(四)反思总结,当堂检测。本节内容讲述了价格变动对人们生活、生产的影响作用,主要知识框架如下:(1)、价格变动会影响人们的消费需求,商品价格上涨,人需求就减少,反之,则增大。价格变动对不同商品需求影响程度是不一样的,对生活必需品的需求量影响较小,对高档耐用品的需求量影响较大。相关商品价格变动对消费需求的影响不同,某种商品价格上涨,就会减少需求量,其替代品需求量增加,其互补品需求量则减少。(2)、价格变化也会影响生产经营,价格变动会调节生产,刺激生产者改进技术,提高劳动生产率,促使生产者生产适销对路的高 质量产品。(五)发导学案、布置预习。预习第三课第一框《消费及其类型》,完成预习导学案练习题九、板书设计《价格变动的影响》1、对人们生活的影响(1)商品价格变动与消费需求量之间的关系(2)不同商品的需求量对价格变动的反应程度不同
二、做理智的消费者1、量入为出,适度消费2、避免盲从,理性消费3、保护环境,绿色消费4、勤俭节约,艰苦奋斗十、教学反思本课的设计采用了课前下发预习学案,学生预习本节内容,找出自己迷惑的地方。课堂上师生主要解决重点、难点、疑点、考点、探究点以及学生学习过程中易忘、易混点等,最后进行当堂检测,课后进行延伸拓展,以达到提高课堂效率的目的。这节课我们主要学习了影响人们消费的几种消费心理和几种科学的消费观。本节课与学生生活十分贴近所以这节课充分的调动了学生学习的兴趣和积极性,并且让学生针对案例进行充分的分组讨论分析,通过学生的展示分析和补充可以知道学生们不但深层次分析了教学原理也透彻理解了教学重难点大大提高了课堂效率.。通过案例的分析进一步领会了教材原理突破了本节课的难点——树立正确的消费观。整堂课学生求知旺盛,复杂的知识变得简单化,从阅读教材到独立思考分析再到合作讨论最后的展示质疑答疑,加深了印象,提高了能力。
一、创设情境,激情导入1.【课件出示2:一只葫芦】看,这是什么?对,一个葫芦,它可不是一个普通的葫芦,它可是有故事的宝葫芦。2.今天,我们来学习《(节选)》。学生齐读课题“宝葫芦的秘密”。请同学们分小组交流一下自己课前阅读到的关于《宝葫芦的秘密》的故事,谈谈自己对宝葫芦的感知。今天,我们就和作家张天翼一起,走进童话故事《宝葫芦的秘密》,走进奇妙的童话世界。板书课题,齐读课题。(板书:宝葫芦的秘密(节选))2.简介作者以及写作背景【出示课件3】
一、复习检查,导入新课师:上节课我们初步学习了这篇课文,知道了说明性文章表达准确的这一特点,今天我们继续来学习。首先,我们复习一下上节课学习过的词语,【课件出示17】出示词语:迟钝不仅描绘隧道繁衍十吨公斤脑颅膨大敏捷树栖开辟崭新笨重谈起鸽子毫不相关描绘末期形态各异前肢鸟翼师:这些词语都是第一自然段中,你们能用上这些词语概括出第一自然段的主要内容吗?【课件出示18】预设:(事实证明笨重的恐龙的一支经过漫长的演化,最终变成了凌空翱翔的鸟儿)。师:我们接下来学习课文,跟着科学家走进恐龙的演变世界。
二、“初入溶洞”,感受“美丽”。思考:作者在去双龙洞的途中所见的景物有哪些?【出示课件13】1.粉红色的山,各色的映山红,再加上或浓或淡的新绿,眼前一片明艳。(由具体的景物概括出“明艳”一词,写出金华一带山区明亮艳丽的春色。)2.一路迎着溪流。随着山势,溪流时而宽,时而窄……时时变换调子。引导发现这句话的特点。(如有两对反义词,用拟人手法,写溪水的声音)说说对这句话的理解,体会句子中的因果关系,音韵节奏感,和作者当时的心情等。【出示课件14】预设:一个“迎”字,点明作者是逆溪流而上。(1)“时而……时而……”说明了溪流蜿蜒曲折,因为溪流的宽窄不一,所以才形成流水速度的缓急不同。(2)作者巧妙地运用“宽、窄;缓、急;”两对反义词准确地表达溪流的形和声。由于溪流缓急不一,听到的流水声也就各不相同,犹如在“时时变换调子”。
