一、指导思想 素质教育的发展,其根本目的是培养学生的全面发展,提高学生的创新思维及创造能力。其核心就是创新能力、实际的动手能力和观察能力等科学素质的培养。由于科学课程承担着培养小学生科学素养的重任,科学课程的内容和课程结构都与学生的生活和经验紧密结合,为学生的终身发展提供必备的基础知识、基本技能和良好的情感发展与价值观。科学课程以创新精神和实践能力为核心,重视发展学生搜集处理信息的能力、自主获取新知识的能力、分析解决问题的能力、交流与合作的能力,其地位在整个小学教育中是越来越重要。因而,学好科学这一课程也显得越来越重要。
1、教案检查制度: 为了消除无教案上课现象,年级部每月进行一次教案检查登记,根据教案数量考核课时津贴,根据备课数量和质量考核当月教案得分。平时考核按10分制。根据备课格式的规范性,备课内容、板面及书写综合评分,上等记为9-10分,中等记为5-8分,下等在5分以下,上等人数不得超过30%。教务处或教研室开学和期末要对教师教案进行检查,并评选出本期优秀教案。 2、作业检查制度: 年级部每月对任课教师的作业布置和批改情况作检查登记,并评定当月得分,按10分制记录。作业率在10%以下记1分,作业率在10%至20%记2分依此类推。但批改不认真的要在基本分上酌情扣分,作业率=作文一次按两次统计。体育音乐课允许无作业,此项评分将根据两操一课活动的开展情况,平时的各种活动开展情况和成绩记录、资料收集等项目进行考核,学期末由年级部和教务处考核评分。
在讲述细胞分化的意义时,也可以用实例来解决,工厂的生产车间里不同的工人干着不同的工作,一件产品的产出需要这些工人才能创造出来,一个生物体就像一个车间一样,不同的细胞各司其职,相互合作。工人的分工是主管调解出来的,而不同细胞的出现就是细胞分化的结果,所以说,细胞的分化是生物体发育的基础。在讲到细胞全能性的时候,要多给学生举些关于细胞全能性的例子,如植物组织培养、克隆技术等等,让学生从实际的例子中真正的悟出细胞全能性的含义。此外,还要重视教材中的疑问,适当对题目进行引申,使它的作用更加突出,有利于学生对知识的串联、积累、加工,从而达到举一反三的效果。怎样来解释细胞的全能性呢?这主要以讲授法来解释了,细胞全能性的体现需要在组织或器官离体后才能体现出来,每个细胞都包含着生物体的全套遗传基因,通过基因选择性的表达,使离体的组织或器官通过分裂和分化逐渐发育成完整的植株。
2、传授新知与学生展示(35分钟) 先由老师点出本课的知识点,它包括:(1)经济全球化深入发展:结合课本91-93页理解经济全球化的含义;经济全球化的表现:生产全球化,贸易全球化,资本全球化;跨国公司是实现经济全球化的载体。(跨国公司的含义、目的、作用分别是什么)(2)经济全球化的影响: 经济全球化的实质:以发达资本主义国家为主导的经济全球化;消极影响积极影响;如何应对经济全球化。讲完了知识点,接着回归图片和书本的材料,给学生留下三个问题进行小组讨论:A :谈谈你感受到的经济全球化B :怎样理解经济全球化是一把“双刃剑”C:假如你是一位企业经营者,面对经济全球化趋势,你会怎么做?先完成讨论的小组可举手示意老师给予检查,老师根据需要抽查同学到讲台进行展示讨论的结果,并对表现突出的小组进行当堂奖励。
只有对儒家的价值作出客观、公正、全面的评价,才可能避免陷入文化虚无主义或文化复古主义的误区,合理地、充分地开发利用儒学乃至整个国学的资源为现代社会服务,为促进我国经济发展服务。运用所学知识,谈谈对待儒学我们应该持有的态度。答案:(1)儒学是我国传统文化中一个非常重要的组成部分。传统文化具有相对稳定性,它的内涵又能够因时而变,因此,我们对待儒学的正确态度应该是“取其精华,去其糟粕,批判继承,古为今用”。(2)面对儒学,我们要辩证地认识它在现实生活中的作用,分辨其中的精华和糟粕。对于其中符合社会发展要求的、积极向上的内容,应该继续保持和发扬,使其为社会主义现代化建设服务;对于其中不符合社会发展要求的、落后的、腐朽的东西,必须“移风易俗”,自觉地加以改造和剔除。(五)作业布置传统文化的作用是什么?如何正确对待传统文化?
