战性的,而动手实践、自主探究与合作交流是学生学习数学的重要方式。本着这一理念,在本课的教学过程中,我严格遵循由感性到理性,将数学知识始终与现实生活中学生熟悉的实际问题相结合,不断提高他们应用数学方法分析问题、解决问题的能力。在重视课本基础知识的基础上,适当进行拓展延伸,培养学生的创新意识,同时根据新课程标准的评价理念,在教学过程中,不仅注重学生的参与意识,而且注重学生对待学习的态度是否积极。课堂中也尽量给学生更多的空间、更多展示自我的机会,让学生在和谐的氛围中认识自我、找到自信、体验成功的乐趣。使学生的主体地位得到充分的体现,使教学过程成为一个在发现在创造的认知过程。
回顾整节课的设计,我主要着力于以下三个方面:1.关于教材处理:认真处理教材,目的只有一个——为我的学生尽可能多地提供参与活动的机会,在本节课中主要体现在以下几点:(1)通过“合成代数式”、“赋予分式实际意义”两个活动,激发兴趣,吸引学生参与活动;(2)通过“互举例子”、“填表探究”两个活动,鼓励学生主动参与活动;(3)通过“应用新知”这个环节,促进学生参与活动。2.关于教与学方法的选择:我在设计中始终关注:如何精心组织活动,让学生在丰富的活动中探索、交流与创新,因此我选择了“引导——发现教学法”,具体做法如下: (1)用数、式通性的思想,类比分数,引导学生独立思考、小组协作,完成对分式概念及意义的自主建构,突出数学合情推理能力的养成;(2)加强应用性,通过“应用新知”、“深化拓展”两个环节,密切分式与现实生活及其他学科的联系,发展数学应用意识,突出分式的模型思想。
设计目的:通过学生的反馈练习,使教师能全面了解学生对公因式概念的理解是否到位,提取公因式的方法与步骤是否掌握,以便教师能及时地进行查缺补漏.但依然有部分同学会出现问题,如对首项出现负号时不能正确处理,此时,需要老师进一步引导.第四环节 课堂小结从今天的课程中,你学到了哪些知识?你认为提公因式法与单项式乘多项式有什么关系?怎样用提公因式法分解因式?设计目的:通过学生的回顾与反思,强化学生对确定公因式的方法及提公因式法的步骤的理解,进一步清楚地了解提公因式法与单项式乘多项式的互逆关系,加深对类比的数学思想的理解。第五环节 当堂检测把下列各式分解因式(1)2x2-4x (2)8m2n+2mn(3)-4a3b3+6a2b-2ab (4)2n2-mn-n*(5)3an+1-2anc-7an+2设计目的:检验学生的目标达成情况,其中第五小题供学有余力的学生选作。第六环节 课后反思教学反思
学生在观察和讨论后,由师生合作,归纳出中心对称的性质:(1)关于中心对称的两个图形,对称点所连线段都经过对称中心,而且被对称中心所平分;(2)关于中心对称的两个图形是全等图形.让学生尝试自己证明△ABC与△A′B′C′全等,然后在教师的引导下相互交流。接着,对“轴对称”和“中心对称”的概念进行比较,我采用列表格的方式,从三个方面分别让学生去填,意图让学生把新学的知识及时纳入到已学的知识体系中去。4、灵活运用体会内涵1)首先讲授例1。(1)选择点O为对称中心,画出点A关于点O的对称点A′;(2)选择点O为对称中心,画出线段AB关于点O的对称线段A′B′.(3)已知四边形ABCD和O点,画出四边形ABCD关于O点的对称图形。在老师的引导下,共同完成作图,并规范画图方法:要画一个多边形关于已知点的对称图形,只要画出这个多边形的各个顶点关于已知点的对称点,再顺次连接各点即可。在本次活动中,意图利用中心对称的性质进行作图,加强对中心对称性质的理解。
通过与学生讲解切线长定义,让学生在参与、合作中有一个猜想,再进一步提出更有挑战性的问题,能否用数学的方法加以证明。问题的解决,使学生既能解决新的问题,同时应用到全等、切线的性质等知识,同时三条辅助线中,两条运用切线性质添加、一条构造全等。证明后用较规范的语言归纳并不断完善。(3) 应用新知加深理解通过前面的学习学生们已经对切线长定理有了较深刻的了解。为了加深学生对定理的认识并培养学生的应用意识学习例1、例2。例1让学生自己独立完成,加深对切线长定理的理解,老师进行点评,对于例2,由师生共同分析完成,交进行示范板书。(4) 巩固与提高此训练题分为二个层次,目的在于巩固新学的定理,并将所学的定理应用到旧的知识体系中,使学生的知识体系得到补充和完善。(5) 归纳与小结通过小结,使知识成为系统帮助学生全面理解,掌握所学的知识。
一、说教材:等腰三角形是北师大版初中八年级下册数学教材第一章第一节的教学内容,本节是轴对称图形的应用,是研究等腰三角形的开篇。通过本章节的学习,可以丰富和加深学生对已学图形的认识,为以后的图形学习和证明打好基础。本节在编排上考虑学生的认知规律,从学生容易接受的动手操作找规律开始到几何画板的验证再过渡到几何证明与应用。根据课程标准,确定本节课的目标为:【教学目标】1.知识与能力 理解并掌握等腰三角形的定义,探索等腰三角形的性质;能够用等腰三角形的知识解决相应的数学问题.2.过程与方法通过动手操作、动态演示等方法,培养学生思考探究数学的能力;通过例题与练习,提高学生添加辅助线解决问题的能力。3.情感、态度与价值观 在探索等腰三角形性质的过程中体会轴对称图形的美,感受数学与生活的联系;在例题教学中,感受数学之美;培养学生分析解决问题的能力,使学生养成良好的学习习惯.
