第三阶段:分班交流论证,归纳整理成文在学生分组搜集整理资料的基础之上,我们又以班级为单位由核心组成员组织资料交流并展开讨论,共同归纳整理,集体完成《常熟建设现代农业科技园区可行性分析调查表》中的相关内容,交给各自的指导老师修改。第四阶段:分片走进园区,体验总结反思我们本着“熟悉家乡、就近考察”的原则把全年级的学生分成八组,分别到八个园区开展实地调查。组织他们听园区领导或专业人员介绍园区的建设情况和远景规划,深入田间地头和温室大棚参观园区生产装备和农民劳动场景,开展园区劳动体验,与园区农民交谈等系列活动。要求大家在体验劳动、收获快乐的同时,对照《常熟现代化农业园区建设和发展情况调查表》的内容逐一展开讨论并认真填写。在此基础上,我们又要求各片的同学认真反思每个园区在发展过程中还有哪些不够完美的地方和需要改进的建议。
在学生回答的基础上进行归纳小结:发展城市公共交通? 明确道路分工? 合理规划停车场? 减少出行距离? 错开出行高峰? 加大城市道路建设? 进行科学合理的交通管理,重视智能交通系统的建设提问:这组同学在幻灯片中提到城市环境污染源主要有哪些?城市交通环境问题除了交通工具的尾气排放带来大气污染外,还会给城市环境带来什么问题?这组同学基本同意自行车多是加剧南京空气污染的间接原因,你同意他们的观点吗?在学生回答的基础上,教师进行归纳小结:自行车是一种绿色交通工具,既环保又经济。只有当它在某些机动车和非机动车不分的地段,影响车辆行驶速度的时候,它才可能成为加剧空气污染的间接原因。那么我们针对交通工具对环境造成的影响,除了这组同学提到的三点解决措施以外,我们还有什么要补充的解决方法吗?
一、 教材分析与学情分析教材分析人民教育出版社普通高中课程标准实验教科书必修2第七章第九节。本节内容安排在学习机械能守恒定律之后的目的,是为了使学生在理论上对机械能守恒定律有所了解的基础上,通过实验测量及对实验数据的分析处理,对机械能守恒定律及条件有深刻的认识。学情分析知识层面:学生已经掌握了动能、重力势能等概念以及动能定理、机械能守恒定律等定理、定律;知道功是能量转换的量度以及机械能守恒的条件。能力层面:学生已具备一定的实验操作技能,会用打点计时器以及直尺等实验仪器。具备一定的数据处理能力。二、教学目标与重点、难点教学目标知识与技能:1、会用打点计时器打下的纸带计算物体运动的速度。2、掌握验证机械能守恒定律的实验原理。
一、教材分析行星的运动选自人教版普通高中物理必修2第六章第1节。本节教学既是前面《运动的描述》和《曲线运动》内容的进一步的延伸和拓展,又能为后面学习万有引力定律做铺垫。在本章中占有较为重要的地位,具有承前启后的作用。同时该节内容也涉及大量物理史实、贴近学生生活和联系社会实际的事实,可进一步培育学生的科学情感、精神和发展观。(一)教学目标 1.知识与技能(1)知道地心说和日心说的基本内容。(2.)掌握理解开普勒三大定律的内容,并能应用。(3)理解人们对行星运动的认识过程是漫长复杂的,真理是来之不易的。2.过程与方法通过托勒密、哥白尼、第谷·布拉赫、开普勒等几位科学家对行星运动的不同认识,了解人类认识事物本质的曲折性并加深对行星运动的理解。3.情感、态度与价值观(1)澄清对天体运动神秘、模糊的认识,掌握人类认识自然规律的科学方法。(2)感悟科学是人类进步不竭的动力。
什么因素可以阻止种群间基因交流呢?由此可引出隔离的概念。学生初步理解隔离的概念之后,可以安排学生讨论隔离的各种可能的方式,教师归纳出隔离的类型。然后组织学生阅读分析教材中的“资料分析”,组织讨论“资料分析”中提出的几个问题。最后教师应强调,一般情况下,地理隔离是生殖隔离的先决条件,生殖隔离一旦形成,原来属于一个物种的两个种群,就成了两个物种。关于“共同进化与生物多样性的形成”内容的教学,可以学生自学为基础,教师提出一些具有启发性的问题,师生共同归纳总结的方式推进教学过程。使学生理解共同进化的含义,无机环境的变化、无机环境的复杂化和多样化、有性生殖的出现和生态系统结构的复杂化和多样化对生物多样性形成的作用。最后,组织学生讨论生物进化理论在发展。
