
观点一:没有无义务的权利,也没有无权利的义务;观点二权利与义务是完全对等的。根据学生的回答,教师点拨归纳,一般来说,权利与义务是对等的,因为没有义务的权利只能是特权,而没有权利的义务只能是奴役,只有将权利与义务有机结合起来,才能构成一个符合社会发展要求的公民社会,在讨论和思考中,使学生树立正确的观点,引导学生多方面、多角度地辩证认识权利与义务的关系。(3)个人利益和国家利益相结合的原则。引出汶川大地震中一些先进人物事迹,但另外也有一些人发国难财的人,如黑心棉事件等,针对上述材料,请同学们谈谈自己的看法。引导学生理解国家和公民个人利益在根本上是一致的,当个人利益与国家利益发生矛盾时,个人利益要服从国家利益。通过案例分析,培养学生获取信息的能力,自主学习的能力以及全面看问题的能力,再结合教师的讲授,给学生一种茅塞顿开的感觉。

环节四 课堂小结 巩固知识 本节课我采用线索性的板书,整个知识结构一目了然,为了充分发挥学生在课堂的主体地位,我将课堂小结交由学生完成,请学生根据课堂学习的内容,结合我的板书设计来进行小结,以此来帮助教师在第一时间掌握学生学习信息的反馈,同时培养学生归纳分析能力、概括能力。环节五 情景回归,情感升华我的实习指导老师告诉过我们,政治这一门学科要从生活中来到生活去,所以在课堂的最后布置课外作业,以此培养学生对理论的实际运用能力,同时检验他们对知识的真正掌握情况,以此达到情感的升华,本节课,我根据建构主义理论,强调学生是学习的中心,学生是知识意义的主动建构者,是信息加工的主体,要强调学生在课堂中的参与性、以及探究性,不仅让他们懂得知识,更让他们相信知识,并且将知识融入到实践当中去,最终达到知、情、意、行的统一。

环节四 课堂小结 巩固知识本节课我采用线索性的板书,整个知识结构一目了然,为了充分发挥学生在课堂的主体地位,我将课堂小结交由学生完成,请学生根据课堂学习的内容,结合我的板书设计来进行小结,以此来帮助教师在第一时间掌握学生学习信息的反馈,同时培养学生归纳分析能力、概括能力。环节五 情景回归,情感升华我的实习指导老师告诉过我们,政治这一门学科要从生活中来到生活去,所以在课堂的最后布置课外作业,以此培养学生对理论的实际运用能力,同时检验他们对知识的真正掌握情况,以此达到情感的升华,本节课,我根据建构主义理论,强调学生是学习的中心,学生是知识意义的主动建构者,是信息加工的主体,要强调学生在课堂中的参与性、以及探究性,不仅让他们懂得知识,更让他们相信知识,并且将知识融入到实践当中去,最终达到知、情、意、行的统一。

投影上海市的卫星城镇建设、交通改善图以及住房图等,探讨上海为解决城市化的问题做了哪些方面的工作?进一步引导思考总结对于城市化带来的问题,除了上海市的做法,你还有什么想法?◆设计意图:借上海的例子一方面引导学生解决问题的思路,让学生自己掌握城市化问题及措施,活跃思维;另一方面帮助学生树立学习优秀的意识;4.活动设计.未来展望——生态城市课本38页的活动,结合合肥市环城公园,解释生态城市。◆设计意图:进一步让学生认识到人地协调的重要性,牢固树立可持续发展的观念。5.活动设计分析南京的城市化过程中存在哪些问题,除了共性外,还有没有自己的个性问题?对于问题展开讨论,并提出相应的解决措施。◆设计意图:结合身边的地理,落实乡土地理的教育,激发学生热爱家乡,从身边的环境小事做起,落实环境教育。

提问:结合课本找出城市地域结构模式的类型及各自特点,模式形成的因素又有哪些?学生回答,使其掌握基本模式及特点,通过对比,分析把握每一模式各自的特征,学会把握事物本质。◆设计意图:阅读课本,总结归纳,同时引导,通过原因规律的探究,大胆设想,总结规律掌握人文地理学习思路。4.活动设计:内部空间结构变化,结合实例,分析说明。提问:结合江宁区的变化,分析江宁区城市结构发生了哪些变化?结合课本24页活动题,提出功能结构布局方案?通过理论联系实际,让学生更好理解理论,掌握城市结构布局的变化及其影响因素,通过活动题方案的提出,学生能够掌握布局的规律性,解决问题。设计意图:理论联系实际,知识的不枯燥性,提高学生学习兴趣。同时,能够通过总结,深层次认识城市结构布局,活学活用。