《海的女儿》介绍小人鱼亲自参加王子的婚礼,忍受身体和精神的苦痛,一步步变成泡沫,走向死亡的故事。这是一个凄美的爱情故事。成功之处:在教学过程中,以学生为主体,让学生在读通文章之后出示一些重点语句。我在教学中能够放手给学生,让他们在文本中充分品味挖掘语言的魅力内涵。让学生边读边想象,由理解句子表面的意思过渡到感悟作者蕴藏在句子中的情感,小组讨论阶段,学生在充分讨论的过程中对作者的情感就有了一定的感悟,再通过教师的点拨指导,认识上就更深一层次,对今后阅读安徒生的作品帮助很大。不足之处:由于注重了写作方法的学习,对朗读的指导就比较少,在以后的教学中要注意教学时间的合理分配。
预设 示例:(1)斯科特,寒冷的冰雪虽然冻住了你的身体,但它却冻不住你那高尚无比的灵魂。(2)威尔逊博士,凶猛的暴风雪只是带走了你的身躯,却没有带走你那热爱科学、无私奉献的精神和对祖国的那份深沉的爱。2.以史明鉴,畅写启示。(1)畅写启示。师:作者在课文结尾满怀深情地写道:“一个人虽然在同不可战胜的厄运的搏斗中毁灭了自己,但他的心灵却因此变得无比高尚。所有这些在一切时代都是最伟大的悲剧。”联系实际,说说你所知道的“伟大的悲剧式”的人物或事件,这些人物或事件对你有什么启示?把自己的想法写出来。(2)引导交流。“伟大的悲剧式”的人物或事件及其启示:示例一:美国的航天飞机“挑战者号”在升空约72秒后突然爆炸,机上7名宇航员全部罹难。
【设计意图】学习事理说明文,要让学生在自主归纳的过程中,初步感知事理说明文说明“事理”这一基本特点,把握事理说明文和事物说明文的不同之处。引导学生通过学习课文,对科学方法产生自己的体会,并运用到自己的思考中。四、总结存储1.教师小结本文是一篇事理说明文,作者把一门科学——物候学介绍得浅显易懂,饶有趣味。全文采用逻辑顺序说明,思路清晰明了:描述物候现象——做出科学解释——追究因果关系——阐述研究意义。这种从现象到本质的认识方法和行文思路值得我们学习。本文语言严谨而生动,兼具说明的科学性和生动性,是一篇极有价值的科普文,是科学家竺可桢科学精神和科学思想的具体体现。文章启发我们:科学距离我们并不遥远,就在我们的身边,而想要探索它,就要有科学精神,扩大科学知识储备,掌握科学方法,勇于探索科学奥秘。
四、总结归纳,延伸拓展师:作者“观古今于须臾,抚四海于一瞬”,把时间的概念,从人们日常的感觉延伸到自然界中,引出了关于时间的又一种境界。请同学们根据你所知道的课内外知识,完成下面的拓展任务:拓展任务一岩石记录时间的重要方式是它保存了许多的历史痕迹。请阅读课文第22—29段并分组讨论,说说岩石保存了哪些历史痕迹,它对人类有着怎样的意义,你从中得到了哪些启示。 (生分小组探讨,批注,然后交流回答)预设 示例:①记录了地壳的活动;②记录了气候的变化;③记录了古代生物的状况;④记录了地球历史的发展过程;⑤记录了自然界某些转瞬即逝的活动。意义与启示:对岩石的研究,不仅使我们增长了知识,对自然界与史前历史有了更多的认识,还使我们拥有了开发史前资源的可能性,能为人类谋取幸福。我们要秉承这种辩证主义思想观念,发扬科学探索的精神,在人类前行的历史上,贡献出一份力量。
