-
小学数学人教版六年级下册《第一课比例的意义》教案说课稿
（一）观图激趣、设疑导入 出示课件的第一张幻灯片。师：求比值,完成后,说说求比值的方法,这三个比值是什么关系?18∶12 27∶18 2.4∶1.6生1:用比的前项除以比的后项。生2:这三个比值相等。……【参考答案】 18∶12= 27∶18= 2.4∶1.6= 求比值的方法是用比的前项除以比的后项,这三个比值相等。【设计意图】比和比值是解决比例意义的关键所在,只有唤醒学生已有经验,才能更好地让学生投入到学习比例意义活动中来,为实现教学目标做好铺垫。（二）探究新知师:同学们,每周一的早上我们学校都要举行庄严的升国旗仪式,那么,你们对国旗都有哪些了解呢? 生1:我们的国旗是红色的,上面有五颗黄色的五角星。生2:我们的国旗是长方形的。师:同学们回答得真好,说出了自己对国旗的了解,可以看出同学们对我们国家的热爱,老师希望你们一定要好好学习,为我们的五星红旗增光!五星红旗是庄严而美丽的, 并且它与我们数学也有着密切的联系,这也就是我们今天所要研究的内容——比例。(板书课题:比例的意义)国旗长5米，宽米。国旗长2.4米，宽1.6米。国旗长60厘米，宽40厘米。
小学数学人教版六年级下册《第一课比例尺（1）》教案说课稿
（一）观图激趣、设疑导入 出示课件的第一张幻灯片。1、谈话导入(PPT课件出示脑筋急转弯)。师:同学们,老师这里有一个脑筋急转弯，一起来猜一猜把！生1:因为蚂蚁是在地图上爬过去的。2、揭示课题。师:同学们可真聪明!是的,地图上的距离是按一定的比把实际的距离缩小了画在图纸上的。今天我们就来研究这个问题:比例尺。(板书课题)【设计意图】运用学生熟悉的现象导入,给学生带来的是愉快的心情和积极的学习态度,顺其自然进入学习状态,达到导入的目的。（二）探究新知教学比例尺的意义及种类,理解比例尺的含义以及关系式。1、阅读教材第53页关于比例尺的内容。师:阅读教材后,汇报你知道了哪些关于比例尺的知识。生1:通过阅读我知道:一幅图的图上距离和实际距离的比,叫做这幅图的比例尺。图上距离∶实际距离=比例尺。(板书比例尺的意义)=比例尺生2:比例尺是绘图时用的,它是把实际距离按一定的比缩小或扩大,再画在图纸上。生3:教材介绍说,地图上的比例尺有1∶100000000,这是数值比例尺,它也可以写成这种形式,也叫数值比例尺。(板书)生4:老师,我看见这样表示比例尺的: 师:这叫线段比例尺。 它表示的是:图上1厘米的距离相当于地面上50 km的实际距离。(板书)生5:我会把上面的线段比例尺改成数值比例尺。图上距离∶实际距离。=1 cm∶50 km=1 cm∶5000000 cm(单位要相同)=1∶5000000(板书过程)生6:比例尺1∶5000000表示图上距离是实际距离的。实际距离是图上距离的5000000倍。
小学数学人教版六年级下册《第一课成正比例的量》教案说课稿
（一）观图激趣、设疑导入 出示课件的第一张幻灯片。师：老师这里有三道题哪位同学会做？1、已知路程和时间，怎样求速度？2、已知总价和数量，怎样求单价？3、已知工作总量和工作时间，怎样求工作效率？生1：速度=路程÷时间。生2：单价=总价÷数量。生3：工作效率=工作总量÷工作时间。师：同学们可真棒！这节课我们就来研究这些数量间的一些规律和特征。你们准备好了吗？生：准备好了！（板书：成正比例的量）【设计意图】引发学生学习的兴趣，唤起学生已有的只是经验，更好地进行新旧知识的结合，也有利于引导学生发现数量关系内在的规律。（二）探究新知(PPT课件出示例1)文具店有一种铅笔,销售的数量与总价的关系如下表。 数量/支12345678…总价/元3.5710.51417.52124.528…观察上表,回答下面的问题。(1)表中有哪两种量?(2)总价是怎样随着数量的变化而变化的?(3)相应的总价与数量的比分别是多少?比值是多少?1.探究数量与总价两个量之间的关系。师:仔细观察这张表格,它为我们提供了哪些数学信息?生:给我们提供了文具店销售彩带的数量是1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8米,总价分别是:3.5, 7,10.5,14,17.5,21,24.5,28元。师:表中有哪两种量?生:有数量和总价两种量。师:总价是怎样随着数量的变化而变化的?生:总价是随数量的增加而增加的。师:相应的总价与数量的比分别是多少?比值是多少?生1:=3.5 =3.5 =3.5 =3.5 =3.5 =3.5 =3.5 =3.5生2：相对应的总价和数量的比的比值是一定的。师:总价与数量的比值表示什么?