一、说教材1、教材的地位和作用《孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验(一)》这一课题是高中生物必修2第一章第一节第一部分的内容,是学生学习孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验(二)的基础,也是第二章《减数分裂与受精作用》这节知识的重要基础,又并为后续学习生物变异与生物进化奠基,所以在教材中起到承上启下的作用。因此从这个地位来看,这部分内容不仅是本章的重点,更是整个必修2的重点内容。本节的教学内容是按照孟德尔的探索过程由现象到实质,层层深入地展开的。教材首先介绍了孟德尔的杂交实验方法和观察到的实验现象,接着介绍了孟德尔对实验现象的分析,然后介绍了对分离现象解释的验证,最后归纳总结出分离定律。在教学内容的组织上体现了学科内在逻辑性与学生认识规律的统一。与原教材比较,有了新的突破主要表现在三方面:
环节四 情景回归 参与体验(教学内容:为政务公开喝彩)探究问题:什么是政务公开,目的何在,有何意义?我将引导学生,想想我省的政务公开开展的如何呢?怎样才能了解到这些内容呢?这样,通过联系本省的在增强政府工作透明度方面的做法,在进行知识教育的同时,拉近了学生与政治生活的距离,增强了学生参与民主监督的意识和能力。同时也可以把其他相关的网站如市政府门户网站介绍给大家,我国各级政府建立了信息公开制度和办事公开制度;然后,我将让学生们思考实施政务公开有什么意义?对于其意义同样是让学生根据其特点进行概括,达到方法的训练和能力的提升。环节五 课堂小结 巩固知识本节课我采用线索性的板书,整个知识结构一目了然,为了充分发挥学生在课堂的主体地位,我将课堂小结交由学生完成,请学生根据课堂学习的内容,结合我的板书设计来进行小结,以此来帮助教师在第一时间掌握学生学习信息的反馈,同时培养学生归纳分析能力、概括能力。
环节四 课堂小结 巩固知识本节课我采用线索性的板书,整个知识结构一目了然,为了充分发挥学生在课堂的主体地位,我将课堂小结交由学生完成,请学生根据课堂学习的内容,结合我的板书设计来进行小结,以此来帮助教师在第一时间掌握学生学习信息的反馈,同时培养学生归纳分析能力、概括能力。环节五 情景回归,情感升华我的实习指导老师告诉过我们,政治这一门学科要从生活中来到生活去,所以在课堂的最后要求学生以小组为单位给当地政府负责人写一份《关于提升政府权威的建议书》,以此培养学生对理论的实际运用能力,同时检验他们对知识的真正掌握情况,以此达到情感的升华,本节课,我根据建构主义理论,强调学生是学习的中心,学生是知识意义的主动建构者,是信息加工的主体,要强调学生在课堂中的参与性、以及探究性,不仅让他们懂得知识,更让他们相信知识,并且将知识融入到实践当中去,最终达到知、情、意、行的统一。引导学生回忆巩固所学的知识,通过收集资料、主题研讨何提出合理化建议等形式,引导学生关注政府的权威,懂得树立何维护政府的权威,有深远的历史意义何现实意义,进一步增强对政府的认同感。
四、说教学过程:首先,导入学习。开门见山式导入人类的地域活动联系,并设计提问在日常生活中,我们常用到的现代交通运输方式有哪些?引出第一部分内容“主要交通运输方式”的讲解。通过导入,让学生明确交通运输的重要性,对交通运输工具和方式有感性的认识,以便于下面教学内容的进行。其次,进入新课讲授。由于学生们对五种交通运输方式已经有感性的认识,因此在交通运输方式的优缺点方面的讲解上,可以充分发挥学生的主观能动性,通过自己阅读课本的图来学习五种主要交通运输方式的优缺点,以此培养学生的阅读能力和自主学习能力。对于交通运输方式的掌握,仅仅知道其优缺点还是远远不够的,要在此基础上通过提问引导出影响交通运输方式选择的因素,并通过实例与学生共同分析,选择出合适的交通运输方式,得出要综合考虑,本着“多、快、好、省”的原则,根据运输对象的特点和运输要求,选择最佳运输方式的结论。
下面是对以高技术产业为主的新工业区的内容进行讲解,教材以美国“硅谷”为例,首先谈的是高技术工业的特点,然后讲述的是“硅谷”的发展条件,由于教学模式与意大利新工业区的内容基本一致,这里就不再赘述了。接下来教材中提到的与之对照的案例同样是以高技术产业而闻名的中关村,由于中关村在国内的知名度较高,一般学生都有所了解,因此不妨让学生谈谈自己的看法:对于高新技术产业的发展有何建议,相对于发展较为成功的“硅谷”我们需要学习的方面又是哪些?案例中最后一个问题很值得深省,我国的新工业区到底怎样做才能够获得成功,简单的模仿下我们缺少的又是什么?这个问题可以作为拓展,让学生写一篇简短的论文作为课后作业。最后做以简单的课堂小结。本节内容的教学可能会相对繁杂,而案例之间的分析过程又过于雷同,所以难免枯燥。在处理这个问题上,我将尽量做到详略得当,主要培养学生的自主学习能力。