第一道例题提示学生把地基看成一个几何图形,即正六边形,逐步引导学生完成例题的解答。例题1:有一个亭子它的地基是半径为4米的正六边形,求地基的周长和面积(精确到0.1平方米)。第二道例题,我让学生独立完成,我在下面巡视,个别辅导,同时我将关注不同层次学生对本节知识的理解、掌握程度,及时调整教学。最后,引导学生总结这一类问题的求解方法。这两道例题旨在将实际问题转化成数学问题,将多边形化归成三角形来解决,体现了化归思想的应用。(七)、课堂小结(1)学完这节课你有哪些收获?(八)布置作业:我针对学生素质的差异设计了有层次的训练题,留给学生课后自主探究,这样即使学生掌握基础知识,又使学有佘力的学生有所提高,从而达到拔尖和“减负”的目的。
三、利用乘法口诀进行计算1.复习口诀的含义。任意挑出一句乘法口诀(两个因数不同的),让学生说说它表示什么意思。如"七八五十六",使学生知道它既表示8个7相加是56,又表示?个8相加是56。2.以游戏的方式开展用口诀进行计算的活动。(1)已知两个因数求积的游戏。方法是:请一位学生随意说出一个两位数,另一位学生则将这个两位数的十位数字与个位数字相乘,并算出结果,如果结果又是一个两位数,再将这个两位数的十位数字和个位数字相乘,直至结果是一位数或零。如,一位学生说:"79",另一位学生则口算:7X9=636X3=181X8=8;一位学生说:"58":另一位学生口算:5X8=404X0=0(告诉学生0和一个数相乘得零)一位学生报了3个数以后,互换角色进行。(2)已知积求两个因数的游戏。
(3)一切从实际出发、实事求是在讲授这部分内容时,同样继续利用长城的例子来说明,古人正是经过实地的考察得出最佳的建造地点等,结合了当地当时的实际来建造长城,引导学生得出从实际出发,实事求是的结论。3、课程小结:本节的所有内容已经讲授完毕了,为了让学生更好地巩固本节课所学的知识,我会利用板书为学生梳理本节的重点条框内容。这样能够帮助学生理清思路明确各知识点的关系。4、作业:我会要求同学在课后以某一个事例(如:一件事情、一栋建筑、一辆汽车等)为例,来写出着个事例中体现我们今天所讲课的内容的知识点。七、说教学理念我的教学理念是以传统的教授法与范例教学法就相结合的教学方法为主,充分利用多媒体的教学手段,结合事例来讲解知识,在上课过程中充分调动同学的积极性来讲解知识。我的说课完毕,不足之处望各位老师给予指正!
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
1、教材的地位和作用本章教材是初中数学八年级第十四章的内容,是初中数学的重要内容之一。一方面,这是在学习了函数概念的基础上,对函数知识的进一步深入和拓展;另一方面,又为学习反比例函数、二次函数等知识奠定了基础,是进一步研究数学应用的工具性内容。鉴于这种认识,我认为,本节课不仅有着广泛的实际应用,而且起着承前启后的作用。 2、学情分析针对即将面临中考的学生来说,在具有了一定知识的基础上,培养他们分析问题和解决问题的能力尤为重要,因此本节课除了让学生进一步熟悉本章知识以外,重在培养学生的能力。从认知状况来说,学生在此之前已经学习了函数的定义,对函数的三种表示法已经有了初步的认识,这为顺利完成本节课的教学任务打下了基础,但对于一次函数的性质的理解和应用,仍然是部分学生所存在的困惑,所以在教学过程中要充分利用一些函数的图象,通过直观教学让学生更加深入的理解一次函数的性质。
二、存在问题(一)文物保护经费未能纳入财政预算。按照相关文物保护法,县级以上人民政府应当将文物保护事业纳入本级国民经济和社会发展规划,所需经费列入本级财政预算。但由于县级财政困难,文物保护经费一直未能纳入财政预算。(二)日常维护措施落实难。县级文物保护机构专业技术人才不足,乡(镇、街道)基本无文物专业技术人员。一些日常维护措施还得不到落实。(三)保护和利用矛盾凸显。由于价值、产权等诸多原因,很多文物未能得到很好地利用,处于闲置或无人使用状态,无人使用或无管理单位的文物在管理中找不到管理相对方,一些安全隐患整改和日常管理等问题很难得到落实,县级文物行政主管部门很难发挥监督管理作用。(四)乡(镇、街道)、村(居)两级对文物保护工作主动性不够。乡(镇、街道)、村(居)两级没有文物保护机构,也没有落实专人负责管理。许多文物保护单位、未核定保护等级的文物缺乏日常维护,处于无人管理状态。
三是做大做强海产品自主品牌。工作队于xx年指导成立的冬松村海产品合作社,通过与消费帮扶平台合作,在工作队各派出单位、社会团体、个人支持下,已获得逾xx万元销售额。2022年底工作队推动合作社海产品加工点扩建的工作方案已获批,待资金下拨后将正式启动扩建工作。四是积极助企纾困,带动群众增收致富。工作队利用去年建立的xx镇产业发展工作群,收集本地企业在产品销售、技术、人力、资金、运营、用地等方面的需求,并加大xx支持乡村振兴力度,xx助理赴各村委开展多场xx政策支持乡村振兴宣讲活动,本季度有x万元助农贷款获批,xx万贷款正在审批中。在壮大既有产业的同时,完善联农带农机制,一方面鼓励企业雇用本地农户就业,另一方面计划与本地农户签订长期收购合同,让农民种得放心、种得安心,带动当地群众共同致富。
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