《一次函数》复习课说课稿
1、教材的地位和作用本章教材是初中数学八年级第十四章的内容，是初中数学的重要内容之一。一方面，这是在学习了函数概念的基础上，对函数知识的进一步深入和拓展；另一方面，又为学习反比例函数、二次函数等知识奠定了基础，是进一步研究数学应用的工具性内容。鉴于这种认识，我认为，本节课不仅有着广泛的实际应用，而且起着承前启后的作用。 2、学情分析针对即将面临中考的学生来说，在具有了一定知识的基础上，培养他们分析问题和解决问题的能力尤为重要，因此本节课除了让学生进一步熟悉本章知识以外，重在培养学生的能力。从认知状况来说，学生在此之前已经学习了函数的定义，对函数的三种表示法已经有了初步的认识，这为顺利完成本节课的教学任务打下了基础，但对于一次函数的性质的理解和应用，仍然是部分学生所存在的困惑，所以在教学过程中要充分利用一些函数的图象，通过直观教学让学生更加深入的理解一次函数的性质。
部编版小学语文六年级下册第20课《真理诞生于一百个问号之后》优秀教案范文
1、认真读课文，边读边想课文每个自然段都写了什么，给课文划分段落。2、学生交流段落划分，说明分段理由。3、教师对照板书进行小结：这篇课文思路特别明晰，作者开门见山提出自己的观点，明确指出“真理诞生于一百个问号之后”这句话本身就是“真理”，然后概括地指出在千百年来的科学技术发展史上，那些定理、定律、学说都是在发现者、创造者解答了“一百个问号之后”才获得的，由此引出科学发展史上的三个有代表性的确凿事例，之后对三个典型事例作结，强调这三个事例“都是很平常的事情”，却从中发现了真理，最后指出科学发现的“偶然机遇”只能给有准备的人，而不会给任何一个懒汉。
人教版高中语文必修2《我有一个梦想》教案2篇
全班齐读第五段内容。请一位同学分析，接着让这位同学按他分析的读一遍。3、4两自然段的平缓之后，第5段作者的情感再次抬升。为了满足这种情感的张扬，作一口气连用了四个排比句式“现在是……时候”，一方面这是情感发泄的需要，另一方面这种排山倒海的语势也加强了内容的表达，极强地突出了现实为自由、平等而战的重要性。四、学会演讲我们刚才细读了课文，但读和讲是有区别的。所谓演讲，是一门语言艺术，它的主要形式是“讲”，即运用有声语言并追求言辞的表现力和声音的感染力；同时还要辅之以“演”，即运用面部表情、手势动作、身体姿态乃至一切可以理解的态势语言，使讲话“艺术化”起来，从而产生一种非凡的艺术魅力。那么，接下来就假设一下假如你是马丁·路德·金，你会怎样去讲这篇演讲辞。
人教版高中语文《记梁任公先生的一次演讲》教案
十、教学后记：这是我实习中上的第一堂课，由于没有经验，对时间的把握不好，课堂前半部分留给学生思考回答问题的时间太多了，以至于没有完成本课时的教学内容，对《箜篌引》、《桃花扇》、《闻官军收河南河北》内容的补充要留到下节课才能完成。但课堂过程中以讨论和结果发布会的形式非常能调动学生的学习积极性，这节课学生的参与度很高，绝大部分的同学都能积极思考，并敢于回答问题。但是在学生回答问题后，有些答案很好，也是我没有思考到的。但是除了简单的表扬鼓励外，我不善于把学生的思考结果与自己的板书设计结合起来，授课过程中比较拘泥于教案，显得不够灵活。总的来说，这节课的优点是教态自然、大方，声音清晰洪亮，能调动学生学习的积极性，不足在于时间掌握不好，拘泥于教案。
人教版高中语文《我有一个梦想》教案
一、导入新课年纪稍大的中国人应还记得，1968年春，"文革"还正如火如荼之际，毛泽东发表了一篇"五二Ｏ声明"，全国各地为此举行了由上级组织的大规模游行。很多人应还记得，事情同马丁·路德·金被刺杀有关，而这位马丁·路德·金，乃是著名的美国黑人民权运动领袖。事过多年之后，我却发现，不少人居然把这位诺贝尔和平奖得主，同四百多年前那位德国宗教改革领袖马丁·路德相混淆，而对他的主要主张"非暴力抵抗"，更是懵然无知！1956年，在26岁的马丁·路德·金第一次领导黑人市民，抵制蒙哥马利市公共汽车公司的种族隔离制度时，他就举起了"非暴力抵抗"的旗帜。他号召久被歧视的黑人群众说："我们要抵抗，因为自由从来不靠恩赐获得。有权有势的欺压者从不会自动把自由奉献给受压者。……权利和机会，必须通过一些人的牺牲和受难才能得到。"但是，"仇恨产生仇恨，暴力产生暴力……我们要用爱的力量，去对付恨的势力。我们的目标，绝不是击败或羞辱白人，正相反，我们要赢得他们的友谊和理解。"
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 1 Cultural Heritage-Discovering Useful Structure教案一
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “restrictive relative clauses.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the relative pronouns and relative adverbs. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar, such as the “preposition+ relative pronouns which and whom” and cases where we can omit the relative pronouns. This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning restrictive relative clauses flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.本节语法思考：定语从句在复合句中的作用是什么？ 关系词有哪些？定语从句在复合句中的作用相当于形容词，它在句中作定语修饰名词或代词。他们在先行词和定语从句之间起到联系作用，同时在意义上代表先行词并在定语从句中担任一个成分。被定语从句所修饰的词称先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 1 Cultural Heritage-Reading and Thinking教案一
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Discovering Useful Structure教案一
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading and Thinking教案一
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading For Writing教案一
1. 标题首先根据海报的特点、格式写明标题。海报中往往把内容作为大标题。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海报其正文部分的侧重点不同。对于介绍性的海报, 首先要引出话题, 其次列出原因, 最后是总结。对于宣传类的海报, 要写明具体内容, 如: 活动内容, 地点以及参加活动的注意事项, 主持或举办单位等。1. 图片: 要选择引人注目的图片, 与主题要相关, 色彩明亮。话题句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我国的国宝。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上仅现存几千只熊猫。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因为人类的活动, 老虎处于濒危的状态。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生动物面临着灭绝的危险。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施来保护它们。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人们应该提高保护野生动物的意识。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃惊, 目前中国仅有不足1 000只江豚。
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Discovering Useful Structure教案一
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting．(肯定句)他已被挑选出来参加运动会。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat．(否定句)墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教案一
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”； “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Discovering Useful Structure教案一
Step 5 Practice一、完成下列句子。1. Judy and I _______________（把车停下来(park)）in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could ______________________(让我们的车充电（charge)).2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it ___________ that there were no audio guides____________(留下，剩下）.3. We__________________________（发现自己对...很惊讶）the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4. Judy ____________________(眼神专注于） Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5. She ____________________(把这幅画的复制品装箱（box)） to ensure that it was delivered safely.答案：1.had our car parked get our car battery charged 2. announced left 3. found ourselves very surprised 4. had her eyes fixed on 5. had a copy of the painting boxed二、用过去分词对下列句子进行改写。1. Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.2. Carl and his friend stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.4. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.答案：1. Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.2. Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.4. The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Reading and Thinking教案一