下面是对以高技术产业为主的新工业区的内容进行讲解,教材以美国“硅谷”为例,首先谈的是高技术工业的特点,然后讲述的是“硅谷”的发展条件,由于教学模式与意大利新工业区的内容基本一致,这里就不再赘述了。接下来教材中提到的与之对照的案例同样是以高技术产业而闻名的中关村,由于中关村在国内的知名度较高,一般学生都有所了解,因此不妨让学生谈谈自己的看法:对于高新技术产业的发展有何建议,相对于发展较为成功的“硅谷”我们需要学习的方面又是哪些?案例中最后一个问题很值得深省,我国的新工业区到底怎样做才能够获得成功,简单的模仿下我们缺少的又是什么?这个问题可以作为拓展,让学生写一篇简短的论文作为课后作业。最后做以简单的课堂小结。本节内容的教学可能会相对繁杂,而案例之间的分析过程又过于雷同,所以难免枯燥。在处理这个问题上,我将尽量做到详略得当,主要培养学生的自主学习能力。

在学生回答的基础上进行归纳小结:发展城市公共交通? 明确道路分工? 合理规划停车场? 减少出行距离? 错开出行高峰? 加大城市道路建设? 进行科学合理的交通管理,重视智能交通系统的建设提问:这组同学在幻灯片中提到城市环境污染源主要有哪些?城市交通环境问题除了交通工具的尾气排放带来大气污染外,还会给城市环境带来什么问题?这组同学基本同意自行车多是加剧南京空气污染的间接原因,你同意他们的观点吗?在学生回答的基础上,教师进行归纳小结:自行车是一种绿色交通工具,既环保又经济。只有当它在某些机动车和非机动车不分的地段,影响车辆行驶速度的时候,它才可能成为加剧空气污染的间接原因。那么我们针对交通工具对环境造成的影响,除了这组同学提到的三点解决措施以外,我们还有什么要补充的解决方法吗?

b.基于对农民工现象的认识以及资料2的分析,请同学辨证的分析出这一现象的利弊——分析问题,当然,这一部分内容还是要以学生自主学习、合作学习为主,但教师要给予一定的引导。c.最后,请同学讨论,提出自己的意见和建议,应该怎样解决农民工所面临的问题——解决问题。这一部分要求学生提出自己的见解,不局限于书本,发挥自身的创造性思维。3.课堂小结:本节课作为问题研究课程,探讨了我国现阶段的农民工现象,了解了农民工生存的环境,以及体会了解决农民工问题的必要性和重要性,并通过合作探讨,得出了一些列解决的方案。着重培养大家对于问题的综合分析能力。增加大家对农民工现象的感性认识,希望大家运用所学知识关心现实社会中的问题,增强社会责任感,学以致用。

一、 教材分析与学情分析教材分析人民教育出版社普通高中课程标准实验教科书必修2第七章第九节。本节内容安排在学习机械能守恒定律之后的目的,是为了使学生在理论上对机械能守恒定律有所了解的基础上,通过实验测量及对实验数据的分析处理,对机械能守恒定律及条件有深刻的认识。学情分析知识层面:学生已经掌握了动能、重力势能等概念以及动能定理、机械能守恒定律等定理、定律;知道功是能量转换的量度以及机械能守恒的条件。能力层面:学生已具备一定的实验操作技能,会用打点计时器以及直尺等实验仪器。具备一定的数据处理能力。二、教学目标与重点、难点教学目标知识与技能:1、会用打点计时器打下的纸带计算物体运动的速度。2、掌握验证机械能守恒定律的实验原理。

一、教材分析行星的运动选自人教版普通高中物理必修2第六章第1节。本节教学既是前面《运动的描述》和《曲线运动》内容的进一步的延伸和拓展,又能为后面学习万有引力定律做铺垫。在本章中占有较为重要的地位,具有承前启后的作用。同时该节内容也涉及大量物理史实、贴近学生生活和联系社会实际的事实,可进一步培育学生的科学情感、精神和发展观。(一)教学目标 1.知识与技能(1)知道地心说和日心说的基本内容。(2.)掌握理解开普勒三大定律的内容,并能应用。(3)理解人们对行星运动的认识过程是漫长复杂的,真理是来之不易的。2.过程与方法通过托勒密、哥白尼、第谷·布拉赫、开普勒等几位科学家对行星运动的不同认识,了解人类认识事物本质的曲折性并加深对行星运动的理解。3.情感、态度与价值观(1)澄清对天体运动神秘、模糊的认识,掌握人类认识自然规律的科学方法。(2)感悟科学是人类进步不竭的动力。

Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.

The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.

Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a

The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?

Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.

⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?

2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?

【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!

1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.

Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
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