【教学目的】1.了解作者反对暴政、提倡仁政的政治主张在当时条件下的进步意义及其历史局限。教育学生不应只着眼于秦之兴衰,而应学习作者把研究历史与指导现实相结合的可贵精神,从而明白“以史为鉴”“古为今用”的意义,达到把知识转化为能力的目的。2.学习课文从史实对比中引出结论的写作方法;理解课文中对偶、排比等修辞手法在表情达意方面的作用,并结合单元知识短文掌握如何在翻译中恰当处理修辞格的知识。【教学设想】1.通过预习指导,使学生借助课文的注释、工具书和参考资料了解时代背景、作者简况及各段大意,疏通文句。2.讲授课文,指出作者政治主张的历史局限时,不必在什么是秦二世而亡的真正原因上旁征博引,同时对文中涉及的历史人物及史实,也不要过多介绍。可在课外指导学生读点通史或历史故事(如《东周列国志》,虽是小说,但基本事件多见诸其书)。
2.亦余心之所善兮。虽九死其犹未悔评析:这一句表明屈原志向不改,坚贞不屈。真可说是一条铁骨铮铮的汉子。屈原最不能容忍的是那群无耻小人对他的恶毒诬蔑,一会说他穿着奇装异服,一会又说他面容姣好,肯定是个善淫之辈。这群人追名逐利,篡改法令,歪曲是非,混淆黑白,竞相谄媚,把朝廷弄得乌烟瘴气。屈原下决心绝对不和他们合流,他自比不合群的鸷鸟,孤傲、矫健,“自前世而固然”,他不想改变,也无法改变,这就像方圆不能周,异道不相安一样。在这里,屈原清楚地预感到了自己的结局,但他并不后悔自己的选择。句中“虽九死其犹未悔”和同出自于《离骚》的“路曼曼其修远兮,吾将上下而求索”诗句是后人引以自勉和共勉最多的句子。运用:(翻译)只要是我心中所向往喜欢的,即使死去九次也不会后悔。3.民生各有所乐兮,余独好修以为常。虽体解吾犹未变兮,岂余心之可惩。
【重点、难点及解决办法】1.以乐景写哀,景中寓情,情中显志。从词中可以感受到词人的心情是惆怅的,写的又是寒秋景物,却毫无过去一般旧诗词里的那种肃杀、感伤的“悲秋”情调,词人笔下的秋景是活泼、美好的。原因在于越写山河的壮丽,就越使人感到人民不能主宰大地的可悲,越感到革命的必要。词人正是在这不一致中突出了强烈的革命精神。当然,这里面也含有热爱祖国壮丽河山的感情。2.对比手法的运用。词中含有多种对比,使描绘的形象鲜明,如“万山红遍”与“漫江碧透”主要是颜色的对比;“鹰击长空”与“鱼翔浅底”、“指点江山”与“激扬文字”主要是动作的对比;“同学少年”与“万户侯”是明比;“万类霜天竞自由”与人民的被压迫(未在词中点明)是暗含的对比。
《诗经》的重章叠唱及表现手法《诗经》善于运用重章叠唱来表达思想感情,即重复的几章间,意义和字面都只有少量改变,造成一唱三叹的效果。增强了诗歌的音乐性和节奏感,更充分的抒发了情怀。《诗经》里大量运用了赋、比、兴的表现手法,加强了作品的形象性,获得了良好的艺术效果。所谓“赋”是“敷陈其事而直言之”。这包括一般陈述和铺排陈述两种情况。“比”是“以彼物比此物”,也就是比喻之意。而“兴”则是《诗经》乃至中国诗歌中比较独特的手法。“兴”字的本义是“起”。《诗经》中的“兴”是“先言他物以引起所咏之辞”,也就是借助其他事物为所咏之内容作铺垫。它往往用于一首诗或一章诗的开头。大约最原始的“兴”,只是一种发端,同下文并无意义上的关系,表现出思绪无端地飘移联想。
C.人们的态度:“大家仍然叫她祥林嫂”,称呼依旧。这一淡淡的似乎不经意的过渡语,在具体语境中却隐含着深刻的蕴涵,反映出鲁四一家对祥林嫂的第二次婚姻冷酷而坚决地不予承认的态度。“仍然叫她祥林嫂”,而不是“贺六嫂”,绝不是习惯使然,而是反映了封建礼教观念对寡妇再嫁的完全否定。人们叫她的“声调和先前很不同”;“也还和她讲话,但笑容却冷冷的了”。整个鲁镇社会在伦理观念上与鲁四仿佛是形成了共识的,音调的变化,笑容的冷冷,反映出人物关系的变化,充分表现出社会环境与祥林嫂的严重对立。77人们很少同情和怜悯她,对她讲述的“阿毛的故事”很快就厌倦了,并把她作为取笑的对象。人们对祥林嫂的态度,使她感到痛苦与迷惑。她不时地向人们诉说着自己不幸的遭遇,她的精神却惨遭蹂躏。而柳妈的说鬼又给祥林嫂新的打击。D.柳妈说鬼:柳妈是一个怎样的人?祥林嫂为什么要化那么大的代价去捐门槛?捐门槛后祥林嫂有哪些变化?
