①坚持依法行政,维护公平正义②严格遵循诉讼程序,加强立法③司法过程和结果都要合法、公正④坚持以事实为根据,以法律为准绳A.②④ B.②③ C.③④ D.①②3.疫情防控期间,某地检察院充分发挥检察职能,与公安机关等部门加强协作, 提前介入涉疫案件侦查,切实保障人民群众合法权益,全力维护疫情期间社会稳 定。由此可见 ( )①人民检察院是我国的法律监督机关②公安机关是我国的审判机关③公平正义需要法治的保障④人民检察院接受政府的领导和约束A.①② B.①③ C.②③ D.②④(二) 非选择题4. 探究与分享:结合所学知识,与同学讨论探究,回答下列问题。案例反思:2017 年 4 月 20 日,最高人民法院、中央电视台联合公布 2016 年推动法治进程十大案件评选结果,聂某被宣判无罪案等十大案件入选。1995 年 3 月,石家庄中院一审判处聂某死刑,同时判处赔偿受害人家属丧葬费等计 2000 元。1995 年 4 月 27 日,聂某被执行死刑。2016 年 12 月 2 日,最高人民法 院第二巡回法庭宣告撤销原审判决,改判聂某无罪。2017 年 3 月,聂某家属获 268.13991 万元国家赔偿。思考:如何才能避免这种错案的发生?
一、谈话导入: 写《童话大王》的大作家*和小朋友曾经有这样一段对话,我请两位同学来读一下: “叔叔,你希望有人敲门吗?” “希望。” “那我去敲门,你会开门吗?” “当然开门。” “我要是晚上敲门呢?” “我讲故事给你听,你讲故事给我听。” “那-----我怎么才能找到你呢?”
1、问题1的设计基于学生已有的一元一次方程的知识,学生独立思考问题,同学会考虑到题中涉及到等量关系,从中抽象出一元一次方程模型;同学可能想不到用方程的方法解决,可以由组长带领进行讨论探究.2、问题2的设计为了引出二元一次方程,但由于同学的知识有限,可能有个别同学会设两个未知数,列出二元一次方程;如果没有生列二元一次方程,教师可引导学生分析题目中有两个未知量,我们可设两个未知数列方程,再次从中抽象出方程模型.根据方程特点让生给方程起名,提高学生学习兴趣.3、定义的归纳,先请同学们观察所列的方程,找出它们的共同点,并用自己的语言描述,组内交流看法;如果学生概括的不完善,请其他同学补充. 交流完善给出定义,教师规范定义.
准备:1.有秒针的大钟。 2.有爷爷的图片,开心与不开心的图片各一幅。 3.《幸福拍手歌》一盘。 4.各种不快乐的小动物的图片人手一张。 过程:一.爷爷不开心,出示第一张图片。 1.“请小朋友看看,这张图片上有谁?他怎么了?” 幼:爷爷很不开心很难过 2.“你是从哪里看出来的?” 幼:爷爷的眉头皱在一起,爷爷的嘴巴不笑!
【活动目标】1、激发幼儿热爱大自然的情感。2、培养幼儿尊重事实的科学态度,提高自主学习的能力。3、通过观察和实验,了解石头的多样性(出处、特性),丰富地理知识。【活动准备】1、教学课件2、实验材料、用书同幼儿人数。【活动重难点】1、幼儿能说出三种石头不一样的现象。2、教师对三种石头产生不同现象后的反复引导。【活动过程】(一)开始部分 幼儿介绍自己带来的石头。(幼儿互相介绍手中的石头,鼓励幼儿自由与同伴交流,说出自己的发现)(二)基本部分1、欣赏石头风景图 大千世界,有各种各样的石头,下面就让我们一起走进美丽的石头风景中吧!2、提问、猜想、记录 (1)提问:在大自然中,石头成为美丽的风景,石头又分为哪几种,每种石头又叫什么? (幼儿讨论)并且介绍石头的正确名称观看课件,了解石头名称。 (2)猜想:①你觉得三种石头能够漂浮在水面的是哪一种?②你觉得三种石头能写字的是哪一种?③你觉得三种石头摸上去最光华的哪一种? (3)纪录: 幼儿把猜想记录在《幼儿用书》的猜想表格中。3、幼儿动手实验,感知石头的特性, (1)把石灰石、鹅卵石和火山石放在手中,感受那个摸起来最光滑。 (2)用石灰石、鹅卵石和火山石在黑卡纸画画,哪个可以画出来。 (3)把石灰石、鹅卵石和火山石放进水中,会发现哪个能浮起来。 (4)把自己发现记录在《幼儿用书》的发现表格中(教师帮助幼儿认读书中相应的正确答案)。
