一、教材分析本框题包括什么是哲学的基本问题、为什么思维和存在的关系问题是哲学的基本问题两个目题。第一个问题:什么是哲学的基本问题。其逻辑顺序是:什么是哲学的基本问题→哲学的基本问题所包含的两方面的内容→对哲学的基本问题第一方面内容的不同回答是划分唯物主义和唯心主义的标准→对哲学的基本问题第二方面内容的不同回答是划分可知论和不可知论的标准。第二个问题:为什么思维和存在的关系问题是哲学的基本问题。其 逻辑顺序是:思维和存在的关系问题是人们在现实生活和实践活动中遇到的和无法回避的基本问题→思维和存在的关系问题,是一切哲学都不能回避的、必须回答的问题→思维和存在的关系问题,贯穿于哲学发展的始终,对这个问题的不同回答决定着各种哲学的基本性质和方向,决定着对其它哲学问题的回答。 二、教学目标(一)知识目标(1)识记哲学的基本问题(2)解释哲学的基本问题
【教学目标与核心素养】1. Instruct students to get main facts by listening and motivate them to talk about the topics about how to prepare for the trip and make reservations by listening and ultimately can make travel arrangements and reservations. 2. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual thinking capability. 3. Develop students’ different listening skills to solve different listening comprehensive problems.4. Help students to understand how to use the structures “the present continuous tense (be doing) is used to express future plans.【教学重难点】1. Teach students how to focus on key words, not on single words or grammar.2. Prompt Ss to talk about the related topics, such as how to prepare for the trip and make a travel plan.【教学过程】Step 1: Listening and SpeakingLead inThe teacher is advised to talk with their students about the places that they want to travel most both at home and abroad: boys and girls, if you have a chance to travel around the world, where will you go? After their small talk, the teacher can move on by finishing the following listening task:Before travelling, what do we need to prepare for the trip?
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
1. 这个寓言是一个关于一位国王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用这个故事让读者对于社区的问题负有个人责任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 这个故事十分成功的实现了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
1.流水堆积地貌由于河床坡度降低,导致流速减小 ,或者其他原因,引起河流搬运能力降低,促使沉积发生,形成堆积地貌。常见的河流堆积地貌主要有以下几种:(1)冲积扇平原冲积扇是河流出山口处的扇形堆积体。河流出 山口后,比降显著减小,水流又分成许多交汉,成扇状向外流动,河流能量显著降低,大量物质堆积下来,又有利于河流改道。随着各支汊的不断堆积和变迁,就形成冲积扇。冲积扇的物质结构,一般是顶部物质较粗,主要为沙、砾 ,随着水流搬运能力向边缘减弱,堆积的物质逐渐变细,边缘一般多为沙、粉沙及亚粘土,分选性较好,所以冲积扇是较好的含水层,边缘常有泉水出 露,可发展自流灌 溉。若山地河谷随山地间歇抬升,也可形成叠置冲积扇。(2)河漫滩平原河漫滩平原发源于河流中下游。在河流中下游地区,河流下蚀作用减弱,侧蚀作用加强,河流往往凹岸侵蚀,在凸岸堆积形成水下堆积体。堆积体 的面积逐渐扩大,在枯水季节露出水面,形成河漫滩(见下图)。
活动建议:亚马孙雨林的开发和保护,一直作为一个两难问题困扰着决策者们。这三个议题的提出,为决策者们提供了思考的途径,其实这也是国际社会的呼声。活动中,可以让同学们任意选一个感兴趣的议题,进行评述、整理、发挥,然后进行交流,达成共识。或以板报的形式 进行。板书设计第二节 森林的开发和保护——以亚马孙热带雨林为例四、亚马孙开发计划及其影响1.全球热带雨林被毁的原因⑴直接原因——人类的开发⑵亚马孙地区,破坏雨林的人类活动:⑶开发的背景:2.亚马孙地区开发过程⑴从历史因素看,对雨林影响不大。⑵20世纪五六十年代后,影响逐渐加大3.亚马孙流域 大规模开发计划⑴修建亚马孙横贯公路 ⑵移民亚马孙平原⑶借助外资、鼓励跨国企业投资开发五、雨林的前途——开发还是保护1.目前,全球的热带雨林正以惊人的速度不断减少。2.亚马孙这片全球最大的热带雨林,前景也同样不容乐观。3.开发 与保护?
