本篇故事虽短,但记述简洁生动,情趣盎然,人物形象鲜明,哲理深入浅出,是学生了解传统文化,学习浅易文言文,增强文言语感的经典文言小品文。所以本教学设计首先注重落实字词基础;然后用抢答的方式帮助学生理解课文内容;再以人物为核心,细读课文,通过表演的方式,抓住重点实词、虚词,揣摩人物的心理和个性特点,了解文言语言简洁精练的特点,激发学生学习文言文的兴趣。通过质疑探究,走进文本背后,引导学生学习探究文言故事的方法,培养学生独立思考、质疑探究的能力。文学知识笔记体小说笔记体小说指具有小说性质,介于随笔和小说之间的一种文体,是中国古典小说的一种。笔记体小说多以人物趣闻逸事、民间故事传说为题材,具有写人粗疏、叙事简约、篇幅短小,形式灵活、不拘一格的特点。笔记体小说的起源可以追溯到南朝刘义庆的《世说新语》。代表作有清代纪昀的《阅微草堂笔记》等。
【设计意图】本环节既总结了学习的内容,也拓展了文章的主题;引导学生理解长征精神在当今时代的作用、意义,并传承长征精神,接受革命传统教育。四、总结存储1.教师总结。文章在叙述红军翻越老山界的经过中,进行了富有抒情气息的描写,展现了红军伟大的精神力量,也让我们感受到了长征岁月中浪漫的英雄情怀。岁月沧桑,斗转星移,中国已发生翻天覆地的变化,长征精神亦成为中华民族的宝贵精神财富。年轻一代的我们,应坚定信念,弘扬长征精神,为中华民族的伟大复兴而努力,弹奏新征途的“天籁之音”。2.布置作业。(1)课外选读:《大渡河畔英雄多》(杨得志)、《越过夹金山,意外会亲人》(杨成武)。(2)以小组为单位编写一期有关长征精神的手抄报,参加班级展示活动。
素养提升作文中怎样运用“以小见大”的写作手法(1)以小人物见大。这里的“小人物”是指在社会上不出名、没有影响的人。以小人物见大,即以生活中平凡的小人物为叙写对象,通过塑造小人物的形象,揭示其闪光的品质,彰显其伟大的人格,折射出底层人民的光芒,喻人以大道理,动人以大感情,从而起到激励、感化读者的大作用。(2)以小事见大。可以通过叙写生活中极其平常的小事阐述一个大的道理。文化常识典故故事——君子之交“君子之交”语出《庄子·山木》:“且君子之交淡若水,小人之交甘若醴;君子淡以亲,小人甘以绝。”君子之交,意思是贤者之间的交情,平淡如水,不尚虚华。唐贞观年间,薛仁贵尚未得志之前,与妻子住在一个破窑洞中,衣食无着落,全靠王茂生夫妇接济。后来,薛仁贵参军,在跟随唐太宗李世民御驾东征时,立下汗马功劳,被封为“平阳郡公”。一登龙门,身价百倍,前来送礼祝贺的文武大臣络绎不绝,可都被薛仁贵婉言谢绝了。
②癌症患者在治疗过程中,会有很大的身体损耗,而黄鳝有很好的滋补作用,适当吃一点黄鳝,既能够为患者补充营养,也能够提高患者的身体免疫力。 (来源于报纸)经过讨论交流,每一组一名同学自主发言,老师点拨,最后形成小结。看来源 要权威发布,不要道听途说看内容 要事实清晰,不要模糊遗漏看立场 要客观公允,不要情绪煽动看逻辑 要严谨准确,不要简单断言情感判断 理性判断 理性表达(四)活动三,重实践新课标提到,语文课程应引导学生在真实的语言运用情境中,通过自主的语言实践活动,积累经验,把握规律,培养能力。据此,我设计了以下贴近学生生活、可参与性强的活动。多媒体展示案例,仍然是先讨论交流,再自主发言,说出案例有哪些问题。这是某校园论坛上的一则寻物启示。
