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人教版高中历史必修2二战后苏联的经济改革教案
⑤强调对外关系的灵活性。戈尔巴乔夫指出在对外政策中要采取多种办法选择不同的策略路线达到既定目标。在外交谈判中不要为自己制造死胡同，也不要给对方制造死胡同，要善于迎合伙伴，寻求接触点。在这种思想指导下，苏共采取的对外战略是以军控为中心的缓和战略，具体政策是继续与美国就裁军、消减核武器、限制地区冲突等问题进行谈判，缓解苏美关系；对西欧争取建立“全欧大厦”；对东欧实行纠偏、不干涉政策；对中国改善关系，实现关系正常化；调整与第三世界国家关系，解决阿富汗、柬埔寨等问题。 3、影响：①经济改革措施仓促上马，缺少宏观决策和相应的配套措施；加上戈尔巴乔夫没有放弃苏联的传统做法，继续优先发展重工业，致使改革未达到预期的效果，苏联经济持续下滑②经济体制改革受挫后，把改革的重点转向政治领域，最终导致国内局势的失控和苏联的解体。
人教版高中历史必修2空前严重的资本主义世界经济危机教案
在美国历史上，很少有像胡佛那样受到老百姓讽刺、憎恶的总统。用破铁罐、纸板和粗麻布搭起来的棚户叫做“胡佛村”，手里提着的装破烂的口袋叫做“胡佛袋”，乡下的贫民把破汽车前部锯掉，套上骨瘦如柴的骡子，叫做“胡佛车” ，在公园长凳上躺着过夜的人用旧报纸裹身取暖，叫做“胡佛毯”，衣袋翻过来，一个钱也找不到，叫做“胡佛旗”，野兔被饥饿的农民抓来吃，叫做“胡佛猪”。杂耍演员插科打诨说：“什么?生意好起来了吗，你的意思是说胡佛死了吧。”★教学反思：本课内容比较条理清楚，旨在说明罗斯福新政实施的背景。备课时考虑将课文顺序进行一下调整，使学生能从较直观的危机的现象进入本课，较易激发学生的兴趣，再来分析原因学生也就比较容易接受。在分析原因时通过材料和课文的阅读，使学生自己通过思考逐步得出结论。而关于胡佛政府的措施的讲述，及问题的提出则可让学生先进行预习，为下一课进入罗斯福新政的学习做好准备。多媒体课件的应用也能使教学活动顺利流畅的进行。
人教版高中历史必修2战后资本主义世界经济体系的形成教案
②其他货币与美元挂钩：即各会员国货币对美元的汇率按各自货币的含金量与美元确定固定比价。各国货币与美元的汇率可按各国货币含金量与美元含金量之比来确定，这称为法定汇率。例如，1946年一英镑的含金量为3．58134克，一美元的含金量为0．888671克，则英镑和美元的含金量之比1英镑＝4．03美元就是法定汇率。这一规定，使美元等同于黄金，美元从此有了“美金”的说法；与美元比起来，其他国家的货币处于从属地位，确立了美元在国际货币体系中的中心地位、主导地位正如当时美国财政部长福勒所说：“各个行星围绕着太阳转，各国货币围绕着美元转。”小结： “布雷顿森林体系”是一个以美元为中心的世界货币体系，美国通过布雷顿森林体系，掌握了资本主义世界的经济命脉。（2）影响：①为世界货币关系提供了统一的标准和基础，有利于维持战后世界货币体系的正常运转，为世界经济的恢复和发展创造了条件。
人教版高中历史必修2殖民扩张与世界市场的拓展教案
●活动与探究从葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰的兴衰历程，从英国的强盛历程，我们从中可获得什么启示？启示：积极发展本国的工商业；实现制度创新；抓住机遇，及时更新观念；建立能保障自身经济顺利发展的国防力量，尤其是海军力量；积极发展海外贸易，实行对外开放……★本课小结16世纪后期荷兰积极向海外殖民扩张，在17世纪建立了世界范围内的殖民帝国；17世纪开始，英国也积极向海外殖民扩张，并与荷兰、法国进行了激烈的争夺，到18世纪中期，英国成为世界上最大的殖民国家，最终确立了世界殖民霸权；新航路开辟后，伴随着殖民扩张，人类的商业活动开始在全球范围内开展，人类的经济活动由于世界市场的出现而第一次被广泛地联系在一起，而西欧国家对殖民地财富、资源、劳动力的暴力掠夺，是欧洲发展和兴旺的重要条件，也是亚、非、拉美灾难的根源。
人教版高中生物必修2基因是有遗传效应的DNA片段说课稿
1.基因的化学组成：每个基因含有成百上千个脱氧核苷酸。讲述：基因的脱氧核苷酸排列顺序代表遗传信息。2.基因不同的实质：不同的基因，四种脱氧核苷酸的排列顺序不同，但是每个基因都有特定的排列顺序。3.基因的位置：染色体是基因的主要载体，每个染色体含有一个DNA分子，每个DNA分子含有多个基因，基因在染色体上呈直线排列。4.基因是有遗传效应的DNA片段这就是说，基因是DNA的片段，但必须具有遗传效应（指具有复制、转录、翻译、重组突变及调控等功能）。有的DNA片段属间隔区段，没有控制性状的作用，这样的DNA片段就不是基因。控制某种性状的基因有特定的DNA片段，蕴含特定的遗传信息，可以切除，可以拼接到其他生物的DNA上，从而获得某种性状的表达。例如：把牛的胰岛素基因拼接到大肠杆菌的DNA上，大肠杆菌可以生产胰岛素。
人教版高中生物必修2基因指导蛋白质的合成说课稿
六、说教学反思由于本节内容抽象复杂, 插图多, 涉及的物质种类也比较多，应要求学生做好课前预习。教学中，在处理主干知识和侧枝内容的关系时，要做到合理分配时间，明确不同内容的教学要求。教师要注意将知识及时进行归纳、比较和总结。要让学生了解各个知识点间的内在关系，又要能简洁、清晰地概述转录和翻译的过程。教师在备课时，一定要仔细分辨并揣摩插图所表达的意思，并能将不同的插图内容与教学流程有机地结合起来。在对插图的处理上，还应分清主次和轻重。教材在呈现教学内容时，采用图文并茂的方式来揭示转录与翻译的动态过程。因此，教师不仅要利用插图达到形象和直观的教学效果，还应配合教材中的文字描述作深入浅出的讲解，使文字信息与图形信息结合起来，让学生感知到基因的表达是一个多层次的、动态的、相互协调和配合的过程。尽可能利用多媒体课件进行教学。多媒体课件可以形象、生动地反映基因表达的过程，这是纸质教材难以做到的。
