三、宗教改革:1、背景:(1)文艺复兴的影响。文艺复兴中,人文主义学者尽管对宗教保持较为温和的态度,但其以人为中心的思想极大地冲击了天主教的精神独裁,天主教的权威日益受到人们的怀疑。(2)天主教会对欧洲尤其是德意志的压榨。中世纪的天主教会对人民进行严密的精神统治,基督教信仰的核心是“原罪”和“灵魂救赎”,即人生下来就有罪,只有信仰上帝,跟随耶稣才能得救。就“灵魂救赎”而言,最初强调的是个人信仰的作用,后来,神学家们又加上了种种繁杂的宗教礼仪,而且必须得到神职人员的帮助,灵魂才能得救。在经济上,天主教会还是最大的封建主,占有大量的土地,并征收什一税,对各国人民大肆搜刮。罗马教廷每年从德意志搜刮的财富达30万古尔登(货币单位),相当于“神圣罗马帝国”皇帝每年税收额的20倍。德意志也成了被教会榨取最严重的地区,素有“教皇的乳牛”之称。
(设计意图:给学生创设了一个愉快轻松的真情空间。这一环节给了学生大胆表达自己的感受,从各自不同的角度来感悟,培养了审美能力,使其积极性、自觉性、主动性得到了充分体现,活跃了课堂气氛,收到事半功倍的效果。至此,课堂推向高潮。最后,再次播放歌曲《小小羊儿要回家》,让孩子们把歌声带出教室,奔向属于他们的天地。五、教学说明各位老师、说话说:教学有法,但无定法,贵在得法。在本课教学设计中,我精心组织开放而有活力的课堂教学,尊重学生独特的情感与创造体验,始终贯穿“学生是学习和发展的主体”这一教育理念。采用多元化的教学手段,融音乐、表演为一体,发挥学生的创造能力,通过唱、听等丰富学生的情感体验,使学生的音乐审美素养得到全面提高,创设一个自由民主,宽松和谐,愉快互动的真情空间。突出学生活动、教师引导、共同探讨、总结求精的教学风格,使艺术课堂焕发勃勃生机。教学研究永无止境,我相信,没有最好,只有更好!
A全曲分几段,你觉得一共有多少句?二段四句(二年级学生才刚开始接触乐理,先用简浅的段,句关系分析音乐,待四年级再介绍曲式结构)B比较13。125和13125老师:哪个更能够表达出儿童昂扬的精神风貌?学生:第一个教师:为什么呢?第一个和第二个的区别在于哪个地方?学生:点引出附点在音乐中起到的作用C比较教师以钢琴演奏抒情风格和进行曲风格的《共产儿童团歌》,哪个版本更激动教师:为什么进行曲风格的比较激动,两个版本的区别在于哪里?学生:快,慢教师:歌曲的风格除了考音符的形式(附点音符)表现以外,还有速度,速度可以该改变歌曲的风格。D换形式演唱以对答的形式演唱歌曲,加深印象(三)拓展最后,老师希望你们能够发挥自己的创意,为这首激动的《共产儿童团歌》加入动作或者是选择任意的乐器来配乐伴奏。
骑自行车的交通安全 我国是自行车大国,许多年满12周岁的同学都骑自行车上学,骑自行车应注意哪些问题呢?下面请听一名同学朗诵《安全骑车歌》。 安全骑车歌 同学们骑自行车,听我唱段安全歌。 车铃好使闸要灵,有了情况车能停。 上街注意看信号,千万不要冒险行。 信号就是指挥员,骑车第一讲安全。 看见红灯快刹闸,该等多久等多久。 绿灯亮了才能行,安全通行不争抢。 十字路口人车多,左右观察听八方。 骑车带人危险大,攀扶车辆更可怕。 中速骑车靠右侧,分道行驶路畅通。 骑车拐弯要示意,不能猛拐一溜风。 手拉手儿把肩摸,十有八、九要撞车。 双手离把更不行,撞上汽车命归西。 骑车不走一条线,东摇西摆像醉汉。 不定哪天出事故,头破血流住医院。 驮载东西别超宽,超高超长也危险。 骑车让让讲安全,事情虽小不平凡。
