
This theme of the part is “ Describe people or things in greater detail”. Students have learned the grammar(restrictive relative clauses) in Book 1, and further review and consolidate its structure “prep+relative pronouns(which/whom)” and the relative adverbs(when, where and why), besides students should understand its form, meaning and functions. In this section, students should be able to express the grammar correctly in daily communication and in the writing. 1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses . 2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn to write sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses .2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn tow rite sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and mark the relative pronouns and the adverbs. 1. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problems, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help.2. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.Step 2 PracticePlease complete these sentences with relative pronouns and relative adverbs and answer the following questions.Questions: 1. What is the head noun ?2. What relative words should be used ?3. What elements do they act in these sentences ?

This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “restrictive relative clauses.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the relative pronouns and relative adverbs. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar, such as the “preposition+ relative pronouns which and whom” and cases where we can omit the relative pronouns. This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning restrictive relative clauses flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.本节语法思考:定语从句在复合句中的作用是什么? 关系词有哪些?定语从句在复合句中的作用相当于形容词,它在句中作定语修饰名词或代词。他们在先行词和定语从句之间起到联系作用,同时在意义上代表先行词并在定语从句中担任一个成分。被定语从句所修饰的词称先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?

The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted

This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:温故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:过去分词作定语时的意义1.及物动词的过去分词作定语,在语态上表示被动;在时间上,常表示动作已经发生或完成,有时也不表示时间性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我们的老师看着我们做实验,最后给了我们一个满意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.会上提出的计划将很快被执行。2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语,它不表示被动意义,只强调动作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.

4. When he got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.P·P as adverbial: _________________________________________________________________.Function: _______________________________________________________________________.Step 5 Solid Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.Well known as a successful band, the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities. They never ever give up. When _____________(question) by the media, they are not _____________(discourage) and practise even harder. They are improving themselves by attending several master training class. They are united. _____________(fill with) team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory. Step 6 Difference and similarity from -ingObserve the following examples.1. He went out, shutting the door behind him.=He went out, ________________________________________________________.2. Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.=__________________________________________, he went to his parents for help.Similarity: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Difference : _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Step Practice1. ________ in a hurry, this article was not so good. 因为写得匆忙, 这篇文章不是很好。2. ________ carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before. 他仔细读书时, 发现了一些从前不知道的东西。3. ________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及他为什么要这么做时, 班长说这是他的职责

choir memberspeople to run food stands people to sell festival ticketspeople to sell music CDspeople to set up equipmentmusical performersStep 2: Listen to the announcement again and answer the questions. ? 1. What kind of songs will Grace Davis sing at the festival?? 2. Who can try out as a performer?? 3. What can those who think they do not have musical talent do?? 4. How can students volunteer to take part?? Talking about preferences:? Would you prefer doing ..?? What would you prefer to do?? Would you rather do .... or ….?? What would you rather do?? I'd prefer .... to ..? I'd rather have ... than .. Step 3: Speaking ProjectWork in groups. Role-play the conversation or make a new one.? Debbie: Where have you been? You missed the announcement about the music festival.? John: I was at the doctor's office. Music festival?? Frank: Yes, it's going to be next month on the school sports field. John, you can play the piano. How about playing it at the festival?? John: Well, I'd rather play the violin. I can play Liang Zhu.? Frank: Wow! Sounds good. What about you, Debbie? ? Debbie: Actually, I don't have much musical ability. I'd prefer just to help out with the crowds.? Frank: You can sell tickets or work at a food stand.? John: So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money?? Debbie: Yes. All of the money will go to charity.

(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我们已经聆听了许多精彩的发言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因为我们希望全世界各国团结起来去应对……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我们不采取行动……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意对于……表达的担心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 让我们告诉全世界,通过一起努力我们可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是时候我们……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感谢你们和我共度这一天。实践演练:假如你是高中生李华,你校将举办一次以“音乐”为主题的演讲比赛,请你按照主题,写下你的演讲稿。注意:词数100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!