1.阅读图5.16,说明产业向国外转移对日本经济的不利影响。点拨:图5.16直观的显示了产业转移对日本经济的不利影响:形成“产业转移出去的多,转移进来的少→国内生产投资不足,生产困难→市场萎缩→产业向外转移,外资不愿进入”的恶性循环。2.尽管重化工业的环境污染比较严重,但是却能为工业化的发展提供坚实的基础,因此成为发达工业的象征。日本、韩国的经济发展都经历了由轻工业(劳动密集型)到重化工业(资源密集型和资金密集型)到高科技工业(技术密集型)的阶段。(1)为什么日本、韩国在重点发展重化工业之前,要先发展劳动密集型工业?点拨:重化工业的发展一方面需要有一定的工业基础和技术工人,另一方面需要投入大量的资金,先发展劳动密集型工业有利于利用劳动力资源丰富且廉价的优势,积累资金和造就产业工人。所以,劳动力丰富的发展中国家或地区的工业化往往从优先发展劳动密集型工业开始。
我们将三球仪中的月球放在地球和太阳之间时,对照“月相成因图”,它的暗面完全对着地球,而被太阳照亮的一面正对着太阳,我们看不到月亮,这时正是农历初一,被称为“新月”。又称为“朔”。 过了新月,月亮被照亮的部分慢慢地转向地球。当它从太阳的光辉中出现时,便出现了一丝蛾眉的弯月,此时为农历的初三、初四,因其形似蛾眉,被称为“蛾眉月”。此后,被太阳光照亮的部分越来越多地转向地球,当有一半亮面和一半暗面都对着地球时,明亮部分和黑暗部分的界线似乎像一张弓中没有拉动的弦。此时是夏历初七、初八,称为“上弦月”。这时月亮很明亮,有时在白天也能看见。在往后,月亮明亮部分越来越增大,当它转到与新月正好相反时,被太阳照亮的部分全都对着地球,看起来月亮就似一轮圆月,此时正是 农历十五、十六、十七,称为“满月”,又称为“望”。
1、图12.5“浦东新区的规划图”首先了解浦东新区的位置,浦东新区位于黄浦江东部,东临东海,北濒长江,面积广阔,地形平坦,和上海市繁华的外滩和南京路只有一江之隔;其次要了解城市规划的功能分区。2、图12.6“浦东新区图”图中可见已建成陆家嘴、张江、金桥、外高桥、孙桥等功能分区,理解浦东作为现代化城市新区的格局已基本形成。3、图12.8“浦东新区的产业结构图(1997年)”读此图应该明确,浦东新区国民经济的主要支柱是工业,第二产业占62.1%,比重最小的是第一产业,仅占0.8%,为充分发挥浦东新区的龙头作用,今后该区应继续把第二产业放在首要位置,成为上海市高新技术产业和现代工业的基地。【教学内容】一、浦东新区的开发条件和作用建设城市新区是上海市发展的必然选择,建设新城区首先要选择合适的区域。
【考点搜索】理解中国国土整治的必要性、主要内容及其与区域可持续发展的关系。【教材分析】本课是我国国土整治与区域发展的一个开篇,目的是让学生了解国土整治的概念、意义、我国进行国土整治的必要性和迫切性、我国国土整治的重点工程、国土整治与区域发展的关系。使学生了解我国实施国土整治与区域发展的一些基本理论和原则,为以后各单元讨论典型地区的国土整治与区域发展奠定理论基础。◆重要图释1、图2.2“中国防护林体系规划示意图”防护林体系工程是中国生态工程建设的基本框架,覆盖了我国主要水土流失区、风沙危害区、盐碱区和台风区。图中深绿色区域为“三北”防护林体系建设规划区、浅绿色区域为长江中上游防护林体系建设规划区、紫色区域为沿海防护林体系建设规划区。其中“三北”防护林体系工程是世界最大的生态工程。
4、在西部大开发中,铁路等基础设施必须先行。这主要是因为铁路建设()A.投资规模巨大,建设周期长B.提供就业机会,提高人均收入C.加快商品流通,促进共同发展D.投资回报较高,实现持续发展5、根据我国三个经济地带的发展理论,西部经济地带将建成()A.水电基地B.商品粮基地C.有色金属等原材料基地D.石油和畜牧业基地6、对三个经济地带协调发展的理解,正确的是()A.地区间的协调发展,应逐渐缩小各地带的经济差距或使扩大的趋势有所缓解B.产业间的协调发展,形成合理的地区产业结构和产业特色C.优势互补,合理分工,平均发展D.把中西部的资源优势转化为经济优势,全部就地加工石油和天然气资源7、下列有关三个经济地带发展的叙述,正确的是()A.把部分劳动密集型加工企业逐步转移到中西部B.把农牧产品加工企业逐步转移到东部C.优先安排东部地区基础设施和资源开发项目D.充分发挥三个地带各自的优势,实现协调发展
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