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XX年新学期国旗下讲话稿暨新学期开学典礼发言稿
老师们、同学们：过年好，今天我们全体师生又一次集合在国旗下，这是我们全体师生16年的第一次聚会，它预示着我们新的学习和工作生活的开始。一年之计在于春，一日之计在于晨，希望我们全体xx中学人抓住春天的希望，规划好自己一学期的发展；更希望我们xx中学人珍惜每一个早晨，踏踏实实的过好每一天。相信在我们每一位师生的共同努力下，我们每一天都会与收获，每一周都会有积累，每一月都会有进步，每一学期都会有突破的喜悦。今天，我借用别的校长的发言来作为我今天第一次国旗下的内容，以期与老师们、同学们共勉！他的主题是《不读书、不吃苦，你要青春干嘛》短暂的寒假结束了，新的学期开始了。回忆十来天的假期，你是否有值得回味的事情和经历呢？我想，不同的人肯定有不同的收获和感受。有的同学“收获”的胡吃海睡，做的是“低头追剧”一族，并且生活的节奏全部被打乱——该睡的时候不睡，该起的时候不起，该吃的时候不吃；而有的同学选择了认真完成寒假作业之余适当放松；有的同学选择了放下包袱，在旅途中放松身心，增长见识；也有的同学撇开喧嚣纷扰，选择了一本好书，与伟大的心灵对话，让自己的精神旅行；有的同学会利用丰富的网络资源来强化自己的薄弱学科，实现弯道超越；还有的同学会和自己的良师益友促膝谈心，获取前进的动力，感悟人生的真谛！规划不同，过法不同，寒假对于我们的意义就不同。有的同学可能难以理解，假期有必要这么拼，这么苦，这么累吗？我的回答是大有必要。这就是今天我要告诉大家的，怕吃苦，苦一辈子，不怕苦，苦一阵子。
XX年秋季开学第一周国旗下讲话稿
今天我们在这里举行新学期的第一次国旗下的集会。首先代表学校领导向大家致以亲切的问候和美好的祝愿!祝老师们工作顺利!同学们学习进步!亲爱的同学们，当五星红旗在ji昂的国歌声中冉冉升起，当新学期的铃声清脆地响起，当崭新的课本一页页翻开，你们的心中是不是充满了希望?但是，亲爱的同学们，你做好准备了吗?准备好迎接新学年的学习了吗?如果你还没想好，就让我们一起来谋划一下吧!第一，要开好头，起好步。“凡事开头难”，“良好的开端是成功的一半”，讲的都是开端的重要性。无论老师还是学生，都要重视开学第一天、第一周。那么，怎样重视呢?首先，我们每个人心里要有一个打算、计划，特别是中高年级应该有自主学习的能力，更应该有一个学习计划。这项工作班主任要指导学生做好，把它作为加强学生责任心培养的一个方面。第二，要脚踏实地，一切从基础开始。有这样一个故事，说：从前有个富翁，一天外出，看到一座漂亮的三层楼房，他特别喜爱第三层。回到家，便叫人来建一座像第三层楼一样的房子。有一天，工人正在打地基时，富翁见了连连摇头说：“我要的是第三层，不要下面两层!”