生2:每逢清明,或其他一些死者的纪念日,人们总要为死去的亲人烧纸钱。这幅漫画由烧纸钱演变为烧“家电”,说明随着社会环境的变化,人们根深蒂固的一些封建思想,还在影响着人们的生活。要花大力气去破除封建迷信活动。师:说到底,算命、烧纸钱是封建迷信活动,从文化角度来说,是落后文化。我们一起来看看在现实生活中,还有哪些落后文化在影响着人们的生活。生1:在一些边远落后地区,大人小孩生了病,不是看医生,而是让巫婆神汉来治,结果往往耽误了诊疗时间,有的甚至还丢掉了性命。生2:“重男轻女”“多子多福”,红白事大操大办现象在有些地方还很严重。师:这些落后文化都有哪些共同特征?在你看来,这些现象有哪些危害?生3:这些落后文化,在内容上带有迷信、愚昧、颓废、庸俗等色彩,在形式上常常以传统习俗的形式表现出来,如人们常见的看相、算命、测字、看风水等。它会麻痹人的意志,使人消极、悲观、绝望,对理想、前途、信念丧失信心;破坏社会的风气。
(二)课堂教学在教学中,无论是形式还是内容,都必须统一于学生的发展。从形式上说,以学生展示、思考、讨论为主,教师点拨为辅,在一定的情境与社会文化背景下,获得对传统文化的认识和理解。从内容上说,主要以福州地方传统文化为素材,围绕海峡两岸同时举办的“元霄灯会”为主线,回归到学生的生活世界,更有效地激发起学生情感,并将生活世界与知识世界衔接起来,在实际情景中分析传授相关传统文化的知识,提高学生认识和分析解决问题的能力,逐步形成对传统文化的情感和价值判断。教学过程,紧紧围绕传统文化,分为“激趣导入--活动感悟--探究思辩--升华导行”四个层次,环环相扣,逐步推进,帮助学生完成由感性认识到理性认识的飞跃。1.激趣导入良好的开端是成功的一半。德国的普克朗认为:“思考可以构成一座桥,让我们通向新知识”。因此,一开始,我就运用对比方法,进行设问,福州和西安、南京、北京一样也是历史文化名城,你们同意吗?
根据课标要求,参照教科书,支撑这一问题解决的知识有:⑴文化生活的特点;⑵文化生活的两面性;⑶发展文化生活的基本要求。其中重点问题是辨别文化生活的“喜”与“忧”。只有辨别清楚,才能趋利避害,才能积极主动的参与健康向上的文化生活。从而为怎样发展为人民大众所喜闻乐见的文化打下基础。由于高二学生尚未学习哲学知识,所以它也是本节的一个难点,同时,由于学术界对什么是大众文化,大众文化有那些基本特征,存在着分歧,所以正确把握大众文化的含义也成为本节课的一个难点。三、学情分析:应该说高二学生已经参与了不少的文化生活。但由于其正处在三观形成的关键时期,对文化生活的参与还比较盲目,缺少理性思考,以至付出沉重的代价。很显然通过本框的学习,学生会更加理性的参与文化生活,从而健康茁壮的发展、成长。四、教学目标:基于以上分析,我将本框题的教学目标确定为以下三个方面:(1)知识目标:了解目前我国文化生活的现状,知道人们的文化生活是色彩斑斓的,但也存在令人忧虑的现象;把握大众文化的丰富内涵;明确发展为人民大众所喜闻乐见的文化必须坚持的原则、方针等。
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
Step 3 Meaning1. 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should +动词原形”构成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。2. was/were going to+动词原形: 表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作, 常用于口语中, 表示预言、意图或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用来表示即将发生的动作, “刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾计划做某事”, 如果表示“本来计划做某事, 动作没实现”, 则需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等动词的过去进行时: 表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was coming later. 她随后就来。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.