【引入新课】同学们在河边玩耍的时候不知注意到如图中所展示的场面没有?(注意到了)那么同学们知道图中A、B、C它们的名称分别是什么吗?(不知道)它们的名称简单的讲可以统称为河流地貌。至于它们的具体名称和形成原理就是我们今天要讨论的问题。一、河流地貌【介绍】河流地貌是自然界中最常见的地貌之一。按照成因,可以将河流地貌分为侵蚀地貌和堆积地貌,它们的形成和发展主要与外力作用有关。【板书】1、分类: 侵蚀地貌和堆积地貌【过渡】我们首先来看一下河流侵蚀地貌【板书】2、河流侵蚀地貌【介绍】河流在流动过程 中,会破坏并掀起地表的物质,形成侵 蚀地貌。河流侵蚀地貌是由溯源侵蚀、下蚀和侧蚀共同作用形成的。【引导读书】请同学们快速阅读教材P83倒数 第二段,添出以下表格。

知识和技能 ⑴从图片和简易图中,了解气团(冷气团、暖气团)的概念;锋的概念与分类;低压(气旋)、高压(反气旋)、高压脊、低压槽的概念。⑵从气温、气压、湿度、降水、风等几方面分析各种天气系统的形成及其气流特点,并综合出各种天气系统控制下的天气状况过程与方法 ⑴让学生能阅读和简单分析天气图,解释天气变化现象;⑵用案例说明气象灾害发生的原因和危害;⑶结合我国常见的天气系统说明其对人们生产和生活的影响情感、态度与价值观激发学生探究天气的形成和变化的兴趣和动机,培养学生求真、求实的科学态度,提高地理审美情趣教学重点1.锋面系统。(锋面系统:一是要区别冷暖锋的成因,二是要掌握锋面两侧的气压、温度、湿度、风和天气差异)2.低压、高压系统。(要掌握其成因、气压特征、气流特征及其天气特点四个方面。)

科学家预测,就地区而言,位于低纬度的大部分国家,农作物的产量将减少;而位于高纬度的国家,农作物产量有可能增加。由于不少发展中国家位于低纬度地区,因此,气候变化的这种区域差异性,可能会使发展中国家所面临的问题更为严峻。板书:3全球变暖将加剧水资源的不稳定性与供需矛盾。介绍:全球变暖会影响整个水循环过程,可能使蒸发加大,改变区域降水量和降水分布格局,增加降水极端异常事件的发生,导致洪涝、干旱灾害的频次和强度增加,以及地表径流发生变化。随着径流减少,蒸发增强,全球变暖将加剧水资源的不稳定性与供需矛盾。转折:既然全球变暖会引起很多不利影响,那么作为人类应如何面对这一挑战呢?这就是我们要讨论的第三个问题。板书:三、气候变化的适应对策讨论:请大家阅读结合教材P53气候变化的适应对策部分讨论人类应如何面对全球变暖这一问题 呢?

当时,不只发生了太阳风暴,同时还有其它的现象发生,导致灾难巨大。 如果,这些现象单独地发生,结果就会是另外一个样子。正是由于这些因素综合起来,1859年的太阳风暴,才在人类历史上留下了浓墨重彩的一笔。太阳磁暴开始干扰通信日本卫星首个被“击中”日本航天机构29日声明,受强烈的太阳磁暴影响,28日晚,日本“儿玉(Kodama)”通讯卫星信号中断。 据美联社报道,在太阳黑子活动减弱后,“儿玉”通讯卫星恢复正常运转。 美欧研究人员28日发布新闻公告称,太阳当天发生了一次强烈的耀斑爆发,预示着新一轮太阳风暴将在今后一两天内抵达地球,地球上的通信等设施可能会因此受到部分干扰。与这次耀斑爆发相伴,太阳表面还产生了一股强大的日冕物质喷射,方向几乎直冲地球。研究人员说,喷射产生的带电粒子流正以约每小时750万公里的速度奔地球而来,其与地球磁场作用后可能会形成比较强烈的地磁暴,使地球两极出现极光,并可能对卫星运行和通信等造成干扰。

