Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时,以及by、before后面接过去的时间时,主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中,条件句表示与过去事实相反,且主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示,我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话,我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会,你就会见到他的。
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
1. 课前观看视频《物理学与人类文明》2. 分组讨论,派代表发言,谈学习感受。主要是物理的地位,物理的学习方法。3. 高中物理与初中物理在内容和方法上的区别高中物理除了现象、概念和规律之外还应该关注研究问题的方法,学会从先想到抽象,从定性到定量研究问题,学会用数学方法解决物理问题,学会实验探究,学会独立分析问题解决问题的思维习惯。4. 高中物理学习的基本要求高中物理学习应该“重视实验,勤于思考”和“经历过程,体验方法”。高中物理学习与初中物理学习虽然有一定区别,但也不是孤立的,要继续坚持初中物理学习中积累的学习方法和体会,重视从正反两个方面加以总结和提炼,做到:(1) 认真阅读,学会自学要学好物理,就要认真阅读课本。阅读课本是要抓住关键词语,弄清语句间的逻辑顺序和因果关系,领会文章段落所表达的物理内容,掌握课本叙述物理问题的表达方法。
八、物理学的基础地位及物理学对人类文明、社会进步的影响。(1) 情景一:磁悬浮实验:找两个空心的圆柱片磁铁,同名磁极相对,穿在同一根竹筷上,用手压下上面的磁铁,松手观察它的运动情况。问题1:上面的磁铁为什么会跳起来,为什么会悬浮在下面的磁铁上方?问题2:根据这个实验,你会想到那一种交通工具?总结:人们就是从磁悬浮现象中得到启发,进行磁悬浮列车的研究和制造的,这说明物理学在推动社会进步、人类文明方面起到推动作用。(2) 情景二:感应起电和火花放电实验:用感应起电机或感应圈产生火花放电,让学生观察现象,闻气味,然后联想生活实例。还可以用一张纸试着挡住放电的弧光,最好能引燃纸张,说明雷击引起火灾的现象。问题1:你看、听到了什么现象?问题2:根据这个实验,你会想到那一种自然现象?问题3:放电发生在什么地方?为什么建筑物上方都有尖尖的设置,是干什么用的?问题4:你闻到什么气味了吗?
(四)、学唱歌曲,升华体验我先进行范唱,让学生寻找最能体现少先队员“不怕困难,奋发向上”精神的句段,反复学唱。然后,我弹奏钢琴,学生跟着琴声演唱歌曲。之后我引导学生听辨歌谱中“不怕困难???”这一句中的休止符唱法,感受这个干脆利落的音乐符号所表现出队员的坚定信心,英勇果断,不畏一切艰难险阻的品质。学生轻松地学会了歌曲第一段,并较好地突破了感受乐曲情绪的教学难点。(五)、了解历史,内化情感这一环节采用了互动交流的方式让学生观看儿童电影《英雄小八路》的精彩片段,了解《中国少年先锋队队歌》的历史背景,激发自己是一名光荣的少先队员的自豪感。在《中国少年先锋队队歌》音乐声中,学生自豪地踏着坚定有力的步伐离开教室,结束本课的教学。
