Once upona time, two brothers lived in a village. They were both famers and grew corn.The elder brother had many children to feed. The younger brother also had a bigfamily to look after. Although the brothers were poor, they lived happily.
Lu Junling, a security guard from Hebei University, became popularon the Internet. As an ordinary (平凡) person, though Lu Junling is more than 50 years old, hememorizes English vocabulary for CET 6 under the street lights every day justto improve himself. When he is free, he also writes novels and sings operas.That’s not all! Painting, music, kongfu, ancient poems, etc. are all hishobbies. So a number of people call him “treasure security guard (宝藏保安)”. Lu Junling said, “If I want to become an artist, I will alwayswork hard for my dream!” Mr. Lu’s words live in many people’s memory.
Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.
By usingthis method, the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods tothe environment. Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane(甲烷)that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2. As well asmaking the earth warmer, eating too much red meat is known to increase the riskof a few illnesses, such as heart trouble.
Everyone knows how similar chimpanzees (黑猩猩)are to humans. So it’s no surprise that their greetings are also close to ours.The most common ways of greeting between chimpanzees are hand touching andhugging. Sometimes they also kiss each other. Some chimpanzees can even learnsimple sign language.
Raden Roro Hendarti, nearly 50 years old, is alibrarian in Muntang village. She started a “trash library”, hoping to makechildren read more as well as make them realize the importance of environmentprotection. Each weekday, Raden puts all kinds of books on the back of herthree-wheeler (三轮车)and rides to Muntang village. There, children line up to exchange plastic cups,bags and other trash for books from Raden’s mobile library. After finishing theexchange, Raden carries back all the trash.
Each ofthem has their own experience- two people with synesthesia may both “feel”music, but they almost never feel the music in the same way. For example, onemay feel the music of the violin lightly brushing his face; the other may feelit on her ankle (脚踝). And one’s experience of synesthesia is alwaysthe same. If they see the number 5 in the color blue, then 5 is blue every timethey see it.
Slowlybut surely, Amy and her grandparents were making progress. Boxes of all sizeswere placed on top of each other throughout the house. Amy’s grandparents hadlived in the house for years and they had collected many things.
Chopsticksoriginated from(起源于) China.Though simple and little, they are agreat invention in the history of humans. There are many legends aboutChopsticks, Da Yu and Chopsticks is one of them.It issaid that during Yao and Shun times, Shun ordered Yu to control the flood. Oneday, Yu took a boat to an island, he was so hungry that he used an earth pot tocook meat. After the meat was well-done in boiled water, he didn’t want towaste time to wait for it to cool, so he took two branches to pick up the meatfrom the soup. After, to save time, he always took small branches to take outfood from the hot pot. For a long time, he was skilled at picking up food withsmall sticks. In this way, the first types of chopsticks were born.
