4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
2.陌生人初次见面打招呼What’s your name?(What’s = What is)Alan./I’m Alan./My name is AlanMiller.(first name,last name = family name)Are you Helen?Yes, I am.Niceto meet you.(这里的Iam 不能缩写)Nice to meetyou, too.What’s his name?His name isJim.Is she Linda?
(二)?过程与方法? 4.?观察生活中的惯性现象,了解力和运动的关系? 5.?通过实验加深对牛顿第一定律的理解? 6.?理解理想实验是科学研究的重要方法? (三)?情感态度与价值观? 7.?通过伽利略和亚里士多德对力和运动关系的不同认识,了解人类认识事物本质的曲折性? 8.?感悟科学是人类进步的不竭动力
有的学者还指出,要坚持集体主义还必须将集体主义的价值精神与社会主义市场经济的要求结合起来,批判地继承计划经济时代倡导的集体主义,合理地对其进行体系结构的调整和内容的更新,形成新的集体主义。与传统的集体主义相比,这种新的集体主义应具有如下两个主要特点。其一,强调集体的出发点是为了维护集体成员的正当个人利益。传统的集体主义具有片面强调集体至上性、绝对性的弊端;新的集体主义必须依据社会主义市场经济的现实要求,将集体应当对个人承担的义务加以科学的阐释。真正的集体应该维护各个集体成员的个人利益,实现组成集体的各个主体的自我价值。这种新型的集体主义是对社会主义市场经济条件下社会关系的真实反映,既与个人主义有本质区别,也不同于传统的集体主义。其二,要体现道德要求的先进性与广泛性的统一。
1.根据课程标准的要求。本单元的主题是“生活智慧与时代精神”,课程标准的要求主要是引导学生“思考日常生活富有哲理的事例,感悟哲学是世界观的学问,能够开启人的智慧”,“解释哲学的基本问题”,“分析实例,说明真正的哲学是时代精神的精华,明确马克思主义哲学在人类认识史上的重要地位”。这些问题,综合起来就是使学生明确哲学与我们生活的关系,认识学习哲学特别是马克思主义哲学对我们人生的作用。因此,探究本问题有助于学生更好地理解本单元的内容,完成本单元的教学目标。2.根据学生的实际需要。学习哲学特别是马克思主义哲学,可以帮助学生树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观,这也是学习哲学的主要目的。但在学生中还不同程度地存在着“哲学与我们的生活很远”、“哲学与我无关”、“哲学对我将来从事自然科学的研究没有什么用处”等认识,这些都影响着学生对哲学学习的态度和哲学作用的发挥。设置本探究问题,有助于帮助学生澄清这些模糊认识。
一、教材分析本框共有两个目题:第一目从实践含义入手,引出实践的三大特征;第二目从实践是认识的来源、是认识发展的动力、是检验认识的真理性的唯一标准、是认识的目的和归宿四个方面论述 了实践是认识的基础。从地位上看,学好本框不仅有利于从总体上把握各课之间的内在联系,而且能深刻理解马克思主义哲学的鲜明特点和本质特征,实现全书的教学目的,在全书中处于重要的地位。二、教学目标1.知识目标:识记实践的含义、实践的构成要素、实践的特点。理解实践具有三个基本特征、实践是认识的基础2.能力目标:培养学生运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力3.情感、态度、价值观目标:通过学习,使学生树立实践第一的观点,从而自觉投入到实践之中去。三、教学重点难点重点:实践是认识的来源难点:实践的基本特征
一、教材分析人教实验版高中思想政治必修4第二单元第六课的第二框题。本框题所在单元的核心问题是如何看待我们周围的世界,该问题也是《生活与哲学》整本书的核心问题之一。而对这一问题的解决,单元中最终是由“在实践中追求和发展真理”来实现的。 本框题是所在单元的归宿,是对物质与意识、实践与认识关系的整体呈现与深华,是如何正确看到我们周围世界问题在世界观上的升华,是单元的最基本的知识目标之一。 二、教学目标(一)知识目标:识记真理的含义;理解真理最基本属性是客观性、真理是有条件的、具体的,认识具有反复性、无限性,在实践中认识、发现、检验、发展真理;分析“追求 真理是一个过程”。(二)能力目标:提高比较分析的能力和明辨是非的能力,培养学生具体问题具体分析的能力及用发展观点看问题的能力。(三)情感、态度与价值观目标:学会在现实生活中正确区分真理和谬误,正确对待人生道路上面临的挫折和困难,树立在实践中不断认识、丰富、发展真理的思想。