2、增强规则意识:根据指示箭头有序活动,不随便插队。3、敢于挑战困难,勇敢坚强。4、感受运动的快乐,愉悦身心。(一)平衡区——过鳄鱼桥活动目标:1、在梯子、轮胎、摇板等组合器械上行走,提高平衡能力。2、克服困难,勇敢前进。
2、 在故事和儿歌的帮助下,理解蜘蛛网的基本构造。 3、 体验帮助他人的快乐。 活动准备: 课件(蜘蛛、蜘蛛先生造房子的幻灯片、蜘蛛网)、幼儿绘画纸(上有蜘蛛),蜡笔 活动过程: 一、故事导入,引发兴趣。 1、 课件出示蜘蛛,让幼儿观察认识蜘蛛。 2、 结合课件,教师讲述故事《蜘蛛先生造房子》。 问:蜘蛛先生在找什么? 蜘蛛先生是用什么造房子的? 蜘蛛先生的房子是怎样的? 3、出示相应的蜘蛛网让幼儿观察蜘蛛网的构造。
一、 生成背景 秋天到了,老师带着孩子们在幼儿园里散步,有的说“小草变成黄色了”,“秋天到了,树叶也变黄了。”“老师,老师。我还看到过红色的树叶”。孩子们高兴地在幼儿园里找着还有什么颜色的树,回去后,我们和孩子们一起制作了手掌树,有的绿,有的黄,有的红……一棵五颜六色的树生长在我们班活动室里。我们继续和孩子们在生活中发现哪里有颜色,找一找,说一说,画一画,由此生成了“彩色世界”的主题。 二、 课程目标与网络图 目标: 1、探索周围事物的颜色。 2、学习观察生活中物品的颜色,形成相应的颜色概念。 3、尝试运用多种形式感受颜色。 4、体验色彩表化的奇妙。 5、参与色彩游戏,并体验游戏的乐趣。
活动目标: 1、幼儿敢于尝试,且愿意与同伴交流感受。2、幼儿会用自己的方式来表达不同感受及不同表情。3、幼儿尝试运用指画的技能表现各种表情。*活动准备: 1、部分表情的宝宝头像。 2、食物(若干)。 3、纸盘、颜料。 4、镜子。
2、学习使用剪刀、筷子、笔、刀、游戏棒等物品的正确方法。 这节课我共分四方面来进行教学,首先让幼儿观察了解尖利物品,知道名称,了解它的用途。因为幼儿的人数较多,怕在分组活动中出现意外,所以我只准备了一份的物品让幼儿进行观察,课堂的秩序较好。在出示物品时,幼儿都能积极的举手告诉我这些物品的名称,从这里可以看出幼儿对于这些东西是十分的熟悉的;并对它们的用途也是比较了解的,大多数的幼儿一次就把所有物品的用途都说出来了,但是对于他们的共同之处幼儿的回答就不太完整,虽然知道但是不能用一个较好的词语来进行概括,从这里我发现我班幼儿在语言发展方面,词汇还是不够丰富需要加强。幼儿对‘为什么要把尖利物品设计成这样’,不太了解,有的幼儿说 “本来就是这样的”有的说“因为这样好用”……因此,在我讲了以后幼儿就有了一种恍然大捂的神情,感到很高兴,还不时和边上的同伴那进行交流。课堂的气氛一下字就活跃了起来。
2、让幼儿在活动中体验合作的乐趣,培养他们解决问题、克服困难的好品质,激发幼儿的团队精神。活动准备:竹筐20个(边筐高25厘米)、4张圆形大小不一的荷叶、纸皮(荷叶)每人一张活动过程:一、准备活动1、 音乐游戏“小青蛙醒来了”。教师与幼儿随着音乐做各种动作,活动身体。2、 幼儿每人选一张“荷叶”,摆在地上,进行跳进跳出动作练习,(教师提醒幼儿注意起跳时先屈膝,落地要轻)
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
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