1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
1. 这个寓言是一个关于一位国王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用这个故事让读者对于社区的问题负有个人责任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 这个故事十分成功的实现了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
三、宗教改革:1、背景:(1)文艺复兴的影响。文艺复兴中,人文主义学者尽管对宗教保持较为温和的态度,但其以人为中心的思想极大地冲击了天主教的精神独裁,天主教的权威日益受到人们的怀疑。(2)天主教会对欧洲尤其是德意志的压榨。中世纪的天主教会对人民进行严密的精神统治,基督教信仰的核心是“原罪”和“灵魂救赎”,即人生下来就有罪,只有信仰上帝,跟随耶稣才能得救。就“灵魂救赎”而言,最初强调的是个人信仰的作用,后来,神学家们又加上了种种繁杂的宗教礼仪,而且必须得到神职人员的帮助,灵魂才能得救。在经济上,天主教会还是最大的封建主,占有大量的土地,并征收什一税,对各国人民大肆搜刮。罗马教廷每年从德意志搜刮的财富达30万古尔登(货币单位),相当于“神圣罗马帝国”皇帝每年税收额的20倍。德意志也成了被教会榨取最严重的地区,素有“教皇的乳牛”之称。
“千载琵琶作胡语,分明怨恨曲中论。”“怨恨”两字点明全篇主旨。千百年来,琵琶所演奏的总是从匈奴传来的撩人愁思的胡乐,正是昭君在诉说着她的怨恨!这两句从侧面烘托昭君的形象,既有对她的赞扬,又有对她的同情。读到这里,我们的耳边好像又响起了那深沉、幽怨的琵琶声!5、这首诗写的是昭君的怨恨,但首联一开始并没有写她的怨恨,写的是什么?这样写的目的又是什么?明确:群山万壑赴荆门山是群山起伏,连绵不绝;水是万壑争流,奔腾不息,直赴荆门山。其中的“赴”字用了拟人的手法,把迤逦不绝的千山万壑陡然间写活了,既有飞动之势,又有变幻之姿。从侧面烘托昭君的形象。两千多年前,一个青年女子远离父母之邦,嫁到异域,并在那里度过一生,确实需要巨大的勇气和毅力,而这雄伟的山川简直就是她那坚强的性格的象征。6、佳句鉴赏(这首诗歌当中,我认为有两句诗写得非常美,我自己很喜欢,不知道有没有同道中人?)
5、弊端:(1)经济发展不均衡,片面发展重工业,使轻工业和农业长期处于落后状态;(2)对农民的剥夺太重,挫伤了农民的生产积极性;(3)长期执行指令性计划严重削弱了企业的生产自主权,不利于发挥企业的生产积极性,制约了苏联经济的可持续发展。(4)计划经济体制确立后,没有随着社会的变化进行调整,二战后逐渐僵化,丧失了自我完善的功能,成为苏联解体的重要因素。【合作探究】斯大林模式的评价及经验教训:积极:①使苏联迅速实现了 工业化②苏联经济实力的迅速增长,为反法西斯战争的胜利奠定了 物质基础 。消极:①政治:高度集权,破坏了 民主与法制 ; ②经济:优先发展重工业使 农业和轻工业长期处于落后状态,农民生产积极性不高;计划指令,压制了地方和企业的积极性,阻碍苏联经济的发展高度集中的计划经济体制,成为东欧剧变和苏联解体的重要原因。