不可知论是否认人们认识世界或彻底改造世界的可能性的哲学学说。此概念首先由英国的赫胥黎(1825—1895)于1869年提出,不可知论的思想在古代就已产生,欧洲近代的主要代表是休谟和康德。其本质是把人的感觉看作是主观和客观之间的屏障而不是桥梁,不承认在感觉之外有确实可靠的客观外部世界的存在,不懂得认识过程中本质与现象、有限与无限的辩证关系。对不可知论最有力的驳斥是实践。有时不可知论一词也用以专指针对宗教教义而提出的一种学说,认为上帝是否存在、灵魂是否不朽是不可知的。2.二元论二元论是认为世界有两个本原的哲学学说,与一元论相对立,它把物质和意识绝对对立起来,认为物质和意识是两个各自独立、相互平行发展着的实体,谁也不产生谁,谁也不决定谁,都是世界的本原。它的观点是错误的:它肯定精神不依赖于物质而独立存在,这本身就是唯心主义的观点;它虽然承认物质是独立的本原,但在说明物质和精神的关系时,又把精神说成是唯一具有能动性的力量,必然倒向唯心主义。主要代表人物是法国的笛卡儿和德国的康德。
2.人工智能、信息及其对意识论的深化现代科学的发展,特别是以信息论、控制论、电子计算机科学和脑科学相结合为理论基础的人工智能技术的发展,进一步证明了辩证唯物主义关于物质和意识的相互关系的原理,也给这种现代唯物主义提出了需要深入探索和解释的许多哲学问题。在这些问题之中,人工智能和信息尤为重要。人工智能是相对于人的自然智能而言的。所谓自然智能,是指人所特有的自觉的意识能力,特别是抽象思维能力。由于这种能力是人的一种天赋,所以将其称为人的自然智能。所谓人工智能,则指凭借电子计算机所实现的对人的某些智能的模拟,通过这种思维模拟,使人的某些智能得以再现和放大。自从电子计算机在20世纪中期问世以来,其作用越来越广泛,模拟功能越来越强,更新换代越来越快,对生产和社会生活的影响也越来越大。自50年代中期开始,人工智能便以计算机作为主要的支持手段,逐渐发展成为一门新兴的科学技术。
理想扎根在实践的土壤中理想当然是重要的,但是不能把理想当成幻想或空想,理想必须扎根在实践的土壤中。青年人充满激情,这是非常重要的。古人有句话:“哀莫大于心死”。最大的悲哀就是没有追求,就像一团火焰熄灭了一样,即使到了我这个年纪也不能“哀莫大于心死”。青年人都有很高的激情,这是很好的。但是青年的激情往往不大稳定,过去人们说青年人的热情是“三分钟的热度”。这句话不一定准确,但青年人在这一点上应该有一个正确的认识。记得我大学毕业时,对于走向社会、走向生活充满了幻想,认为生活中的一切都是美好的,是典型的理想主义者,因此,对自己不能正确的估价,好高骛远,只愿做大事,不愿也不注意从小事积累。列宁说过,大事是由小事积累而成的。我当初毕业时,一方面充满了激情,另一方面也确实过高地估计了自己。
教学重点难点:1、哲学与时代的关系(重点)2、马克思主义哲学是科学的世界观和方法论(重点)3、实践的观点在马克思主义哲学中占有重要的地位和作用(重点、难点)4、马克思主义中国化的三大理论成果(重点)教学课时安排:3课时【导入新课】德国人和中国人一同坐火车从德国的法兰克福去巴黎。途中上来一位客人,这位客人将手里端着的鱼缸放在空座上。德国人开始发问:“您能告诉我这鱼的名称吗?它在生物学上属于什么类别?它在科学上的意义又是什么?”中国人则问:“这种鱼是红烧好吃,还是清蒸更好吃一点?”这一故事体现了中西方思维方式的差异,这一差异也折射出中西方哲学上的差异。西方哲学起源于古希腊哲学,表现为对各种现象之后的原因的关注和对确定性的追求,强调理性认知。中国哲学主要是儒家哲学,主要集中在政治伦理方面,表现为对人的关怀和规范,强调感性体验。中西方哲学为何出现这样的差异?哲学与政治、经济有怎样的关系?
【导入新课】2005年10月17日凌晨,5天前从酒泉卫星发射中心起航的“神舟”六号飞船,在平安飞行115个小时32分后重返神州,缓缓降落在内蒙古四子王旗主着陆场的草地上。我国首次真正意义上有人参与的空间飞行试验取得圆满成功。 当费俊龙和聂海胜先后自主出舱,面带胜利的微笑,现场参试人员欢呼雀跃,亿万中华儿女为之自豪,幸福写在每个人的脸上。神六飞行是一次非常完美的飞行任务,又一次让载人航天精神“从地面升到天空,从天空安全返回”。伟大的事业孕育伟大的精神。新一代航天人在攀登科技高峰的伟大征程中,以特有的崇高境界、顽强意志和杰出智慧,铸就了载人航天精神,这就是特别能吃苦、特别能战斗、特别能攻关、特别能奉献的精神。【思考讨论】“伟大的事业孕育伟大的精神”体现怎样的哲学道理?我国为什么要提倡发扬“特别能吃苦、特别能战斗、特别能攻关、特别能奉献”的载人航天精神?(人具有主观能动性)
(三)合作探究 精讲点拨一、发展的普遍性◇课堂探究:(1)从生命产生到人的出现,经历了一个什么样的过程?它说明了什么? (2)你认为人类的体质还会发展吗?◇探究提示:(1)从生命产生到人的出现,经历了从化学进化到生物进化的上升过程,最后产生了人类。人类的出现是自然界的一次巨大飞跃。它说明了自然界是不断变化发展的。(2)会发展。因为人类社会也是一个不断变化发展的过程。怎样理解唯物辩证法讲的发展的普遍性?(1)唯物辩证法所说的发展的普遍性包括三个层次:自然界是发展的、人类社会是发展的、人的认识是发展的。(2)自然界是发展的。自然界总是处在由低级到高级、由简单到复杂的运动过程中。自然界的发展是由物质世界的相互联系引起的。正是由于事物之间的相互作用,才构成了事物的变化和发展。
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