1.改善城市环境:治理河流、控制大气污染物、大力加强绿化建设为改善城市环境,上海市全面展开对大气、河流、噪声等多方面的治理工作。如苏州河的治理、降低城市污染物浓度、加强绿化建设,截止1990年,市区绿化覆盖率达到20.3%。2.改善城市交通、改善居住条件扩宽主干道,修建环城公路,修筑了南浦大桥和扬浦大桥,新修城市高架公路和地铁,改造住宅。3.控制城市规模建立卫星城,开发新区,有效地控制城市中心区的规模。思考:什么时候许多国家采取措施保护和改善城市环境?你认为可以采取哪些措施来保护和改善城市环境?上海市保护和改善城市环境的措施:上海的卫星城有哪些?上海新建了哪个新区?目前浦东新区在上海的地位如何?建立卫星城和开发新区可以起到什么作用?上海市为改善交通条件,做了哪些工作?

二是林下经济初具规模。2023年,省下达我州利用林地发展林下经济面积达到xxx万亩、产值达到xx亿元。前三季度全州累计经营和利用林地发展林下经济面积xxx.xx万亩,产值xx.xx亿元,面积年度目标任务完成率xxx.xx%,产值年度目标任务完成率xx.xx%,预计到年底全州经营和林下经济利用面积、产值均能完成年度目标任务。我州现有国家级林下经济示范基地x个(xx县、xx县、xx县、xx县各x个),林下经济类定制药园xx家。三是森林康养基础提升。截至目前,我州有国家级森林康养试点基地x个,省级森林康养试点基地x个,xx森林康养基地正式被xx省林业产业联合会授牌“省级森林康养基地”。四是花卉产业特色凸显。全州现有花卉种植面积xx.xx万亩,其中观赏花卉种植面积x.xx万亩,现有重点花卉企业有xx家,其中重点企业x家;xx州xx动植物科技开发有限公司获得国家林业重点龙头企业称号,实现了我州国家级林业重点龙头企业零的突破。x月xx日至xx日,第十四届xx省兰花博览会在xx市xx产业博览园盛大开幕,x万多株参展兰花吸引了来自全国各地的“兰迷”们相约盛会,本次博览会共展出x万多株兰花,约xxxx个品种,其中部分保育的新品种首次亮相。

(五)持续强化林产培育。2023年,全州林业总产值目标任务xxx亿元,前三季度完成林业总产值xxx.xx亿元,完成率xx%;全州录入投促系统的林业招商引资到位资金x.xx亿元。一是特色林业稳步发展。2023年,全州特色林业产业基地建设面积任务x.xx万亩,产量任务为x.xx万吨,产值任务为xx.xx亿元。前三季度完成特色林业基地建设面积x.xx万亩,产量x.xx万吨,产值为xx.xx亿元,面积年度目标任务完成率xx.xx%,产量年度目标任务完成率xx.xx%,产值年度目标任务完成率xx.xx%,预计到年度特色林业基地建设面积、产量、产值均能完成年度目标任务。二是林下经济初具规模。2023年,省下达我州利用林地发展林下经济面积达到xxx万亩、产值达到xx亿元。前三季度全州累计经营和利用林地发展林下经济面积xxx.xx万亩,产值xx.xx亿元,面积年度目标任务完成率xxx.xx%,产值年度目标任务完成率xx.xx%,预计到年底全州经营和林下经济利用面积、产值均能完成年度目标任务。

(二)初读课文,整体感知首先教师对作者进行简单介绍,再要求学生速读课文,让学生初步感知课文内容,归纳全文思路,边读边思考PPT上的问题。问题:全文可以分成几部分?此环节意在激发学生的学习主动性,培养学生的自学能力。读毕,我会对学生的自学情况进行检查反馈,鼓励学生踊跃发言,说出自己理解的写作思路,最后教师对学生的答案进行概括和总结,此环节能够让学生对中国建筑的特征整体把握,夯实学习本文的基础,同时感知课文,理清文章脉络,实现长文短教,为析读本文作好铺垫。(三)析读课文,质疑问难此环节是教学的重要阶段,在这里,我会以新课标为基准,做到阅读指向每一个学生的个体阅读,同时在教学过程中遵循启发性,循序渐进性的原则。此环节运用小组合作学习法、讨论法和问答法分析中国建筑的特征。同学每四人为一小组讨论PPT上展示的问题。

