课堂教学是幼儿数学知识的获得、技能技巧的形成、智力、能力的发展以及思想品德的养成的主要途径。为了达到预期的教学目标,我对整个教学过程进行了系统的规划,遵循目标性、整体性、启发性、主体性等一系列原则进行教学设计,设计了4个主要的教学程序。1、讲故事引起兴趣,在这个环节中,利用幼儿爱听、爱看的特点,我用故事《春姑娘来了》来吸引幼儿注意力。2、指导观察,判断数量。在这个环节中,我利用卡片,让幼儿说说图中有什么不同,培养幼儿观察能力。3、运用故事转折,挑起矛盾,引出相邻数。4、运用操作,加深幼儿对数量的认识、判断,几数量与数字匹配。从而进一步巩固这节课的内容,培养幼儿动手的能力
结合目标,我将通过四个环节实施活动:环节一:情景导入,引起幼儿的兴趣。兴趣是主动参与的关键,教师以情景的方式导入“新年快到了,图形宝宝们要进行大联欢活动,我们一起看看都有哪些图形?”对不同的图形进行巩固认识,为后面的图形创意做准备。环节二:分组操作“按数取图形”进行创意,并交流讨论,感知数量守恒。这一环节中我又分了两个小环节进行活动:一是通过幼儿分组操作“按数取图形”进行创意,一组是图形相同颜色不同;一组是图形相同,大小、颜色不同;一组是大小、颜色、形状都不同;请幼儿按各组数卡取相应数量的图形进行创意,不仅体现了数学领域的内容,从中也渗透了艺术领域的内容。二是作品展示,交流讨论,感知数量守恒。将幼儿的作品分组进行展示,请幼儿分组介绍,“你用什么图形进行创意的?你们拼的什么?这些图形有什么不同?数量相同吗?”等等,再出示数卡,依次介绍,从而了解物品不受颜色、形状、大小以及空间排列形式的影响,正确感知6以内的数量。
本节课在我们大班年级组进行了一次研讨活动,本次的教学活动是在上次的基础上进行了修改,在开始部分我就利用幼儿园老师相同款式的两辆汽车直接导入,从而让幼儿想到车牌号码孩子们比较熟悉的数字组合,让本次数学活动渗透到我们平时的生活中,让孩子们对本次活动产生兴趣。使数学活动生活化。在最后一部分我以孩子们生活中随处可见的数字为内容,让孩子们发现生活中的数字,初步了解它们的不同用途,并且学会运用数字解决生活中的一些实际问题,从中体验活动的乐趣。这样不仅激发了孩子对数字的兴趣,也培养了孩子积极关注身边事物的情感态度。
按照心理学常识,幼儿对学习内容产生兴趣,就能自觉地排除内外主客观因素的干扰,集中注意力积极主动地投入学习,把学习当成愉快的事。因此,上课一开始进行复习时,就设计这样的导语:小朋友,我们已经学了很多加减法了,今天老师要来考考你们,看谁最能干,(点出复习题)最先做出老师出的这些题,好吗?在这种刺激下,人人都想当老师眼中的小能手,兴趣一下子就能调动起来。这是引导幼儿复习5以内数的加减;这是复习6的组成。在新课学习中,通过可爱的动物图片群和插入声音的播放,激发幼儿学习新知的欲望,引导幼儿感知、探索得数是6的加法。这是引导幼儿观察动物图片,发现数量关系,学习5+1和1+5,初步引导通过组成计算得数;然后出示4+2和2+4两个算式,让幼儿摆弄小棒探索得。
1、 谈话引入新课六一快到了。小朋友们在老师的带领下忙着布置自己的教室呢!可是他们遇到了一些数学上的问题,你能帮他们一快解决吗?2、教学例1。(1)、投影出示主题图引导学生仔细观察。说说他们遇到了什么问题?(2)、引导学生解决问题并列出算式。板书:56÷8(3)、引导学生得出算式的商。问:你是怎么计算的?(想乘算除)(4)、学生独立解决:要是挂7行呢?你能够解决吗?学生说出自己的计算结果,并把求商的过程跟大家说一说。2、 小结:在今天的学习中我们不仅帮小朋友们解决了数学问题,而且还进一步学会了利用乘法口诀来求商。在以后的除法中只要大家能够熟记口诀,就能很快算出除法的商了。
在因式分解的几种方法中,提取公因式法师最基本的的方法,学生也很容易掌握。但在一些综合运用的题目中,学生总会易忘记先观察是否有公因式,而直接想着运用公式法分解。这样直接导致有些题目分解错误,有些题目分解不完全。所以在因式分解的步骤这一块还要继续加强。其实公式法分解因式。学生比较会将平方差和完全平方式混淆。这是对公式理解不透彻,彼此的特征区别还未真正掌握好。大体上可以从以下方面进行区分。如果是两项的平方差则在提取公因式后优先考虑平方差公式。如果是三项则优先考虑完全平方式进行因式分解。培养学生的整体观念,灵活运用公式的能力。注重总结做题步骤。这章节知识看起来很简单,但操作性很强的,相同或者相似的式子比较熟悉而需要转化的或者多种公式混合使用的式子就难以入手,基础不好的学生需要手把手的教,因此,应该引导学生总结多项式因式分解的一般步骤①如果多项式的各项有公因式,那么先提公因式;