XX年开学第一周国旗下讲话稿例文
尊敬的老师，亲爱的同学们：大家上午好!我是襄阳长春外国语学校(襄阳四中实验中学)八(3)班的王泽宇，今天我国旗下讲话的题目是《谁让我们是学生》。学生!一个多么响亮的名字，却又干着多么累的差事。每天都是学习学习再学习，作业作业照旧作业，真是太苦了!但是，学习又是多么紧张!说小了，它决定着我们一生的运气和前程;放大了，它决定着社会的生长和国度的壮大。梁启超说过“少年强则国强”，而“强”表如今有知识有文化有技能。要想拥有这些，我们必须学习。我们是学生，祖国的来日是否壮大就牢牢地掌握在我们手里!谁让我们是学生，谁让我们是襄阳四中实验中学的学生!祖国的未来、母校的光辉需要我们去创造!所以我们不怕苦，不怕累，靠着勤奋和毅力一直在求学的道路上坚持着。每天早晨，人们还在熟睡，连太阳公公都还在梦乡时，我们已经活跃在塑胶跑道上。响亮的背书声划破天际，整齐的脚步声震动大地，新的一天在我们的欢呼声中开始。
XX年中学九一八事变国旗下讲话稿
九月是个舒爽的季节，在这个季节里，没有夏天的炎热，也没有冬天的寒冷。在这样的令人快乐的季节里，人们可以做着自己喜欢的事情。然而在1931年的九月，你们可知道中国发生了一件多么令人痛苦的事情。你可知道八十二年前的东北三省正在经历一场浩劫，一场磨难。有首歌叫做《松花江上》，他用歌词和旋律记述了这场发生在东北人们身上的灾难：我的家在东北松花江上，那里有森林煤矿，还有那满山遍野的大豆高粱。我的家在东北松花江上，那里有我的同胞，还有那衰老的爹娘。“九.一八”，“九.一八”！从哪个悲惨的候，“九.一八”，“九.一八”！从那个悲惨的时候！脱离了我的家乡，抛弃那无尽的宝藏，流浪！流浪！整日在关内流浪！哪年，哪月，才能够回到我那可爱的故乡？哪年，哪月，才能够收回我那无尽的宝藏？爹娘啊，爹娘啊！什么时候，才能欢聚在一堂？是啊，就是因为九一八，多少人背井离乡，有多少亲人在这场战争中死去。现在就让我们来了解并记住这段惨痛的往事。
3月学雷锋国旗下讲话稿
雷锋，就是这一缕阳光、这一滴水、这一粒粮食、这颗最小的螺丝钉，虽然他的一生短暂，但他的精神长存。以下是小编为大家整理好的3月学雷锋国旗下讲话稿，一起看看吧！篇【1】：3月学雷锋国旗下讲话稿 3月5日是“向雷锋学习纪念日”，同时也是“中国青年志愿者服务日”。一提起雷锋，很多同学都非常熟悉。我们在书里和电视剧里都曾经知道过他的故事。这位普通的中国士兵，在他短短的二十二年的人生岁月中，却为他人、为社会做了无数的好事，为人们送去了无数的温暖和安慰：比如帮车上的列车员拖地、打扫候车室，为丢失车票的妇女买票，给家庭困难的战友家中寄钱等等。雷锋精神的核心就是奉献爱心，为他人服务，为社会服务。有同学要问，我们为什么要学习雷锋精神呢？这是因为，我们的社会是一个大家庭，我们都是其中的一分子，只有大家都来奉献爱心，我们的大家庭才会充满友爱，充满温暖。想一想，为了我们能够在学校安静地读书，有多少人在为我们做着奉献啊。近一点说，有父母在辛勤地养育我们，有爷爷奶奶在关心着我们，有老师在教给我们知识；远一点说，有农民在为我们提供粮食，有工人在为我们生产各种各样的吃、穿、用的东西，还有解放军在保卫着我们的祖国安宁，不让敌人来侵犯我们的美好生活。没有他们，就没有我们今天在学校的安宁的生活。我们和社会的关系是这样密不可分。社会需要我们，我们也需要社会。这就是“人人为我，我为人人”的道理。特别是我们特校的残疾学生，经常得到社会各方面的很多人的关心，给我们送来各种各样的学习、生活用品。作为我们，在社会关爱我们的同时，也要尽自己的能力，努力为他人、为社会奉献爱心，来回报社会的关爱。
初三学生国旗下讲话稿3则
初三学生国旗下讲话——中考，青春永不言败老师们，同学们：早上好，我是来自初三班孙丝。今天我演讲的题目是：中考，青春永不言败“十年磨一剑，只为中考战，志同心相连，我辈必冲天。我们要做到：不做怯懦的退缩，不做无益的彷徨，我们将唤醒所有的潜能，我们将凝聚全部的力量，将拼搏进行到底，将中考进行到底。流年似水，不应该只将泪水镌刻；风雨如磐，不应该只把羽翼淬火；或许曾经迷惘，或许曾经哀伤，然而，没有地狱的锤炼，哪来建造天堂的力量？没有流血的手指，哪能弹出世间的绝唱？我们没有理由，也没有借口，与成功擦身而过。用我们所有的青春、热情和义无反顾的勇气缔造中考的神话。而今的我们，每一次的昂首，都是生命中永远的从容；每一次的微笑，都是擦干泪水后的坚定。我们满怀憧憬！为了不负青春的理想，我们立志：我们将用严谨的态度面对中考，我们将用激昂的斗志迎接中考，我们将用拼搏的精神铸就中考的辉煌。我们要扬起希望的风帆，打造理想的海港。所剩的日子，我们从容不迫，学习的压力，我们从容敢当。我们将做到：勇于拼搏，用不懈争取进步，自强不，用汗水浇灌15天后的辉煌。超越自我，用奋斗放飞希望，永不言弃，用信念实现梦想。初三的莘莘学子们行动起来吧，让我们共同拼搏，实现我们的理想，让青春绽放最美丽的光芒。
第二学期开学安全第一课（国旗下讲话）