生:环境承载力是指环境能持续供养的人口数量。师:对了。但是有同学仍然会感到这是一个很抽象的概念。下面我们具体来了解什么是环境承载力。我们可以从两个部分去理解:一、环境,它主要是指环境的单个要素(如:土地、水、气候、植被等。)及其组合方式。二、是承载力,它指在特定的条件下,具体某事物能承受的某种活动的最大值。那环境承载力的科学定义是怎样表达的呢?生:环境承载力是指某一时期,某种状态条件下,某地区环境所能承受的人类活动作用的阈值。师:很对。 我们可以用一个生动的例子来说明。一只木桶里面的水的多少在底面积固定不变的情况下是由哪块木板来决定?生:最短的那块。师:确实如此。这就是我们平常所讲的 “木桶效应”。那影响环境承载力的大小也是由环境个要素里面最紧缺的那个要素来决定的。下面我们用一个例子来印证一下。
知识和技能 1、指导学生绘制气压带和风带分布示意图,从中分析大气运动的规律性,并培养和提高学生绘制原理形成示意图的地理技能。2、运用海陆热力差异原理进行解释,加强学 生对半球冬夏季气压中心的形成和分布的理解解。3、使学生理解气压带和风带对气候的影响。过程与方法 1、通过三圈环流模拟演示,培养学生的空间思维能力。2、通过对海陆分布对大气环流影响的两图示的对比分析,让学生读图思考气压带、风带的分布规律和原因。3、利用成因分析法引导学生探究气压带和风带对气候的影响机制。情感、态度与价值观1、培养学生辩证唯物主义观。2、培养学生理论联系实际的能力。教学重点1、气压带和风带的分布。2、北半球气压中心冬夏分布及对气候的影响。3、气压带和风带对气候的影响。
【备课资料】百团大战八路军从8月20日起,在华北敌后出动105个团,约40万兵力,在2500公里长的战线上,发动了规模最大的“以彻底破坏正太路若干要隘,消灭部分敌人截断该线交通”为目的的举世闻名的“百团大战”。八路军提出“不留一根铁轨、不留一根枕木、不留一个车站、不留一个碉堡、不留一座桥梁”的口号,“让敌人用脚同我们赛跑”,“让敌人用牛驴搬炮弹、飞机大炮”。八路军展开攻坚战,端掉敌一系列据点。据有关资料记载,从8月20日到12月5日,在历时三个半月的“百四大战”中,我军共进行大小战斗1824次,毙伤日伪军25800余人,俘日伪军18600余人,缴获了大批武器、弹药和军用食品等;破坏铁路470多公里,公路1500多公里,桥梁、车站、隧道等260余处,使正太铁路停运月余;攻克日伪据点2993个,巩固和扩大了抗日军民占领区。
(3)中国积极发展与周边国家的睦邻友好关系,以建设和平的周边环境:成立并积极参与上海合作组织的活动时间:2001年10月地点:上海与会者:中国、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦六国文件:《上海合作组织成立宣言》性质:是一个以互信求安全、以互利求合作的新型区域合作组织 意义:对加强中国与俄罗斯及中亚各国的政治和经济合作,起到重要作用。中国积极参与上海合作组织的活动,并发挥了主导作用。【本课小结】★ 1971年中国恢复在联合国的合法席位,打破了美国实行的孤立中国的政策。★中美两国朝着灵活务实的方向努力,乒乓外交打开了中美两国的大门,尼克松访华、《中美联合公报》和《中美建交公报》的发表促成了1979年两国的建交,中美关系走向正常化.