意境是什么?意境是艺术的灵魂。是客观事物精粹部分的集中,加上人的思想感情的陶铸,经过高度艺术加工达到情景交融、借景抒情,从而表现出来的艺术境界、诗的境界,就叫作意境。艺术从生活中来,但它不等同于生活。艺术与生活是辩证关系,生活是艺术唯一的源泉,艺术来源于生活,是现实生活的反映,但艺术中反映出来的生活,可以而且应当比实际的生活更高,更典型,更理想。就是说,艺术又要求对生活进行高度集中和概括,要求典型化、理想化,从而创造出比现实更美好、更富有诗意、更理想的艺术境界,创造出革命时代新的意境。这是革命的现实主义与革命的浪漫主义相结合的创作方法最基本的一条,也是其他的创作方法所不及、难以充分达到的。千余年来,中国山水画为什么那么发达,这与河山壮丽是分不开的。中国向来把江山、河山、山水作为祖国的象征或代词。
二、学习新知1.正方形的定义在这一环节中,学生很容易犯的一个错误就是条件重复。这时我会引导学生从画图入手,提示他们:你能不能减少条件画出正方形呢?这一环节中我的观点是正方形的定义不是唯一的。我们可以从不同的角度来总结,只要合理就加以肯定。比如当学生总结出:四个角都是直角,四条边都相等的四边形是正方形。这时可以提醒学生是不是一定要四条边都相等,减少边的条数可以画出来吗?角的个数可以减少吗?鼓励学生动手试一试。通过动手画图可以很容易的得到正方形的一个定义:三个角都是直角,一组邻边都相等的四边形是正方形。通过小组讨论的形式来完成这一环节的设置。鼓励学生利用现有的材料继续构造正方形。从另一个角度总结正方形的定义。
(4)“不论m取何实数,方程x2+2x-m=0都有实数根”是全称量词命题,其否定为“存在实数m0,使得方程x2+2x-m0=0没有实数根”,它是真命题.解题技巧:(含有一个量词的命题的否定方法)(1)一般地,写含有一个量词的命题的否定,首先要明确这个命题是全称量词命题还是存在量词命题,并找到其量词的位置及相应结论,然后把命题中的全称量词改成存在量词,存在量词改成全称量词,同时否定结论.(2)对于省略量词的命题,应先挖掘命题中隐含的量词,改写成含量词的完整形式,再依据规则来写出命题的否定.跟踪训练三3.写出下列命题的否定,并判断其真假:(1)p:?x∈R,x2-x+ ≥0;(2)q:所有的正方形都是矩形;(3)r:?x∈R,x2+3x+7≤0;(4)s:至少有一个实数x,使x3+1=0.【答案】见解析【解析】(1) p:?x∈R,x2-x+1/4<0.∵?x∈R,x2-x+1/4=(x"-" 1/2)^2≥0恒成立,∴ p是假命题.
等式性质与不等式性质是高中数学的主要内容之一,在高中数学中占有重要地位,它是刻画现实世界中量与量之间关系的有效数学模型,在现实生活中有着广泛的应,有着重要的实际意义.同时等式性质与不等式性质也为学生以后顺利学习基本不等式起到重要的铺垫.课程目标1. 掌握等式性质与不等式性质以及推论,能够运用其解决简单的问题.2. 进一步掌握作差、作商、综合法等比较法比较实数的大小. 3. 通过教学培养学生合作交流的意识和大胆猜测、乐于探究的良好思维品质。数学学科素养1.数学抽象:不等式的基本性质;2.逻辑推理:不等式的证明;3.数学运算:比较多项式的大小及重要不等式的应用;4.数据分析:多项式的取值范围,许将单项式的范围之一求出,然后相加或相乘.(将减法转化为加法,将除法转化为乘法);5.数学建模:运用类比的思想有等式的基本性质猜测不等式的基本性质。
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
活动目标:1、激发幼儿与同伴交流和分享的兴趣,帮助幼儿获得基本的交流经验。2、鼓励幼儿大方的把自己喜欢的车介绍给大家,并乐于想象未来的车。3、引导幼儿了解自己喜欢的车的名称、样子和用途,并尝试粘贴公共汽车。活动准备:1、请幼儿搜集各种汽车模型并布置成“汽车城”。2、各种汽车图片、小标志。3、录音机、音乐磁带《汽车开来了》、故事《神奇的变形车》磁带。
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