第二学期开学安全第一课（国旗下讲话）老师同学们：大家好！今天是新学期的第一天，我们怀着激动的心情，迈着矫健的步伐回到学校，迎接新学期的挑战。今天我将利用一节课的时间围绕“安全”这个话题和大家谈起。因为安全是我们快乐学习与生活的前提，是我们每一个人的心愿。在此，我向全体同学提出以下建议，让我们行动起来，为安全而努力，让安全与我们同行。同学们，生命只有一次、健康不能重来。生命安全就掌握在我们自己手中。安全不仅关系我们个人、更关系到我们身后的家庭、学校、整个社会和整个国家。珍爱生命，增强安全意识，让快乐与幸福伴随我们的童年。今天我与同学们一起交流几个方面的安全问题。一、交通安全1、要遵守交通法规，基本常识有：行人靠右行，不闯红灯，不跨越护栏，横穿公路时要左顾右盼看是否有车辆经过，不脱把骑车，不骑“英雄”车，不跳车，不扒车。2、十二周岁以下的学生不准骑自行车。3、不乘坐黑车，因为黑车是“三无”车，有诸多不安全系数，出了安全问题，费用难以保证，更谈不上赔偿。
关于学习思政大课大学生个人心得体会八篇
面对来势汹汹的疫情，从猝不及防到全力阻击，从各自为战到同舟共济，国人或勇毅驰援，或坚守岗位，或宅家不出，我们各自用自己的方式共同抗击疫情。中华民族在灾难的考验中凝聚起的正气磅礴的民族精神，百折不挠的民族品格，万众一心的民族情怀定格为无数震撼心灵的画面，砥砺国人奋力前行。 每天，我宅居在家，却和世界息息相通：单位群里天天打卡汇报健康，我打卡之后总会看一看群里那些熟悉的名字，心里莫名的有一种别后无恙各自安好的喜悦；学校领导天天上门查询问候，在我登记健康的时候，我们总会微微一笑，似乎放下了千斤重担；亲朋好友不时微信问候，我们的话题不再只是家长里短，还有武汉加油，中国挺住，我们一定赢……生平第一次，我真实地体会到：无数的人们，无穷的远方，都与我有关。
人教版高中地理必修3第一章第二节地理信息技术在区域地理环境研究中的应用教案
(4)假如你是110指挥中心的调度员，描述在接到报警电话到指挥警车前往出事地点的工作程序。点拨：接警→确认出事地点的位置→（在显示各巡警车的地理信息系统中）了解其周围巡警车的位置→分析确定最近（或能最快到达）的巡警车→通知该巡警车。(5)由此例推想，地理信息技术还可以应用于城市管理的哪些部门中?点拨：城市交通组织和管理、商业组织和管理、城市规划、卫生救护、物流等部门，都可利用地理信息技术。【课堂小结】现代地理学中，3S技术学科的发展与应用，日益成为地理学前沿科学研究的重要领域，并成为地理学服务于社会生产的主要途径，现在3S技术已经广泛应用于社会的各个领域。它们三者既有分工又有联系。遥感技术主要用于地理信息数据的获取，全球定位系统主要用于地理信息的空间定位，地理信息系统主要用来对地理信息数据的管理、更新、分析等。
XX-XX学年第一学期期中考试动员国旗下讲话稿
老师们、同学们：早上好！时光飞逝，秋意渐浓，校第四十届运动会刚刚闭幕，期中考试就悄悄来临了。下周一、二、三我们将要进行期中考试了。对于初一的同学们来说，这是你们进入初中的第一场大考。在二中学习了半个学期，学得怎样？这次考试是认清自我、证明自我的绝好机会。而初二的同学们，你们已久经沙场，这次考试将成为你们不断前行过程中的又一个坚实脚印。对于初三的同学们，这场考试的重要性更不必说了，相信你们一定已经卯足了劲为自己的理想而奋斗。总之，对于在场的各位同学，这期中考试需要大家打起十二分精神，认真对待、细致准备，争取理想的成绩。考试的日程安排统一由班主任具体说明，我简单介绍一下考试的科目。初一考试科目：语文、数学、英语、思品、历史、生物、地理；初二考试科目：语文、数学、英语、物理、思品、历史、生物、地理；初三考试科目：语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、思品、历史。
XX学年第一学期期中考试国旗下讲话稿
各位老师、各位同学：大家早上好！非常高兴，我们又相聚在国旗下，相聚在这阳光明媚的秋日早晨。再过2天，期中考试将悄然而至，大家准备好了吗？对于初一、高一年级的同学来说，这次考试是初中、高中阶段的第一次大型测试，将在很大程度上奠定每一位同学初中、高中三年学习的基调。不仅如此，这一次测试，还可以检测同学们对于不同于小学、初中阶段的学习方法的适应程度，并对自己的学习方法作一些改进。对于初二、高二年级的同学来说，这次考试是一种跨越。初二、高二，是初中高中三年的学习中承上启下的一年。从学习的知识上来说，又加深了一个层次。对于初三年级的同学来说，这次考试是一种演习。作为三年中最为紧张的一年，初三的同学们已经没有时间懈怠。这次期中考试，将是初三同学的又一次中考的预演，初三同学所需要做的，就只有拼搏。
(3篇)2024年学校办公室工作总结汇报