(形容词短语most beautiful的构成形式为:副词+形容词,该短语在句中作定语修饰名词bird)④A good friend is someone who makes you really happy.好朋友就是能让你真正高兴的人。(形容词短语really happy的构成形式为:副词+形容词,该短语在句中作宾语补足语)[即学即练]画出下例句中的形容词短语并指明构成形式如:It is less cold today than it was yesterday.构成形式: 副词+形容词(1)Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.(2)The road is long enough.(3)The medicine is good for stomach.三、副词短语(Adverb Phrases)副词短语:指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见副词短语的构成形式有:(副词)+副词如: much more beautifully①He did his work here yesterday.他昨天在这里工作。(副词短语here yesterday修饰动词did)②Bill did the work very well.比尔做的这份工作很好。副词短语very well修饰动词did③We are all entirely responsible for our action(副词短语all entirely, 修饰形容词短语responsible for)
【教材分析】The topic of this unit is about teenage life, which belongs to the theme context of “humans and oneself”.As teenagers who shoulder the responsibility of “Chinese great dream”, they must fully know themselves, including their strengths, weaknesses and challenges etc. They are supposed to improve themselves continuously and readily study their subjects, and thus foster their strategies and confidence in lifelong studies.This period is entitled the freshmen challenges, which mainly concerns some big challenges for new students in Senior high school. In this period, a teacher should lead students to find out what their challenges are and guide them to figure out how to crack the challenges and better themselves. More importantly, a teacher should instruct students to absorb new language points and appreciate the language. Besides, a teacher must instruct students to acquire some skills concerning reading efficiently and inspire them to talk more about their new school life, especially their new problems and solutions both at school and in life.【教学目标与核心素养】1. Enable students to acquire the basic usage of the new words and expressions concerning the freshmen challenges and learn to use them flexibly.2. Enable students to have a good understanding of the freshmen challenges in the new senior high school which is quite different from junior middle school.3. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual thinking capability. 4. Develop students’ different learning skills to solve different reading comprehensive problems.
【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with reading for writing a letter of advice. Students are expected to learn the knowledge about how to write a suggestion letter. The teacher is expected to enable students to master some writing skills concerning suggestion letters and learn to write one.【教学目标与核心素养】1. Get students to have a good understanding of how to write a suggestion letter properly.2. Enable students to use some writing skills flexibly.3. Develop students’ writing and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in writing discourses.【教学重难点】1. How to enable students to have a good understanding of the skills of writing a suggestion letter2.How to enable students to write a good recommendation letter using some writing skills properly.【教学过程】Step 1: Lead in Begin the class with the lead-in questions: how to write a letter for advice? What kinds of aspects should be included? It is strongly recommended that the teacher should ask students to discuss the topic freely with their partners and brainstorm some ideas concerning the topic. In this way, students can come up with more ideas and avoid being nervous at the beginning of the class.Step 2: Read to discover details concerning advice letters’ writing style.The teacher is expected to ask students to read a letter offering some advice on page 18 silently and then request students to discuss the questions below.
①标题——标题应当简洁明了。②导语——导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话,简明扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。③主体——主体是消息的主要部分,要用充足的事实表现主题,对导语的内容作进一步的展开和阐述。④结束语——通常是对全文内容进行概括性的总结。3. 新闻报道增分句子(1)陈述事实常用的句型:①A terrible storm hit/struck ... , killing ..②It was a cool autumn night when the earthquake happened. A large number of buildings fell down and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people homeless.地震发生在一个凉爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌,道路被毁,许多人无家可归。③With the help of the rescue team, people who were the trapped in the flood were saved.在救援队的帮助下,困在洪水中的人们得救了。(2)陈述观点常用的句型:①Clearly/Obviously/In my opinion/It seemed that people were shocked.显然/在我看来/似乎人们震惊了。②The whole city was in ruins after the earthquake.地震后整个城市成了一片废墟。(3)揭示原因常用的句型:Because of/As a result of/Thanks to the help of the army, people who got injured were sent to the hospital immediately.