问题二:上述问题中,甲、乙的平均数、中位数、众数相同,但二者的射击成绩存在差异,那么,如何度量这种差异呢?我们可以利用极差进行度量。根据上述数据计算得:甲的极差=10-4=6 乙的极差=9-5=4极差在一定程度上刻画了数据的离散程度。由极差发现甲的成绩波动范围比乙的大。但由于极差只使用了数据中最大、最小两个值的信息,所含的信息量很少。也就是说,极差度量出的差异误差较大。问题三:你还能想出其他刻画数据离散程度的办法吗?我们知道,如果射击的成绩很稳定,那么大多数的射击成绩离平均成绩不会太远;相反,如果射击的成绩波动幅度很大,那么大多数的射击成绩离平均成绩会比较远。因此,我们可以通过这两组射击成绩与它们的平均成绩的“平均距离”来度量成绩的波动幅度。
(2)平均数受数据中的极端值(2个95)影响较大,使平均数在估计总体时可靠性降低,10天的用水量有8天都在平均值以下。故用中位数来估计每天的用水量更合适。1、样本的数字特征:众数、中位数和平均数;2、用样本频率分布直方图估计样本的众数、中位数、平均数。(1)众数规定为频率分布直方图中最高矩形下端的中点;(2)中位数两边的直方图的面积相等;(3)频率分布直方图中每个小矩形的面积与小矩形底边中点的横坐标之积相加,就是样本数据的估值平均数。学生回顾本节课知识点,教师补充。 让学生掌握本节课知识点,并能够灵活运用。
(一)例题引入篮球联赛中,每场比赛都要分出胜负,每队胜1场得2分,负1场得1分。某队在10场比赛中得到16分,那么这个队胜负场数分别是多少?方法一:(利用之前的知识,学生自己列出并求解)解:设剩X场,则负(10-X)场。方程:2X+(10-X)=16方法二:(老师带领学生一起列出方程组)解:设胜X场,负Y场。根据:胜的场数+负的场数=总场数 胜场积分+负场积分=总积分得到:X+Y=10 2X+Y=16
二、活动目标:1、利用纸棒进行活动,学习跳竹竿游戏,发展弹跳能力。2、体验与同伴合作游戏带来的快乐。3、愿意积极想办法解决活动中遇到的困难。三、活动准备:经验准备:幼儿观看过录像物质准备:人手一根纸棒(长度为1米)。录音机,磁带。四、活动过程:1、开始部分:幼儿随音乐利用纸棒进行队列练习。导语:今天天气真不错,我们骑着马出去玩玩吧!(幼儿随音乐的变化“骑马”变双圆----大圆----小圆---- “坐马车” )反思:活动开始部分设计了随音乐利用纸棒进行队列练习在这一环节中由两队“骑马”变双圆----变小圆----合作组合“坐马车”体现了动静交替的原则,让幼儿初步尝试了与同伴合作的快乐,同时也为下一个环节奠定了基础。2、基本部分:(1)利用纸棒进行“一棒多玩”导语:纸棒可以和我们玩坐马车的游戏,还可以和我们玩什么游戏呢?我们一起来试试,可以自己玩,也可以和小伙伴一起玩。(幼儿四散游戏)队形:两路纵队(见附图)(2)学习“跳竹竿”游戏A、讲解游戏玩法导语:刚才小朋友用纸棒玩了许多游戏,今天老师要和大家用纸棒玩一个新游戏——跳竹竿,这个游戏可以三个或四个小朋友一起玩,其中两个小朋友手拿竹竿面对面跪下,用竹竿同时分合敲击,另一个小朋友在中间看准竹竿的分合跳进或跳出。大家可以自己选择小伙伴一起试一试。队形:梯形队(见附图)(3)幼儿自由组合尝试玩“跳竹竿”游戏队形:四散(4)对幼儿在游戏过程中出现的情况及时进行指导(合作、交往方面)导语:你刚才和谁一起玩的?你们是怎么跳竹竿的?队形:梯形队(见附图)(5)鼓励幼儿创造性地玩“跳竹竿”游戏,师生共同参与。