四、存在的问题和困难1、由于上半年集中精力理顺基础资料管理,在营销策划、业务宣传、市场调研、人员培训等方面比较薄弱,造成对县区公司业务发展支持不够。2、由于省公司系统准备升级,我公司很多报表需求无法满足,计算绩效考核指标、分析经营数据给市公司和县区支撑部门带来很大工作量。以上就是我工作情况的总结。如有不当之处,还请大家批评指正。谢谢大家!市场开发部年终个人工作总结10转眼间,新的一年又到来了。在这一年的工作中,我虚心向同事请教,从熟悉人员、熟悉商户、熟悉业务知识做起,从一点一滴做起,使自己能够很快被员工和商户接受并认可,从而很快进入角色,担负起自己的责任,配合经营部经理做好经营管理工作。现就自己一年的工作做以下总结:一、经营工作方面
老师们、同学们:上午好!12月4日,是全国法制宣传日。今天我讲话的主题是“培养法律精神,做遵纪守法、文明正气的二中人”。提起法律,总给人以神秘、威严、崇高的感觉。其实,法律与道德、习惯、宗教、纪律一样,都起着规范人们行为的作用。正是由于这些规范的存在,社会才变得有序,正是由于法律的存在,我们的权利才得到应有的保障。前司法部部长张福森先生曾这样说过:确立全国法制宣传日,有助于营造全社会浓厚的法治氛围,使广大公民像逐步熟悉每年的“3 15”国际消费者权益日、禁毒日一样,让“12 4”全国法制宣传日成为全体公民熟悉法律、认知法律、维护自身合法权益的节日,成为展示我国法制建设成就的节日,成为树立我国良好法治形象的节日,为实践依法治国方略,推进“依法执政”,打下牢固的社会思想基础。作为当代的中学生,大家有幸目睹了改革开放以来中国法制建设的突飞猛进,300多部法律相继出台,“依法治国”被写进宪法。那么,作为追求成为“卓越”人才的每个二中学子应该思考的是:在大家的校园生活中,成长道路上,如何培养法律精神,与法同行?