Paragraph 3. Jan decided to start an IT club to teach old people how to use computers and the Internet. Paragraph 4. Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Paragraph 5. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. Step 5: Critical thinking:(1)How do you arrange your time spent on study and the Internet? Is it reasonable? I usually surf the Internet using my mobile phone for only an hour after class, and it is reasonable for me.(2)What are your online activities? Are they safe? I chat with my friends, read news and play games. I never give away my private information so I think they are safe.Step 4: summary Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)______(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)_____(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) _________________(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)_____(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)___(she) company. She joined an online group (6)______ she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)_______(benefit). She was so inspired (8)____ she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)___ children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)______(great) improved by the Internet. Step 5 Homework:Review what we have learned and find out the key language points in the text.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Listening＆Speaking＆Talking教案一
This unit is about history and traditions. From the opening page, we can know that this unit will introduce the history and traditions around the world. As Marcus Garvey says “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots”, it is important for students to realize the importance and value of knowing the history and traditions and their further meanings. And this part ( listening and speaking ) is divided into two parts: Part A---share views on historic sites, Part B ---talk about a visit to a historic tourist destination. By talking with a foreigner, the speakers introduce the historic attractions and their cultures. Part A is that William, a British student, who was going to visit the Confucius Temple and a Chinese student, Xiao Kong, who was going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. Part B is a conversation between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel receptionist and Paul, a backpacker about the feelings and experience after visiting the Chinese famous tourist attraction Pingyao.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to talk about historic spots and great person.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to discuss with their peers the related topics.3. Enable students to use the functional items of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Reading For Writing教案一
⑦identity theft 身份盗窃⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 张贴尴尬照片 【话题句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在网上保持安全, 避免在网上的不良经历? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是专家, 但作为一个博主, 我已经学了好几年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或读到一些让你觉得不舒服的东西, 立即离开这个网站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 别告诉别人你的地址或电话号码。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上网并不是无礼的借口, 你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的目标。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 发挑衅帖子的人经常使用几个假名, 这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Reading and Thinking教案一
Features of languages1．Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland．该句是一个复合句。该句主句为：the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK；which resulted in the full name we have today为which引导的定语从句代指前面整句话的内容，we have today为定语从句修饰先行词name。译文：最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离英国，这导致了我们今天有的英国的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。2．Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history．该句是一个复合句。该句主句为：you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people；其中Almost everywhere you go in the UK为让步状语从句； who took over at different times throughout history为定语从句修饰先行词people。译文：几乎无论你走到英国的任何地方，你都会发现历史上有四种不同的人在不同的时期统治过英国。3．The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times．该句是一个复合句。该句主句为：The capital city London is a great place to start; as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times．为原因状语从句；dating all the way back to Roman times为现在分词短语作定语修饰history。