2)、配乐朗诵,整体感知。要进一步了解国歌就要学习国歌的歌词,因此我以管弦乐《中国人民共和国国歌》为背景音乐有节奏地带领学生有感情地朗读歌词,让学生小组讨论探讨国歌表达的内容,加深学生对国歌的了解,让学生明白国歌的重要意义,加深学生的情感体验。3)、听赏齐唱歌曲《中华人民共和国国歌》。聆听是一切音乐实践活动赖以进行的基础,因此我让学生听赏齐唱歌曲《中华人民共和国国歌》,提出聆听要求:歌曲可以分为几部分?每部分可以划分为几个乐句?说一说为什么要这样划分。分组讨论,再小组汇报。通过这部分的聆听学习,小组讨论,发挥了学生的团结合作能力和学习的主动性,把歌曲划分为两部分,第一部分是引子,第二部分由四个乐句组成。
接着引导学生进一步思考截面可不可以是特殊的三角形:等腰三角形和等边三角形。教师用课件演示切截过程,展示切截位置的变化引起截面形状的变化,图形特殊化。使学生的思考经历由一般到特殊的过程。2.截面是其他形状学生先猜想正方体的截面还有可能是什么形状,再利用实验操作型课件对正方体进行无限次的切截,让学生在无限次切截的过程中体会截面产生和变化的整个过程,发现截面产生和变化的规律。学生从切截活动中发现猜想时没有想到的截面图形,体会到探索的乐趣。教师再引导学生归纳正方体截面边数的规律。学生的认知得到升华。接着引导学生归纳截面形状中的特殊四边形。二.圆柱体和圆锥体的截面学生先猜想圆柱体的截面可能是什么形状,教师利用实验操作型课件对圆柱体进行无限次的切截,学生观察截面形状。
说明:此处进行的是一次尝试应用乘方运算来解决开头的问题,互相呼应,以体现整节课的完整性,把学生开始的兴趣再次引向高潮。趣味探索:一张薄薄的纸对折56次后有多厚?试验一下你能折这么厚吗?说明:这个探索实际上仍是对学生应用能力的一个检查,纸对折56次,用什么运算来计算比较方便,另外计算过程中可使用计算器,进一步加深对乘方意义的理解(五)作业P56页1、2说明:这两个习题是对课本上例题的简单重复和模仿,通过本节课的学习,多数学生应该可以较轻松地完成。总之,在整个教学设计中,我始终以学生为课堂主体,让他们积极参与到教学中来,不断从旧知识中获得新的认识,通过不断进行联系比较,让学生主动自觉地去思考、探索、总结直至发现结果、发现"方法",进而优化了整个教学。
将一个圆分成三个大小相同的扇形,你能计算出它们的圆心角的度数吗?你知道每个扇形的面积和整个圆的面积的关系吗?与同伴交流设计意图:通过引导学生根据圆心角与圆心角的比例确定扇形面积与整圆的面积关系为后面学习扇形面积公式做铺垫,体现知识的延续性。(六)、巩固练习.如图,把一圆分成三个扇形,你能求出这三个扇形的圆心角吗?若圆的半径为2,你能求出各部分的面积吗?(七)、课堂小结学完这节课你有哪些收获?设计意图:通过小节让学生对所学知识进行梳理,使所学知识能合理地纳入自身的知识结构。(八) 布置作业:中等学生:P125. 1优等生: P125. 2,3我针对学生素质的差异设计了有层次的训练题,留给学生课后自主探究,这样即使学生掌握基础知识,又使学有余力的学生有所提高,从而达到拔尖和“减负”的目的。
还有其他解法吗?从中让学生体会解一元一次方程就是根据是等式的性质把方程变形成“x=a(a为已知数)”的形式(将未知数的系数化为1),这也是解方程的基本思路。并引导学生回顾检验的方法,鼓励他们养成检验的习惯)5、提出问题:我们观察上面方程的变形过程,从中观察变化的项的规律是什么?多媒体展示上面变形的过程,让学生观察在变形过程中,变化的项的变化规律,引出新知识.师提出问题:1.上述演示中,题目中的哪些项改变了在原方程中的位置?怎样变的?2.改变的项有什么变化?学生活动:分学习小组讨论,各组把讨论的结果上报教师,最好分四组,这样节省时间.师总结学生活动的结果:-2x改变符号后从等号的一边移到另一边。师归纳:像上面那样,把方程中的某项改变符号后,从方程的一边移到另一边的变形叫做移项.这里应注意移项要改变符号.
