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新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教学设计
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Reading and Thinking教学设计
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案：1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking＆Talking教学设计二
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教学设计二
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money- Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
Step 3 Meaning1. 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should +动词原形”构成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。2. was/were going to+动词原形: 表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作, 常用于口语中, 表示预言、意图或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用来表示即将发生的动作, “刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾计划做某事”, 如果表示“本来计划做某事, 动作没实现”, 则需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等动词的过去进行时: 表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was coming later. 她随后就来。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教学设计
4. A：We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B：↙Who?A：We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who，其意思是问，对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Listening &Speaking教学设计
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5：After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 The value of money-Reading and Thinking教学设计二
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8：Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的状语)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的状语)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的状语)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定语)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定语)Summary:1. 不定式的结构：to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子，我们知道在描述太空探索时，动词不定式不仅可以用来表目的，还可以用来作定语，表修饰。
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading for Writing教学设计二
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand，70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more，with further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also，space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well－organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation？
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Reading for Writing教学设计二
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸！It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
人教版新课标小学数学五年级上册简易方程列方程解决问题说课稿
设计意图：在游戏中巩固策略，提高学生学习兴趣，缓解学习疲劳。这个游戏的“揭密”过程关注方法的多样化，让学生体会列方程的策略和倒推策略之间的联系，把新旧知识进行了有机地融合，以培养学生思维的灵活性和发散性。四、课堂小结 提升策略提问学生：这节课你学会了应用什么策略解决实际问题？什么类型的题目适合用今天的策略解答？用这样的策略解决实际问题要注意什么？你还有别的收获吗？设计意图：突出主题，让学生总结本课的学习内容和学习重点；同时关注学生的个性发展，引导学生进行个性化的总结，体现不同层次的学生对课堂教学的领悟程度。五、课堂作业列方程解决实际问题，完成练习一4、5两题。设计意图：及时反馈学生学习情况，为后续教学研究收集宝贵的教学信息。
数据的整理教案教学设计
一、课前准备师：同学们想一想，你同父母一起去商店买衣服时，衣服上的号码都有哪些，标志是什么？学生：我看到有些衣服上标有M、S、L、XL、XXL等号码．但我不清楚代表的具体范围，适合什么人穿，但肯定与身高、胖瘦有关．师：这位同学很善动脑，也爱观察．S代表最小号，身高在150~155cm的人适合穿S号．M号适合身高在155~160cm的人着装……厂家做衣服订尺寸也并不是按所有人的尺寸定做，而是按某个范围分组批量生产．你觉得这种生产方法有什么优点？学校要为同学们订制校服，为此小明调查了他们班50名同学的身高，结果(单位cm)．如下
【高教版】中职数学基础模块上册：5.3任意角的正弦函数、余弦函数和正切函数
【教学目标】知识目标：⑴ 理解任意角的三角函数的定义及定义域；⑵ 理解三角函数在各象限的正负号；⑶掌握界限角的三角函数值．能力目标：⑴会利用定义求任意角的三角函数值；⑵会判断任意角三角函数的正负号；⑶培养学生的观察能力．【教学重点】⑴ 任意角的三角函数的概念；⑵ 三角函数在各象限的符号；⑶特殊角的三角函数值．【教学难点】任意角的三角函数值符号的确定．【教学设计】（1）在知识回顾中推广得到新知识；（2）数形结合探求三角函数的定义域；（3）利用定义认识各象限角三角函数的正负号；（4）数形结合认识界限角的三角函数值；（5）问题引领，师生互动．在问题的思考和交流中，提升能力.
北师大初中数学八年级上册一次函数与正比例函数1教案
煤的价格为400元/吨，生产1吨甲产品除需原料费用外，还需其他费用400元，甲产品每吨售价4600元；生产1吨乙产品除原料费用外，还需其他费用500元，乙产品每吨售价5500元．现将该矿石原料全部用完，设生产甲产品x吨，乙产品m吨，公司获得的总利润为y元．(1)写出m与x的关系式；(2)写出y与x的函数关系式．(不要求写自变量的取值范围)解析：(1)因为矿石的总量一定，当生产的甲产品的数量x变化时，那么乙产品的产量m将随之变化，m和x是动态变化的两个量；(2)题目中的等量关系为总利润y＝甲产品的利润＋乙产品的利润．解：(1)因为4m＋10x＝300，所以m＝150－5x2.(2)生产1吨甲产品获利为4600－10×200－4×400－400＝600(元)；生产1吨乙产品获利为5500－4×200－8×400－500＝1000(元)．所以y＝600x＋1000m.将m＝150－5x2代入，得y＝600x＋1000×150－5x2，即y＝－1900x＋75000.方法总结：根据条件求一次函数的关系式时，要找准题中所给的等量关系，然后求解．
北师大初中数学八年级上册二元一次方程与一次函数2教案
2. 在弹性限度内，弹簧的长度y（厘米）是所挂物体质量x（千克）的一次函数．当所挂物体的质量为1千克时弹簧长15厘米；当所挂物体的质量为3千克时，弹簧长16厘米．写出y与x之间的函数关系式，并求当所挂物体的质量为4千克时弹簧的长度．答案： 当x＝４是，y＝ 3. 教材例2的再探索：我边防局接到情报，近海处有一可疑船只A正向公海方向行驶．边防局迅速派出快艇B追赶，如图所示， ， 分别表示两船相对于海岸的距离s（海里）与追赶时间t（分）之间的关系．当时间t等于多少分钟时，我边防快艇B能够追赶上A。答案：直线 的解析式： ，直线 的解析式： 15分钟第五环节课堂小结（2分钟，教师引导学生总结）内容：一、函数与方程之间的关系．二、在解决实际问题时从不同角度思考问题，就会得到不一样的方法，从而拓展自己的思维．三、掌握利用二元一次方程组求一次函数表达式的一般步骤：1．用含字母的系数设出一次函数的表达式： ；2．将已知条件代入上述表达式中得k，b的二元一次方程组；3．解这个二元一次方程组得k，b，进而得到一次函数的表达式.