第一环节:落实基础,整体感知由于本课含有较多的通假字,词类活用和文言句式,如:“离骚者,犹离忧也”中的“离”通罹难的“罹”,以及注释中并没有出现的“齐与楚从亲”的“从”通“纵”,合纵的意思。 “秦虎狼之地”中的“虎狼”是名词做状语。还有判断句如“屈原者,名平,楚之同姓也。”等。字词是学生读懂文章的基础,教师请数位学生通过逐段朗读结合教师的讲解,既订正了字音,又梳理的文言实、虚词和文言句式,体现了语文是基础性和工具性学科。疏通字词和句子后,教师请学生默读课文,划分层次,提取圈点出关键词。学生边读边思考,教师和学生一起完成本课提纲,教师根据学生答复适时板书。(板书内容见第四)此外,对于文本的第12自然段,出现了屈原和渔父的对话,教师请学生分角色朗读,领会人物的情感,又可以活泼课堂气氛和激发学生的表现欲、求知欲。

首先请同学设想:“如果你是作者,当你准备写一篇以包身工为题材的文章时,会从哪些方面选材?”而“本文又是如何将这些材料组织起来的?”这一环节能够使学生参与到教学过程中来,通过问题能够引导学生关注本文的选材类型和表达方式,区分文中穿插的感性、理性材料,从而理解报告文学兼文学性、议论性于一体的文学特质。然后请同学阅读表现包身工起床情形的场面描写(1-6段),并引导学生分析该段表达效果;再请同学们阅读“芦柴棒”被虐待段(16-20段),并引导同学们比较两个片段在选材上有何区别,进而归纳点面结合的手法的艺术效果。最后请学生找出文中其他运用点面结合手法的段落,并尝试自主分析。这一环节能够引导学生直观地感受本文场面描写的作用,并分析点面结合手法的艺术效果,同时也让学生通过练习探究掌握分析该手法的方法。

三、教学方法为了突出重点,突破难点,完成教学目标,选择行之有效的教学方法是非常关键的。根据课程标准的要求和本节课的特点,为了关注学生的个体差异和不同的学习需求,充分调动学生学习的积极性,培养学生阅读和分析文章的能力,我主要采用以下的教学方法:1、悬念导入法。用悬念导入能激发起学生对文言文阅读的兴趣,充分调动学生学习的主动性。2、根据教师主导作用与学生主动性相结合的原则,选择了以语言传递信息为主的方法,讲授法。四、学法通过初中的学习,学生对古文知识已经有了一定的掌握,但是对这种古代散文比较少见,特别是叙史和议论结合的写法更是陌生。所以学习这篇课文的时候,通过反复地诵读,分析句型,对比句型的意思,达到疏通文意,这样,学生通过朗读理解法、质疑提问法、自主讨论探究法能复述课文,了解文章层次,理解文章主旨含义。

活动一:整体感知,梳理要点新修订《课程标准》指出:重视学生的思维发展与提升,如直觉思维、形象思维、抽象思维等。为此,我设计了“梳理要点、绘制思维导图”两个部分,引导学生在阅读中整体感知文本。1、梳理章节要点,明确内容要素《家族》:以西洋家庭特点为对照,分析中国乡土社会家庭的特点。《男女有别》:主要讨论乡土社会感情定向的问题,偏向同性交往,遏制男女交往。2、展示思维导图,凸显整体关联引导同学制作多种思维导图:流程图式、树状图式、爪形图式活动二:走进文本,深化认知新修订《课程标准》指出:学会语文运用的方法,有效地提高语文能力,并在学习语言文字运用的过程中促进方法、习惯及情感、态度与价值观的综合发展。所以在教学中我引导学生掌握整本书阅读的基本方法,即以速读、跳读的方式地毯式地搜索书中关于“中西家庭差别”的内容,得出乡土家族的六个方面的特点,学生分别结合生活中的现象阐述了这六个方面的特点在生活中的具体体现。
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