教 学 过 程教师 行为学生 行为教学 意图时间 *揭示课题 1.2正弦型函数. *创设情境 兴趣导入 与正弦函数图像的做法类似,可以用“五点法”作出正弦型函数的图像.正弦型函数的图像叫做正弦型曲线. 介绍 播放 课件 质疑 了解 观看 课件 思考 学生自然的走向知识点 0 5*巩固知识 典型例题 例3 作出函数在一个周期内的简图. 分析 函数与函数的周期都是,最大值都是2,最小值都是-2. 解 为求出图像上五个关键点的横坐标,分别令,,,,,求出对应的值与函数的值,列表1-1如下: 表 001000200 以表中每组的值为坐标,描出对应五个关键点(,0)、(,2)、(,0)、(,?2)、(,0).用光滑的曲线联结各点,得到函数在一个周期内的图像(如图). 图 引领 讲解 说明 引领 观察 思考 主动 求解 观察 通过 例题 进一 步领 会 注意 观察 学生 是否 理解 知识 点 15
一、定义: ,这一公式表示的定理叫做二项式定理,其中公式右边的多项式叫做的二项展开式;上述二项展开式中各项的系数 叫做二项式系数,第项叫做二项展开式的通项,用表示;叫做二项展开式的通项公式.二、二项展开式的特点与功能1. 二项展开式的特点项数:二项展开式共(二项式的指数+1)项;指数:二项展开式各项的第一字母依次降幂(其幂指数等于相应二项式系数的下标与上标的差),第二字母依次升幂(其幂指数等于二项式系数的上标),并且每一项中两个字母的系数之和均等于二项式的指数;系数:各项的二项式系数下标等于二项式指数;上标等于该项的项数减去1(或等于第二字母的幂指数;2. 二项展开式的功能注意到二项展开式的各项均含有不同的组合数,若赋予a,b不同的取值,则二项式展开式演变成一个组合恒等式.因此,揭示二项式定理的恒等式为组合恒等式的“母函数”,它是解决组合多项式问题的原始依据.又注意到在的二项展开式中,若将各项中组合数以外的因子视为这一组合数的系数,则易见展开式中各组合数的系数依次成等比数列.因此,解决组合数的系数依次成等比数列的求值或证明问题,二项式公式也是不可或缺的理论依据.
重点分析:本节课的重点是离散型随机变量的概率分布,难点是理解离散型随机变量的概念. 离散型随机变量 突破难点的方法: 函数的自变量 随机变量 连续型随机变量 函数可以列表 X123456p 2 4 6 8 10 12
本节内容是复数的三角表示,是复数与三角函数的结合,是对复数的拓展延伸,这样更有利于我们对复数的研究。1.数学抽象:利用复数的三角形式解决实际问题;2.逻辑推理:通过课堂探究逐步培养学生的逻辑思维能力;3.数学建模:掌握复数的三角形式;4.直观想象:利用复数三角形式解决一系列实际问题;5.数学运算:能够正确运用复数三角形式计算复数的乘法、除法;6.数据分析:通过经历提出问题—推导过程—得出结论—例题讲解—练习巩固的过程,让学生认识到数学知识的逻辑性和严密性。复数的三角形式、复数三角形式乘法、除法法则及其几何意义旧知导入:问题一:你还记得复数的几何意义吗?问题二:我们知道,向量也可以由它的大小和方向唯一确定,那么能否借助向量的大小和方向这两个要素来表示复数呢?如何表示?
本节课是在学习了三角函数图象和性质的前提下来学习三角函数模型的简单应用,进一步突出函数来源于生活应用于生活的思想,让学生体验一些具有周期性变化规律的实际问题的数学“建模”思想,从而培养学生的创新精神和实践能力.课程目标1.了解三角函数是描述周期变化现象的重要函数模型,并会用三角函数模型解决一些简单的实际问题.2.实际问题抽象为三角函数模型. 数学学科素养1.逻辑抽象:实际问题抽象为三角函数模型问题;2.数据分析:分析、整理、利用信息,从实际问题中抽取基本的数学关系来建立数学模型; 3.数学运算:实际问题求解; 4.数学建模:体验一些具有周期性变化规律的实际问题的数学建模思想,提高学生的建模、分析问题、数形结合、抽象概括等能力.
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.