数学活动的内容应具有启蒙性、生活性和可探索性。在这个活动中也注意到了这三点。第一、启蒙性。指幼儿对某一内容有所感知和体验,对这一内容获得较丰富的感性经验。在整个活动中,幼儿都处于感知和体验规律的氛围中,对于规律这一内容有了较丰富的认识。第二、生活性。教育生活与幼儿生活实际紧密联系。内容应该是幼儿所熟悉的,也是他们所能理解的。让幼儿感受到数学可以解决人们生活中所遇到的问题。活动选择了搭建动物园——铺一条去动物园的路、为动物园搭围墙这些内容。铺路搭围墙都是幼儿日常生活中了解熟悉的,幼儿能够接受理解。第三、可探索性。即培养幼儿初步的探索、猜想、逻辑推理能力,运用数学方法解决问题的能力。在活动中,幼儿通过观察探索规律,从而运用规律这一数学概念来解决排序的问题(即铺路、为小动物搭围墙)。
数学活动的内容具有生活性,这是指数学教育活动内容与幼儿的生活实际紧密相连,这些内容是幼儿所熟悉的,也是他们所能理解的,让他们感受到数学可以解决人们生活中遇到的问题。数字在我们的生活中无处不在,教师可以引导幼儿通过观察、发现周围环境中哪些地方、哪些物体上有数字,这些数字表示什么。例如:房屋上的门牌号码、书上的页码、汽车和汽车站上的数字、日历上的日期等等,它们分别表示着不同的意义。若能通过与幼儿生活实际相联系数学活动,让他们感到学习的内容是熟悉的,不仅能激发他们的兴趣,而且能让他们感受到数学就在他们身边是很有用的,并能激发幼儿更加注意,发现周围与数学有关的事务和现象。大班数学活动《设计门牌号码》就是运用生活中的序数经验,引导幼儿体验生活中数字的作用。
《纲要》指出:幼儿的发展是在与周围环境的相互作用中实现的,良好的教育环境对幼儿的身心发展具有积极的促进作用,应充分利用社区资源,拓展幼儿生活和学习的空间,借孩子感兴趣的事物,充分挖掘其潜在的、有利于孩子身心和谐发展的教育价值。超市是幼儿在日常生活中最熟悉的场所之一,超市里各种各样的物品吸引着幼儿。为此,我们选择了幼儿感兴趣的题材--“超市”开展主题活动。幼儿园数学是一门系统性、逻辑性很强的学科,有着自身的特点和规律,新《纲要》提出“数学教育必须要让幼儿能从生活和游戏中感受事物的数量关系并体验到数学的重要和有趣;教师要引导幼儿对周围环境中数、量、形、时间和空间等现象产生兴趣,建构初步的数概念,并学习用简单的数学方法解决生活和游戏中某些简单的问题。”由此可见生活化、游戏化已经成为构建数学课程最基本的原则。在对教材和本班幼儿的学习情况有一定了解后,我制定出本次活动目标:1、通过购物,学习5以内的加减运算;2、初步了解加减法算式所表达的实际意义。
2008年8月,奥运会将在我国首都北京举行,全国上下都在为奥运会积极准备,小朋友也通过电视、报纸等媒体、以及周围环境等多种途径了解了奥运会,他们对奥运会这个话题很感兴趣,奥运会的吉祥物福娃更是深受小朋友的欢迎。因此我就从孩子的兴趣入手,将数学活动融入孩子的生活,和他们所熟悉的、感兴趣的事物结合起来,设计了《福娃迎奥运》这个活动,把枯燥的数学知识寓于“福娃迎奥运”这个有趣的情景模式中,尽可能地调动孩子的积极性,使他们以愉快的情绪投入活动,获得经验。
认识单、双数是幼儿园大班幼儿上学期学习的数学内容之一,它来源于幼儿园课程中的科学领域。我发现幼儿在第一课时的学习后,对单、双数的掌握还存在个别差异,仍需要进一步的巩固、练习。我们知道,数学本身具有较强的逻辑性,在教学中容易让孩子感到枯燥、乏味,影响到幼儿学习的自主性和积极性。而《纲要》中明确指出:数学教育的目标是“能从生活和游戏中感受事物的数量关系并体验到数学的重要和有趣。”在这一精神的指导下,我构思了本节数学活动。将一系列的游戏贯穿于第二课时的整个活动中,让幼儿在玩中学,在学中乐。以幼儿在第一课时的学习情况及布卢姆的《教育目标分类学》为依据,我从认知、能力、情感方面确立了本节课的目标:(1)幼儿通过游戏能较熟练地分辩10以内的单数、双数。(2)培养幼儿思维的灵活性,提高幼儿在数学活动中的分析(3)幼儿在游戏中体验参加数学活动的乐趣。
[教学目标]1.知识与技能:巩固 100 以内数的认识,进一步理解数位和位值的含义,发展学生有序的思维能力,以及培养他们的归纳能力。2.过程与方法:学生经历“摆一摆、想一想”的主动探索的学习过程,探索出100 以内数的特点及规律。3.情感、态度与价值观:在实践操作中,通过找规律来发展学生的初步抽象思维能力。[重点难点]1.教学重点:进一步理解数位和位值的含义,发展学生有序的思维能力,以及培养他们的归纳能力。2.教学难点:发展学生有序的思维能力。[教学准备] 课件、数位表、磁力扣、围棋子(每人3 颗)。[教学过程]一、激趣导入1.用 1 颗棋子摆数。师:今天,我给同学们请来了一位好朋友,你们看!课件演示:同学们,大家好!我是围棋宝宝,今天我来和大家一起学习,你们高兴吗?这是你们学过的数位表吧?我也来看看!(围棋子跳到个位上)你们知道我现在表示几吗?为什么?生:表示 1,因为个位上有 1 个。