(2)世界观,人生观,价值观是人们文化素养的核心和标志。一旦形成就会对人产生深远持久的影响。(但随着生活阅历的变化,人们文化素养的提高,人们的“三观”会发生变化。)总之“潜移默化”指每时每刻,不知不觉;是从文化对人影响的过程来看的。“深远持久”指经年累月,难以抹去;是从文化对人影响的结果上说的。3.课堂总结:首先启动学生思维,教会学生把握知识主线,建构知识体系,先由学生进行总结,然后教师进行必要的补充4、布置作业:布置作业。运用文化对人的影响的知识分析“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”,并且应该如何处理朋友之间的关系。设计这个作业的意图是既让学生灵活运用所学知识,同时又让学生回归生活,如何处理朋友之间的关系。5、板书设计遵循板书设计的实用性、直观性的原则,根据本课的教材特点,我采用结构式板书,这样设计比较直观、系统,以便于学生能够系统把握和理解知识。
(1)文化与经济、政治在经济基础上相互影响。①经济、政治和文化是社会生活的三个基本领域。其中,经济是基础,政治是经济的集中表现,文化是经济和政治的反映。一定的文化由一定的经济、政治所决定,又反作用于一定的政治、经济,给予政治、经济以重大影响。②经济发展是文化发展的基础。但这并不意味着文化的发展始终与经济的发展亦步亦趋。如同不能简单地把精神文明看作是物质文明的派生物和附属品一样,也不能简单地认为文化是经济、政治的派生物和附属品。文化有其自身的传承性和相对的独立性。那种认为只要物质条件好了,精神文化自然而然地就会好起来,物质条件差一点,精神文化就不可能搞好的观点,不符合历史发展的事实,是不正确的。③掀开历史的画卷,文化既有古今和地域之别,又有先进与落后、腐朽之分。不同的文化,对经济、政治的影响不同,对社会发展的作用也不同。不同民族的文化,影响不同民族和国家各具特色的发展道路。
(二)讲授新课:1、讲授重点:文化与经济、政治的关系。我首先带领学生分析课本上的活动探究,了解日常生活中的常见活动,让学生们观看视频材料帮助学生对文化活动、经济活动、政治活动进行辨别和分类。然后让学生们举例说明,综合探究,最后通过集体讨论得出文化与经济政治的关系:经济是基础,政治是经济的集中表现,文化是经济和政治的反映,一定的文化由一定的经济和政治决定,又反作用于政治和经济。这个问题是本课重点。要引导学生循序渐进,集体讨论,得出结论。2、突破难点:(1)文化与经济政治相互交融,在时代发展的进程中。首先播放上海世博会视频,让学生体会文化、经济、政治活动,另外我会引导学生积极举生活中的事例,来说明问题,让学生学会举一反三,充分理解这一知识,让学生明白文化与经济、政治的联系,让学生清楚文化渗透的力量有多大,帮助学生树立反对文化霸权主义的意识。
(二)引入内容1、播放幻灯片,从名言引出思考,什么是文化,如何理解文化?学生探究,既可质疑,也可谈自己对文化的理解2、幻灯片,以三组幻灯,分三个阶段,学生分别通过小组讨论的形式,归纳总结文化现象的三个特征3、根据对文化现象的认识,归纳总结文化的内涵及外延小活动:把不是文化的山、水、树,由几组同学画出来,体会文化的含义4、一组判断题,哪些是文化的,哪些不是5、理解文化的特点首先,根据前面,总结文化现象的特征,归纳出文化的普通性及特殊性其次,播放视频,归纳总结文化是人类特有的现象第三,根据教材材料,小组探究总结,文化是后天习得的第四,借助小活动的材料,归纳,文化需要一定的物质载体6、文化的作用首先、观看视频,小组探究总结,文化对于人的影响其次,观看视频,小组探究总结,文化对社会的影响
一、 教材分析1、地位和作用《文化创新的途径》是人教版教材高二政治必修3第二单元第五课第二个框题内容,本课是对全面两课的一个提升,同时对接下来学习第三、四单元的知识具有指导作用。文化创新是一个社会热点,具有很强的思想理论性和探索实践性。在前面两课中,学生基本明确了文化的交流、传播和发展;也明白了文化的继承和发展需要创新。而怎样进行创新是本节课探讨的内容,也是本单元的重点、难点和落脚点。2、教学目标(1)知识与能力目标:①识计文化创新的途径;理解文化创新过程中要认识和处理好两对基本关系:当代文化与传统文化、民族文化和外来文化的关系;②使学生初步具备认识和处理当代文化与传统文化、民族文化与外来文化关系的能力;使学生具备在合作、探究中体验生活、生成认识、构建知识的能力。
3、文化的力量。为了使学生能辨证地分析文化的力量,我设计了两个问题进行探讨:(1)是不是任何文化都能起促进作用?(2)你在听或唱国歌时感受到一种什么样的力量?这样,学生在对比中学会辨证地分析文化的力量——先进的、健康的文化能促进社会发展和个人成长;落后的、腐朽的文化则阻碍社会发展和个人成长。同时还能提高学生的文化赏析能力,从而引导学生装自觉参加健康有益的文化活动,抵制不良文化的影响,投身到社会主义精神文明建设中去。关于课堂练习,我准备了5个针对性比较强的选择题,从而加深巩固本框题的重难点知识。最后,播放歌曲《走进新时代》,展示本课知识结构,指出本框题需重点掌握的问题,结束本课教学。课后作业,我设计了这样一个辨析的题目:文化是人们创造的全部财富的总和,它是人类特有的现象。
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
1. 这个寓言是一个关于一位国王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用这个故事让读者对于社区的问题负有个人责任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 这个故事十分成功的实现了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
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