【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: the restrictive relative clauses.This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercise of good quality.【教学目标与核心素养】1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of the restrictive relative clauses.2. Enable students to use the restrictive relative clauses flexibly.3. Develop students’ speaking and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.【教学重难点】How to enable students to have a good understanding of the restrictive relative clauses, especially the uses of the relative words such as which, that, who, whom.【教学过程】Step1: 语法知识呈现定语从句(一)—关系代词的用法在复合句中, 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,说明事物的具体信息,从句位于被修饰词之后。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,关系词指代先行词,并在定语从句中充当成分。关系词有两种:关系代词who, whom ,whose, that, which, as和关系副词when, where, why。
【教材分析】高考听力材料的选用非常重视语言真实性和交际性的原则,语言材料一般来源于实际生活,对话的内容大都取材于日常生活,即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、天气、生活环境等话题,可分为校园、公共场所、家庭等方面,如: shopping, finding the way, doing one’s homework, seeing a doctor, making a phone call, weather report, asking for different kinds of information等。新教材的特点就是利用生活中真实文本,只是降低难度,让学生注重语言的应用,将是我们高考把握方向的重要因素。【教学目标与核心素养】学习能力目标:在听力当中,学生应该有效规划学习方法,选择恰当的策略与方法。这节课的训练目标是让学生有正确的预测和抓住问题的关键信息,从而用心去听来找寻关键信息。根据生活中实际情况和高考常见语境,我们不难发现提前预测和抓住题干中的w很重要,即what, where, when, why等等。
II Learn the technical terms-2.1. What can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and objective complement” in a sentence?2. What can be used as “adverbial” in a sentence?3. What can be used as “verb” in a sentence?Answers to questions 1-3:1. Nouns, pronouns and appellations can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and Objective Complement”. Besides, adjectives can be used as “Predicative and Objective Complement” in a sentence.2. Adverbs and prepositional phrases can be used as “Adverbial”.3. Verbs with actual meaning can be used as “Verb” in a sentence. Auxiliary verbs alone cannot be used as “Verb” in a sentence.III Learn to recognize the sentence structures.1. SV structure. For Example:(1) A bird flies.S V(2) A monkey jumps.S V(3) A fish swims.S V√ In SV structures, verbs are “intransitive verbs”.2. SVO structure. For Example:(1) A sheep eats grass.S V O(2) They like bananas.S V O(3) He wants candy.S V O√ In SVO structures, verbs are “transitive verbs”.3. SP structure. For Example:(1) This is great.S P (2) He looks well.S P (3) She became a teacher.S P √ In SP structures, Predicatives are formed by “link verbs” and “adjectives or nouns”.√ link verbs: be, become, grow, look, feel, taste, etc.4. SV IO DO structure. For Example:(1) He asked me a question.S V IO DO(2) Danny wrote me a letter.S V IO DO(3) Billy brought Sam a kite.S V IO DO√ In SV IO DO structures, the verbs are transitive and are followed by two objectives – pronouns or nouns as Indirect Objective, and nouns as Direct Objectives.
5. Read to get detailed information about Paragraph 5.Q1. What shows the revival of Tangshan?Q2. How can Tangshan revive itself and get up on its feet again?Q3. In times of disasters, how can we go through it?T: In times of disasters, we should unify, show the wisdom and stay positive.Step 4 Activity 4 Highlighting the theme and reflecting1. Make a summary of the text.2. Further understand the titleQ: After our learning, why do you think the earth didn’t sleep on that night?T: An earthquake happened. The people in the earthquake suffered a lot, and the people outside Tangshan were concerned about the people there a lot.3. Reflect through discussion on what can be learnt after reading.T: Disasters are powerful. Unpreparedness can be deadly. Life is weak, but if people work together to help each other, disasters can be defeated.There is no love from disaster, but we have love in the human heart.Step 5 Assignment How does the writer convey that the earthquake was deadly, and that people were helpless during the earthquake? Try to find some attractive and impressive expressions and note them down.
常跟双宾语的动词有:(需借助to的)bring, ask, hand, offer, give, lend, send, show, teach, tell, write, pass, pay, promise, return等;基本句型 五S +V + O + OC(主+谓+宾+宾补)特点:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。 判断原则:能表达成—宾语 是…/做…注:此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等。如:He considers himself an expert on the subject.他认为自己是这门学科的专家。We must keep our classroom clean.我们必须保持教室清洁。I had my bike stolen.我的自行车被偷了。We invited him to come to our school.我们邀请他来我们学校。I beg you to keep secret what we talked here.我求你对这里所谈的话保密。用it做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,以使句子结构平衡,是英语常用的句型结构方式。即:主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如:We think it a good idea to go climb the mountain this Sunday.