北师大初中八年级数学下册分式方程的解法教案
【类型三】 分式方程无解，求字母的值若关于x的分式方程2x－2＋mxx2－4＝3x＋2无解，求m的值．解析：先把分式方程化为整式方程，再分两种情况讨论求解：一元一次方程无解与分式方程有增根．解：方程两边都乘以(x＋2)(x－2)，得2(x＋2)＋mx＝3(x－2)，即(m－1)x＝－10.①当m－1＝0时，此方程无解，此时m＝1；②方程有增根，则x＝2或x＝－2，当x＝2时，代入(m－1)x＝－10得(m－1)×2＝－10，m＝－4；当x＝－2时，代入(m－1)x＝－10得(m－1)×(－2)＝－10，解得m＝6，∴m的值是1，－4或6.方法总结：分式方程无解与分式方程有增根所表达的意义是不一样的．分式方程有增根仅仅针对使最简公分母为0的数，分式方程无解不但包括使最简公分母为0的数，而且还包括分式方程化为整式方程后，使整式方程无解的数．三、板书设计1．分式方程的解法方程两边同乘以最简公分母，化为整式方程求解，再检验．2．分式方程的增根(1)解分式方程为什么会产生增根；(2)分式方程检验的方法．
人教版新课标小学数学五年级上册方程的意义说课稿2篇
二、探究交流，引导概括 —— 方程为了培养学生的发现和抽象概括能力，同时进一步理解方程的意义，我让学生分组学习，引导他们先找出②20+χ=100，⑥ 3χ=180，⑧100+2χ=3×50像上面三臄等式的有共同特征，然后归纳概括什么叫做方程？最后得出：像这样的含有未知数的等式，叫做方程。三、讨论比较，辨析、概念 —— 等式与方程的关系为了体现学生的主体性，培养学生的合作意识，同时让学生在解决问题的过程中得到创造的乐趣。通过四人合作用自己的方法创作 “ 方程 ” 与 “ 等式 ” 的关系图，并用自己的话说一说 “ 等式 ” 与 “ 方程 ” 的关系：方程一定是等式，但等式不一定是方程。四、巩固深化，拓展思维 —— 练习1 、“做一做”：2、判断是否方程3、“方程一定是等式，等式也一定是方程”这句话对吗？4、叫学生用图来表示等式和方程的关系。
数据的收集与整理 3 数据的表示教案教学设计
创设情境，导入新课：你对母亲知多少师问1：我们5月份刚过了一个重要的节日，你知道是什么吗？----母亲节。师问2：那你知道妈妈的生日吗？（举手示意），每个妈妈都知道自己孩子的生日，请不知道的同学回家了解一下，多关心一下自己的父母。师问3：那你知道妈妈最爱吃的菜吗？你可以选择知道、不知道或者是没有爱吃的（拖动白板上相对应的表情符号）。请大家用不同的手势表示出来。我找3名同学统计各组的数据，写在黑板上（随机找3名学生数人数）。下面我来随机采访一下：你妈妈最喜欢吃的菜是什么？（教师随机采访，结合营养搭配和感恩教育）
小学数学人教版五年级上册《解方程》说课稿
二、说教学目标知识与技能：初步理解“方程的解”和“解方程”的含义，以及之间的联系和区别。能用等式的性质解形如X±a=b的方程，掌握解方程的格式和写法。初步学会检验某个数是否是方程的解，培养学生检验的习惯，提高计算能力。过程和方法：通过探索、讨论、交流等活动，让学生初步理解“方程的解”和“解方程”的概念。经历运用等式的性质探究方程解法的过程，体会方程的解法和等式的性质之间的联系。情感、态度与价值观：1. 学生能积极参与数学学习活动，对数学有好奇心和求知欲。2. 在观察、猜想、验证等数学活动中，培养学生的数学素养。重点：方程的解和解方程的概念，初步掌握用等式性质来解简易方程的方法。难点：区别方程的解和解方程的含义。解方程的算理。三、说教法与学法教法：新课标指出，教师是学习的组织者、引导者、合作者，充分发挥学生的主体性。根据这一理念，我在教学中通过观察、猜想、验证等方式，自主探索、自主学习。有目的地运用知识迁移的规律，引导学生进行观察、比较、分析、概括，培养学生的逻辑思维能力。学法：①让学生学会以旧引新，掌握并运用知识迁移进行学习的方法；②让学生学会自主发现问题，分析问题，解决问题的方法。