人教版高中生物必修2基因对性状的控制说课稿
7．让学生阅读基因控制蛋白质合成的过程（转录,翻译）13分钟 动画演示“转录,翻译”过程两次,让学生有个整体印象。 培养学生自学习惯，突出教学过程中的学生为主体的教学思想。 8．配合动画引导学生根据预习逐段讲解。 注意问题（1）转录,翻译的地点,模板,生成物不同。因为这是一个极其复杂的过程,避免学生在学习过程中相混肴.（2）这个问题的阐明能为后面“密码子”的概念做好铺垫,避免学生搞不清“遗传密码”和“遗传信息”两个概念。 9．打出板书。 通过动画演示,加深学生的理解和掌握,提高学习效率。 10．重播全过程动画,引导学生讲述。7分钟 _x0007_加深认识,完成从量变到质变的飞跃。 11．过渡：就这样，以DNA为模板合成信使RNA，再以信使RNA为模板,以转运RNA为运载工具,使氨基酸在核糖体中按照一定的顺序排列起来,合成了与亲代一样的蛋白质,从而显现出与亲代同样的性状。从而引出“中心法则”。
人教版高中生物必修2现代生物进化理论的主要内容说课稿
什么因素可以阻止种群间基因交流呢？由此可引出隔离的概念。学生初步理解隔离的概念之后，可以安排学生讨论隔离的各种可能的方式，教师归纳出隔离的类型。然后组织学生阅读分析教材中的“资料分析”，组织讨论“资料分析”中提出的几个问题。最后教师应强调，一般情况下，地理隔离是生殖隔离的先决条件，生殖隔离一旦形成，原来属于一个物种的两个种群，就成了两个物种。关于“共同进化与生物多样性的形成”内容的教学，可以学生自学为基础，教师提出一些具有启发性的问题，师生共同归纳总结的方式推进教学过程。使学生理解共同进化的含义，无机环境的变化、无机环境的复杂化和多样化、有性生殖的出现和生态系统结构的复杂化和多样化对生物多样性形成的作用。最后，组织学生讨论生物进化理论在发展。
人教版高中生物必修2孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验说课稿
一、说教材1、教材的地位和作用《孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验（一）》这一课题是高中生物必修2第一章第一节第一部分的内容，是学生学习孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验（二）的基础，也是第二章《减数分裂与受精作用》这节知识的重要基础，又并为后续学习生物变异与生物进化奠基，所以在教材中起到承上启下的作用。因此从这个地位来看，这部分内容不仅是本章的重点，更是整个必修2的重点内容。本节的教学内容是按照孟德尔的探索过程由现象到实质，层层深入地展开的。教材首先介绍了孟德尔的杂交实验方法和观察到的实验现象，接着介绍了孟德尔对实验现象的分析，然后介绍了对分离现象解释的验证，最后归纳总结出分离定律。在教学内容的组织上体现了学科内在逻辑性与学生认识规律的统一。与原教材比较，有了新的突破主要表现在三方面：
人教版高中生物必修2现代生物进化理论的由来说课稿
一,说教材1. 教材的地位和作用本章课程的核心是介绍现代生物进化理论.生物进化理论的发展和其他科学理论的发展一样,不是简单的新理论对旧理论的否定和排斥,而是新理论对旧理论的修正,深入和扩展.从拉马克的进化学说到达尔文的自然选择学说,以及现代进化理论的由来,大体都走过了这样的轨迹.这些应该成为处理本节教学内容的基本脉络.本节内容包括:拉马克的进化学说,达尔文的自然选择学说和达尔文以后生物进化理论的发展,其中重点是达尔文的自然选择学说.生物进化论不仅是生物学中具有重要地位的基础理论,也是对人们的自然观和世界观有着重要影响的理论.学生通过本章内容的学习,不仅可以了解生物进化理论在达尔文之后的发展,进一步树立生物进化的观点和辩证唯物主义观点,而且能够通过学习进化理论的发展过程,加深对科学本质的理解和感悟.
人教版高中生物必修2杂交育种与诱变育种说课稿
二、诱变育种1、创设情境，引出课题 出示教具或图片：一穗具有黄粒性状的玉米。问题：怎样利用现有的玉米品种培育出具有黑色性状的玉米新品种呢？2、阅读资料、讨论研究 课前布置兴趣小组同学搜集有关航天诱变育种的资料，并在此基础上进行整理。这样可以培养学生搜集并且整理资料的能力，并体会科学技术与人们生产生活的密切联系。 学生阅读生物兴趣小组课前搜集的有关航天诱变育种问题的资料及教材P100得内容。以小组为单位讨论回答有关诱变育种的有关问题，附：设置的问题：1、 新品种中有没有产生新基因？2、空中诱发基因突变的条件有哪些？3、航天诱变育种有哪些优点？4、地面上有哪些因素可以诱发生物体产生基因突变？5、诱变育种有哪些局限性？如何克服？以航天诱变育种为典型，解决诱变育种过程中遇到的相关问题。让学生学会对已有知识进行应用。3、归纳总结，形成体系 通过以小组为单位的表达和交流，师生共同总结归纳，形成有关诱变育种的知识体系，提升学生对于知识的理解。
新人教版高中英语必修1Unit 2 Travelling Around-Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking教案