2、幼儿的动手、分辨能力,发展幼儿思维的灵活性。活动准备:几何图形挂件一人一个,数字卡片,演示教具,魔术卡每人一张活动过程:一、带幼儿进知识宫,激发幼儿的兴趣。师:今天老师要带小朋友到知识宫去玩。在知识宫,老师要给小朋友好多礼物,但这些礼物一定要小朋友动脑筋才能够得到。第一份礼物需根据自己挂着的图形和图形上的数字找座位,找到了,这个图形就作为第一份礼物送给你们。
1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接着,……最后,……这是英语中表达做某事的步骤的一种说法。如果步骤较多,还可以说:first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你会听到说英语国家的人在说 first, next, then, finally 和后面的内容时,他们会做一些停顿。这样就能提前告诉听者接下来讲的是一系列的步骤。这一点在朗读和听力中应特别注意。2. how many, how much均为疑问词,同是“多少”,但用法不同。请看:how many修饰可数名词复数,how much修饰不可数名词。但在用法上,同学们常犯如下错误:1) [误] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容词,常修饰名词作定语,故后面跟名词。2) [误]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。how many与how much的区别可简记为:前how many:问“多少”,复数名词后面跑;how much问“多少”,不可数名词单数好。前者答语用基数词,后者答语用数量关系。
“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation
Step Ⅶ Role play ( Work on 1b)1. First ask two students to read the dialogue to the class.Sa: How do you get to school?Sb: Well, I ride my bike to the subway station. Then I take the subway.2. Now work with a partner.Suppose you use two kinds of transportation to get to school \Hangzhou\Beijing... (bus, train, subway, walking, bike, etc.) Tell how you get there. You may use the phrases in 1a.3. Then ask different pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.Step ⅧListening1. Work on 2a(1) First ask students to read the list of information that Thomas wants to know.…where Nina lives.…how far from school she lives.…how long it takes to get to school.…how she gets to school.…what she thinks of the transportation.(2) Tell students what transportation and bus stop mean.bus stop 汽车站 transportation n. 运送;运输Then tell students we'll hear a recording. Please put a checkmark in front of each thing that Thomas wants to know.(3) Now play the recording for students.( Have students pay attention to the sample answer.) (4) Then correct the answers.