生活赋予我们的不仅是忙碌和烦恼，还有成长的触动和顿悟。担任办公室主任一职，让我感受颇多，受益匪浅。由衷地感谢学校领导的信任，感谢大家对我工作的支持，特别是工作出现差错时给予的谅解与关爱。在今后工作中我将虚心接受大家批评和监督，不断进步。了这个永久的目标，办公室的脚步永不停留，我们的奋斗永无止息!让我们以烈火如佘的热情迎接下学期的工作吧。学校办公室工作总结汇报篇三首先非常感谢各位领导和同志们对办公室工作和我个人工作的支持。在本学期，虽然我正式承担其办公室的全面工作，但我在办公室已经整整工作四年了，对办公室的工作应该说很熟悉。我感到非常高兴的是办公室全体人员十分团结，对分配的任何工作都没有怨言，全体领导和老师对办公室的工作能够给与充分的理解。本学期，为了落实学校总体工作目标，全面贯彻学校“严、新、实、快”的工作作风，依托高立意、低起点、严要求的工作策略，稳步树立了有礼有节、不卑不亢的.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教学设计
当孩子们由父母陪同时，他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3．过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (＝If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟，我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (＝Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动，她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (＝Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来，但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时，可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (＝and was followed by two students)．后面跟着两个学生，老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(＝and was accompanied by his mom)．他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Learning about Language教学设计
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys： 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Reading and thinking教学设计
Step 5： After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Using langauge教学设计
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 5 First Aid-Discovering useful structures教学设计
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2．动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing，即“sb./sb.'s＋doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式：①形容词性物主代词＋动词ing②名词所有格＋动词ing③代词宾格＋动词ing④名词＋动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？Excuse me for my not coming on time．很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了，他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 2 Bridging Cultures-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
人教A版高中数学必修二简单随机抽样教学设计
知识探究（一）：普查与抽查像人口普查这样，对每一个调查调查对象都进行调查的方法，称为全面调查（又称普查）。 在一个调查中，我们把调查对象的全体称为总体，组成总体的每一个调查对象称为个体。为了强调调查目的，也可以把调查对象的某些指标的全体作为总体，每一个调查对象的相应指标作为个体。问题二：除了普查，还有其他的调查方法吗？由于人口普查需要花费巨大的财力、物力，因而不宜经常进行。为了及时掌握全国人口变动状况，我国每年还会进行一次人口变动情况的调查，根据抽取的居民情况来推断总体的人口变动情况。像这样，根据一定目的，从总体中抽取一部分个体进行调查，并以此为依据对总体的情况作出估计和判断的方法，称为抽样调查（或称抽查）。我们把从总体中抽取的那部分个体称为样本，样本中包含的个体数称为样本量。