(一)学科范围: 、四、五、六年级社会,科学,体育,美术,音乐,信息、劳技。 2、七、八年级政治,生物,历史,地理,体育,音乐,信息。九年级音乐、体健。 (二)学科计划 任课教师对所教的副科要写教学计划,备一份计划上交教务处,教师根据教学计划要求进行上课。 体育课要有集合、队列、新授体育知识(篮球、排球、铅球等基本技巧)、完成游戏。一节课至少要上30分钟以上。 美术课计划与上课、作业相结合,学生要掌握绘画的一些基本技能。能完成一些简笔画和蜡笔画。 音乐课必须教会国歌、校歌、三首励志歌曲(手语歌曲音乐教师可自行选定歌曲)共五首歌曲。形成校园流行色。
二、维系客户,拓展市场。 主动与客户联系,关心客户需求,适时将我行新的业务产品介绍给客户。对于现有客户的上下游企业,应该做到深挖细刨,针对客户贸易链各环节展开营销工作。应积极主动并经常地与客户保持联系,发现客户的需求,引导客户的需求,并及时给予满足,为客户提供“一站式”服务。对现有的客户,要与之保持经常的联系,而对潜在的客户,则要积极地去开发。开发的目的主要是营销产品,力争实现“双赢”。
尊敬的领导、同事,亲爱的同学们:大家好!今天是雷锋学校首届“雷锋班”命名授牌大会。我作为班主任代表发言,既荣幸也深知责任重大,我发言的题目是《珍惜荣誉,不辱使命》。同学们!从进入英雄母校的大门起,你们就是雷锋的校友了,作为雷锋的校友,应该要了解雷锋、传承雷锋精神,真正实现“学雷锋,做传人”的校训,今天我想以学习回顾的方式,带领大家走近雷锋,熟悉雷锋,让我们全体“雷锋班”同学,知道“雷锋班”所应肩负的历史使命:雷锋,原名雷正兴,1940年12月18日出生在一个贫苦农民家里。1956年夏天,他从荷叶坝小学毕业后在乡政府当了通信员,不久调到望城县委当公务员,被评为机关模范工作者,并于1957年加入共青团。1958年春,雷锋到团山湖农场,只用了一周的时间就学会了开拖拉机。同年9月,雷锋响应支援鞍钢的号召,到辽宁鞍钢做了一名推土机手。也就是在这个时候他正式改名为“雷锋”,因为他觉得“锋”字既有先锋的意思,又与钢铁结缘。1959年8月,他又来到条件艰苦的焦化厂参加基础建设,曾带领伙伴们冒雨奋战保住了7200袋水泥免受损失,当时的《辽阳日报》报道了这一事迹。在鞍山和焦化厂工作期间,他曾3次被评为先进工作者,5次被评为标兵,18次被评为红旗手,并荣获“青年社会主义建设积极分子”的光荣称号。
2、活动开展前做好充分的理论知识准备,并适当学习涉农的法律政策知识。 3、注意行路,入村安全,夜间女生上厕所要有男生护卫,要有特别强的自我保护意识。 4、严格遵守纪律,有令必行,有禁必止,认真执行负责人或集体的决定,不折不扣完成任务。 5、各队员必须积极向上,以认真的态度,完成每一个项目,并积极和队友建立友好的合作关系。 6、团结,一切以队伍整体利益为重。 7、必须保证充分的调研时间和调研方法的灵活性。 8、注意身体健康。 9、注意性情暴烈的宠物。
【活动准备】 1、小兔手偶一个、魔术袋一个。 2、不同大小、不同颜色的圆形、三角形、正方形若干。 3、纸制小路(上面镂刻不同形状、不同大小、不同颜色的图形)。 【活动过程】 1、创设情境,引起幼儿参与活动的兴趣。 森林里,小兔的房子被大风吹倒了,我们一起帮它造一座房子吧。 2、帮小兔造房子,复习几何图形。 引导幼儿从魔术袋里摸出不同图形,并用摸出的几何图形给小兔造房子,复习圆形、三角形、正方形。
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
(三)合作探究、精讲点拨。探究一:探究问题:如何看待排名一名高中生在谈到“排名的二重性”时说:“我们既不能盲目地张扬排名,也不能简单地否定排名。作为学生,如果用片面的观点对待排名,排在前面沾沾自喜、骄傲自满,排在后面灰心丧气、一蹶不振,就会停滞不前,甚至倒退;如果通过排名了解自己的学习实力以及同别人的差距,做到知彼知己,扬长避短,就会出现先进更先进、后进赶先进的生动局面。”问题:(1)在排名问题上,人们的看法往往各不相同,这是为什么?(2)为什么我们应看到排名的“二重性”?(3)联系生活中类似的事例,谈谈生活与哲学的关系。教师活动:指导学生阅读以上的材料,并思考所提问题。学生活动:阅读材料,分组讨论问题,发表自己的观点,分析材料中包含的哲学道理。教师点评:(1)在排名问题上,人们的看法不同,主要是因为人们的思维方法不同。
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
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