四、教学过程分析为有序、有效地进行教学,本节课我主要安排了以下教学环节:(一)复习导入主要复习一下三种统计图,为接下来介绍三种统计图的特点及根据实际问题选取适当的统计图做好知识准备。(二)问题探究选取课本上“小华对1992~2002年同学家中有无电视机及近一年来同学在家看电视的情况”的3个调查项目,进而设计3个探究问题从而加深学生对每一种统计图的进一步认识,至此用自己的语言总结出每一种统计图的特点。(三)实践练兵这一环节通过2个实际问题的设计,通过学生对问题的分析、讨论,使学生认识到适当选取统计图有助于帮助人们去更快速、更准确地获取信息。(四)课堂小结总结这一节课所学的重点知识,这部分主要是让学生自己去总结,看看这节课自己有哪些收获。(五)作业布置进一步巩固本节课所学的知识,达到教学效果。以上就是我对这节课的见解,不足之处还望批评和指正。
1.上述演示中,题目中的哪些项改变了在原方程中的位置?怎样变的?2.改变的项有什么变化?学生活动:分学习小组讨论,各组把讨论的结果上报教师,最好分四组,这样节省时间.师总结学生活动的结果:-2x改变符号后从等号的一边移到另一边。师归纳:像上面那样,把方程中的某项改变符号后,从方程的一边移到另一边的变形叫做移项.这里应注意移项要改变符号.(三)理解性质,应用巩固师提出问题:我们可以回过头来,想一想刚解过的方程哪个变化过程可以叫做移项.学生活动:要求学生对课前解方程的变形能说出哪一过程是移项.对比练习: 解方程:(1) X+4=6 (2) 3X=2X+1(3) 3-X=0 (4) 9X=8X-3学生活动:把学生分四组练习此题,一组、二组同学(1)(2)题用等式性质解,(3)(4)题移项变形解;三、四组同学(1)(2)题用移项变形解,(3)(4)题用等式性质解.师提出问题:用哪种方法解方程更简便?解方程的步骤是什么?(答:移项法;移项、化简、检验.)
目的:进一步理解追击问题的实质,与课程引入中的灰太狼追喜羊羊故事呼应,问题得到解决。环节三、运用巩固活动内容:育红学校七年级学生步行郊外旅行,1班的学生组成前队,步行速度为4千米/小时,3班的学生组成后队,步行速度为6千米/小时,1班出发一个小时后,3班才出发。请根据以上的事实提出问题并尝试回答。问题1:3班追上1班用了多长时间 ?问题2:3班追上1班时,他们离学校多远?问题3:………………目的:给学生提供进一步巩固建立方程模型的基本过程和方法的熟悉机会,让学生活学活用,真正让学生学会借线段图分析行程问题的方法,得出其中的等量关系,从而正确地建立方程求解问题,同时还需注意检验方程解的合理性.实际活动效果:由于题目较简单,所以学生分析解答时很有信心,且正确率也比较高,同时也进一步体会到了借助“线段图”分析行程问题的优越性.
一是先用计算器算出下面各题的积,再找一找有什么规律。目的是活跃气氛,激发学生探索数学规律的兴趣,为下面的数学探险作铺垫。二是数学探险。在这个步骤中,我先出示8个1乘8个1,学生用计算器计算的答案肯定不一样,因为学生带来的计算器所能显示的数位不一样,而且这些计算器所能显示的数位都不够用,也就是这道题目计算器不能解决。这时我提问:“你觉得问题出在哪儿?是我们错了,还是计算器错了?你能想办法解决吗?请四人小组讨论一下解决方案。”这样安排的目的是引发矛盾冲突,激发他们解决问题的需要和欲望。在学生找不到更好的解决方法时,引导学生向书本请教,完成课本第101页想想做做的第四题。让学生利用计算器算出前5题的得数,引导学生通过观察、比较、归纳、类比发现这些算式的规律,填写第6个算式,发展学生的合情推理能力,同时也让学生领略了数学的神奇。
一、教材分析(一)教材的地位和作用:本节课是北师大七年级(上)义务教育课程标准实验教材第2章第6节第一课时的内容。它是学生在已经掌握有理数加法、减法、乘法、除法、乘方以后进行学习的。它是建立在有理数的有关概念和各种运算的意义及法则的基础上进行的综合性运算。它是本章的重点之一,是以上各种运算的继续和发展,对学生运算能力和数学学习能力的培养,有着十分重要的意义,同时也是初中数学运算的重要内容之一,是后续学习的基础。(二)教学目标的确立:参照义务教育阶段《数学课程标准》的要求,确定本节课的教学目标如下:1、知识技能目标:(1)掌握有理数的混合运算法则及运算顺序。(2)熟练的进行有理数的混合运算。2、能力目标:培养学生的观察能力和运算能力。3、情感与态度目标:(1)培养学生在计算前认真审题,确定运算顺序,计算中按步骤审慎进行,并养成验算的良好的学习习惯。