【教学目标与核心素养】1. Instruct students to get main facts by listening and motivate them to talk about the topics about how to prepare for the trip and make reservations by listening and ultimately can make travel arrangements and reservations. 2. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual thinking capability. 3. Develop students’ different listening skills to solve different listening comprehensive problems.4. Help students to understand how to use the structures “the present continuous tense (be doing) is used to express future plans.【教学重难点】1. Teach students how to focus on key words, not on single words or grammar.2. Prompt Ss to talk about the related topics, such as how to prepare for the trip and make a travel plan.【教学过程】Step 1: Listening and SpeakingLead inThe teacher is advised to talk with their students about the places that they want to travel most both at home and abroad: boys and girls, if you have a chance to travel around the world, where will you go? After their small talk, the teacher can move on by finishing the following listening task:Before travelling, what do we need to prepare for the trip?
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意：非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教学设计
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角）left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Reading and Thinking教学设计
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Reading for Writing教学设计
1. 这个寓言是一个关于一位国王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用这个故事让读者对于社区的问题负有个人责任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 这个故事十分成功的实现了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教学设计
当孩子们由父母陪同时，他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3．过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (＝If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟，我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (＝Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动，她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (＝Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来，但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时，可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (＝and was followed by two students)．后面跟着两个学生，老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(＝and was accompanied by his mom)．他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Learning about Language教学设计
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys： 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Reading and thinking教学设计
Step 5： After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