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4、巩固新知,拓展新知(羊羊竞技场)本环节在学生对性质基本熟悉后安排了四组训练题,为避免学生应用性质的粗糙感,以小羊展开竞技表演为背景,让学生在轻松愉快的氛围中层层递进,不断深入,达到强化性质,拓展性质的目的。提高学生的辨别力;进一步增强学生运用性质解决问题的能力;训练学生的逆向思维能力,增强学生应变能力和解题灵活性.5、提炼小结完善结构(羊羊总结会)“通过本节课的学习,你在知识上有哪些收获,你学到了哪些方法?”引导学生自主总结。设计意图:使学生对本节课所学知识的结构有一个清晰的认识,能抓住重点进行课后复习。以及通过对学习过程的反思,掌握学习与研究的方法,学会学习,学会思考。6、课堂检测,发展潜能(大战灰太狼)
活动四:自主学习,尺规作图先阅读,再尝试作图,思考作图道理,小组讨论,“为什么作图过程中必须以大于1/2AB的长为半径画弧?”同桌演示尺规作图。最后折纸验证,使整个学习过程更加严谨。我将用下面这个课件给学生展示作图过程。再次回顾情境,让学生完成情境中的问题。(三)讲练结合,巩固新知第一个题目是直接运用性质解决问题,比较简单,面向全体学生。我还设计了第二个题目,想训练学生审题的能力。(四)课堂小结在学生们共同归纳总结本节课的过程中,让学生获得数学思考上的提高和感受成功的喜悦并进一步系统地完善本节课的知识。(五)当堂检测为了检测学生学习情况,我设计了当堂检测。第一个题目,让学生学会转化的思想来解决问题;第二个题目练习尺规作图。
一、教材分析1.教材的地位与作用本节课是在学生学习了三角形的基本概念后,引入图形的全等。这节课探究对象是生活中的常见全等图形,主要是探究全等图形的概念和特征,通过系列学习活动,引导学生体验数学与生活的密切联系,激发学生学习数学的兴趣,培养良好的学习品质。同时这节课的内容也是下一节学习全等三角以及三角形全等的判定的奠基石,它对知识的联系起到承上启下的作用。2.教学目标依据《课程标准》要求本阶段的学生应初步会运用数学的思维方式去观察、分析现实生活中出现的实际问题,体会数学与生活的密切联系,增进对数学的理解和学好数学的信心。因此我确立本节课的教学目标如下:知识技能目标:通过实例,使学生理解图形全等的概念,掌握全等图形的特征,能在不同的图形中识别出全等的图形过程与方法:通过观察,动手实验,培养学生动手操作能力、观察能力以及合作与交流的能力
练习3、先化简,再求值:2a(a-b)-b(2a-b)+2ab,其中a=2,b=-3.(通过例题和联系将所学知识升华,提升)练习4、动动脑。(让学生进一步感知生活中处处有数学)(四)、畅谈收获、拓展升华1、本节课你学到了什么?依据是什么?整式的乘法存在什么没有解决的问题?(同桌互讲,师生共同小结)2、布置作业:习题1.9知识技能1四、说课小结本堂课我主要采用引导探索法教学,倡导学生自主学习、尝试学习、探究学习、合作交流学习,鼓励学生用所学的知识解决身边的问题,注重教学效果的有效性。学生在合作学习中,可以活跃课堂气氛,消除心理压力,在愉快的环境中学习知识,有效地拓展学生思维,成功地培养学生的观察能力、思维能力、合作探究能力、交流能力和数学学习能力。但由于本人对新课标和新教材的理解不一定十分到位,所以在教材本身内在规律的把握上,会存在一定的偏差;另外,由于对学生的认知规律认识不够,所以教学活动的设计不一定十分有效。所有这些都有待教学实践的检验。
a.第127页随堂练习1第(1)题。b.一个多边形的边都相等,这是一个正多边形吗?c.一个多边形的内角都相等,这是一个正多边形吗?d.所以,一个相等,也都相等的多边形才是。(此检测主要是让学说出多边形和正多边形的定义,因为是在三角形、四边形的基础上,定义是一致的,所以不深究。在教材的处理上,把正多边形放在了前面,两个较为简单的概念放在一起,便于学生理解和掌握。)2.各组展示四边形的内角和的计算方法。3.各组展示五边形的内角和的计算方法。(由各组派代表上台板演,其它组补充,真正让学生动起来)4.各组选择前面最优的方法,口述六边形、七边形的内角和的算法。(以此上,学生可以利用对比的方法,选择作出过三角形的一个顶点的对角线的方法,让学生探索发现规律。)5.据此,你们认为n边形的内角和应该怎样计算。(注意n的条件)五、当堂训练。
1.通过实例体会一元一次不等式组是研究量与量之间关系的重要模型之一。2.了解一元一次不等式组及解集的概念。3.会利用数轴解较简单的一元一次不等式组。4.培养学生分析、解决实际问题的能力。5.通过实际问题的解决,体会数学知识在生活中的应用,激发学生的学习兴趣。能在解决问题过程中勤于思考、乐于探究,体验解决问题策略的多样性,体验数学的价值。四、教学重、难点分析教学重点:1.理解有关不等式组的概念.2.会解由两个一元一次不等式组成的不等式组.教学难点:在数轴上确定解集.五、教学手段分析本节课采用多媒体教学,利用多媒体教学信息容量大、操作简单、形象生动、反馈及时等优点,直观地展示教学内容,这样不但可以提高学习效率和质量,而且容易激发学生学习的兴趣,调动积极性。
一、说教材《分式的加减法》是本册教材第三章《分式》重要内容,是进一步学习分式方程、反比例函数以及其它数学知识的基础,同时也是学习物理、化学等学科不可缺少的工具。与其它数学知识一样,它在实际生活中有着广泛的应用。学习分式的加减法并熟练地进行运算是学好分式运算的关键,为学生综合运用多种运算法则拓宽了空间,有利于学生对双基的掌握,在综合运用多种运算法则的过程中,逐渐形成运算能力。同时本节课的教学难度有所增加,学生通过观察、类比、猜想、尝试等一系列思维活动中,发现规则、理解规则、应用规则。考虑到以上这些因素,确定本节课的目标和重点、难点如下:(一)说教学目标:1.知识与技能目标:理解并掌握异分母分式加减法的法则;经历异分母分式的加减运算和通分的过程,训练学生的分式运算能力,培养学生在学习中转化未知问题为已知问题的能力;进一步通过实例发展学生的符号感。
注意:平行四边形中对边是指无公共点的边,对角是指不相邻的角,邻边是指有公共端点的边,邻角是指有一条公共边的两个角.而三角形对边是指一个角的对边,对角是指一条边的对角.(教学时要结合图形,让学生认识清楚)设计意图:通过观察图片和回顾以前的知识,使学生由感性认识上升到理性认识。通过描述平行四边形的特点和定义,也培养了学生的语言表达能力。同时也渗透了一些由实际问题转化为数学问题的“转化”的数学思想。(三)、引导实验探索新知【探究】平行四边形是一种特殊的四边形,它除具有四边形的性质和两组对边分别平行外,还有什么特殊的性质呢?我们一起来探究一下.动手操作并思考:让学生根据平行四边形的定义画一个一个平行四边形,观察这个四边形,它除具有四边形的性质和两组对边分别平行外以,它的边和角之间有什么关系?度量一下,是不是和你猜想的一致?
设计意图:知识的掌握需要由浅到深,由易到难.我所设计的三个例题难度依次上升,根据由简到难的原则,先让学生学会熟悉选用公式,再进一步到公式的变形应用,巩固知识.特别是第三题特别强调了运用法则的前提:必需要底数相同.为加深学生对法则的理解记忆,形成“学以致用”的思想.同时为了调动学生思考,接下来让学生进入反馈练习阶段,进一步巩固记忆.4、知识反馈,提高反思练习1(1)口答设计意图:根据夸美纽斯的教学巩固性原则,为了培养学生独立解决问题的能力,在例题讲解后,通过让个别同学上黑板演演,其余同学在草稿本上完成练习的方式来掌握学生的学习情况,从而对讲解内容作适当的补充提醒.同时,在活动中引起学生的好奇心和强烈的求知欲,在获得经验和策略的同时,获得良好的情感体验.
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