Teaching goals : 1. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc. 2. How to talk about future plans . 3. 现在进行时表示将来计划或行动. 4. 特殊疑问句(where , when , how long引导) Important and difficult points : Drills :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m watching TV . When are you going ? I’m going … . How long are you staying ? We’re staying for five days . Teaching aids : cards and a tape ,a large wall calendar . Period 1 Teaching procedures : Step 1Leading in1. Free talk . 2. Put up the wall calendar . T: I’m staying home on Saturday (pointing to next Saturday ).Ss repeat . Ss: I’m staying home on Saturday . T: OK. Today we’ll learn how to talk about future plans. Step 2Pre-task SB Page 13 , 1a . 1. Look at the picture carefully and tell what you see in the picture . 2. Write the activities from the pictures in the box and add some more . 3. Practice reading . Step 3While-task1. Using the activities we write in 1a to make conversations .For example :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m visiting my uncle . 2. Pairwork .Practice in pairs . 3. 用第三人称练习对话.
1 交通工具的比较此活动为小组活动。学生通过讨论找出到达某一城市可乘坐的各种交通工具,并选择最佳出行方式。Teacher:We’re going to Shanghai. How many ways can we use to get there? Yes, there are four ways: by bus, by plane, by train, by ship. Please discuss how you are going to get there.操作建议:(1)学生以小组为单位展开活动,谈论本组所选择的交通工具。(2)各组选代表向全班汇报,阐述本组所选择的交通工具的利和弊。完成任务所需要的语言结构:We can go there by ship. It’s more comfortable and cheaper than any other transportation.We can go there by bus. It’s cheaper but it takes longer time.2 哪个城市更合适?此活动具有挑战性。假设中国要举行2014年世界杯足球赛,分别从历史,人文,天气等方面对各城市(北京,大连,上海,昆明)进行比较,选择最佳举办城市。T: Imagine China is holding the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Which city do you think is the best for the World Cup, Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai or Kunming? Let’s work in groups. If you choose Beijing, please join the Team Red. If you chose Dalian, please join the Team White. If you choose Shanghai, please join the Team Blue. If you choose Kunming, please join the Team Green. Please show us its advantages. Then let’s see which team will win.
Step 1 Greeting Greet the class and check the homeworkStep 2 A duty report The S on duty gives a report on the rules in his home and lead in 3a “Sun Fei’s and Wu Yu’s rules” Step 3 ReadingSs read the conversation and write the two girls’ rules in the chart. Check the answers.Get Ss to read after the tape and then read aloud by themselves. Then, T explains the language points.Step 4 Pairwork 3bRole play. Use the information in chart to practice with the conversation in 3a covered. They can look at the sample conversation in the right box.Step 5 Task 2 “Who’s the best reporter?”Make a survey by asking any 5 students the questions in the chart in activity 4. Then give out a report about it. See who is the best reporter? And the best reporter will get a nice ball-pen.Step 6 Summary and homework:Write out the report in your exercise-books.Period ThreeStep 1 Greeting and a duty reportThe S gives a duty report talking about his experience of being late for school. Lead in the question “Do you ever get to school late? How often do you get to school late? Always, usually, sometimes, or never?Step 2 1a Get Ss to finish writing.Step 3 Pairwork 1b Get Ss to talk about their answers with their partners using the sample conversation in the box on the right.Step 4 Listening practice2a Lead-in: What will happen if you get to school late? What about Peter? Let’s listen to a conversation between Peter and his father. Get Ss to finish 2a (As usual, for the first time, Ss only listen.) Check the answers.
The First PeriodⅠ.Teaching Aims and DemandsKnowledge Objects(1) Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site(2) Target LanguageWhere would you like to go on vacation?I’d like to trek through the jungle, because I like exciting vacations.2. Ability Objects(1)Train students to talk about places they would like to visit with the target language.(2)Train students to describe vacations with different adjectives.(3)Train students' listening skill.3. Moral Object,It′s more interesting to go on vacating somewhere instead of staying at home.Ⅱ. Teaching Key Points1. Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site2. Target LanguageTalk about different places with the target language.Ⅲ. Teaching Difficult Points1. Describe vacations with different adjectives.2. Talk about different places with the target language.Ⅳ. Teaching Methods1. Teaching by illumination2. Teaching by doing chain drills3. Teaching by pairworkⅤ. Teaching Aids1. A tape recorder2. Some pictures of different places with famous views
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