1、变换角度,多向思维(多向思维要求思维能针对问题,从不同角度,用多种方法去思考问题。对于作文而言,就是要使学生学会对同一问题,同一素材,同一题目,同一体裁的不同进行区分。)请学生从这则材料中分析出几个角度,准备课堂交流:19世纪法国著名科幻小说家儒勒?凡尔纳,一生写了104部科幻小说。当初他的第一部科幻小说《气球上的星期五》接连被15家出版社退回。他当时既痛苦又气愤,打算将稿子付之一炬。他妻子夺过书稿,给他以鼓励。于是他尝试着走进第16家出版社。经理赫哲尔阅读后,当即表示同意出版,还与儒勒?凡尔纳签订了为期20年的写作出版合同。这则材料叙述时没有一定的中心,属于开发性材料,分析材料中人物、人物关系、故事的不同侧面,可以从不同角度得出结论:
虚构不等于说假话。它是一种源于生活,但高于生活的艺术真实。我们可以举个例子:我国公认的最权威最真实的史书是——《史记》,那么,大家认为《史记》里有没有虚构呢?有。必修一的《鸿门宴》里就有虚构。大家想:司马迁是哪个朝代的人?西汉汉武帝时。刘邦项羽是哪个朝代的?秦末时期。那司马迁不可能坐时光穿梭机到秦末去参加鸿门宴吧?既然他没不在场,那课文《鸿门宴》里人物的语言、动作、甚至是表情从何而来呢?对,是司马迁根据有限的史料加以补充,想象、虚构出来的。那么,同学们在写作文时,也可以不必拘泥于亲身经历的事情,毕竟生活是平淡的,毕竟大家的生活阅历也有限,有时候,我们发挥想象、虚构一个故事来反映生活的真实,也许更生动、也更典型。所以,近年来高考试卷中都提示考生:作文可以大胆想象,编写故事。按照编故事的方式不同,我们的虚构性作文又可以写哪些类型呢:小说,散文,童话,寓言,科幻,故事新编……
《贫寒是福天道酬勤石智勇从挫折中奋起》也许是自幼的贫寒生活塑造了石智勇内向的性格,即使是胸挂金灿灿的奖牌接受全场观众欢呼,他的表情也是略显羞涩的。小时候吃不饱肚皮的经历让他至今在“最喜欢的东西”一栏还填写着“食物”二字,而“穷人的孩子早当家”的坚韧,却又是促成他今日辉煌的动力。中国举重队副总教练陈文斌赛后说道:“智勇这几年练得很苦,今天终于有了这样的成绩,这是天道酬勤的结果。石智勇的奥运会金牌是中国男举的一次突破,我们非常激动。”在希腊神话里,命运女神总是让英雄历经磨难。石智勇也不例外。四年前的悉尼奥运会前夕,他在一次训练中扭伤脚踝,失去了参赛机会。“当时我伤心极了,不敢看电视直播,我怕参赛的选手成绩太低了。高点我还好一点,自欺欺人一下说,哎呀好高,自己去了也拿不了冠军,要是低了,自己没去,失去冠军机会,心里痛啊。后来结果出来,也不怎么高,心里真难受。”
方法点拨教师:有的同学叙述事实论据时,不突出重点和精华,不注意取舍,水分太多,有许多的叙述描写,有时还有详细的故事情节,文章几乎成了记叙文,使文章的论点无法得到充分的证明,这是写议论文的大忌。那么:议论文中的记叙有哪些特点?同学各抒己见。投影显示:1.议论中的记叙不是单纯的写人记事,记叙文字是为议论服务的,其目的是为作者所阐明的道理提供事实依据。所以,在记叙时要求简洁、概括,舍弃其中的细节,仅仅交代清楚事件或者人物的概貌即可,一般不在各种描写手段上下功夫,只要把能证明观点的那个部分、侧面交代清楚就行了。2.议论文中的记叙性文字不得超过总字数的1/3,否则视为文体不当。能力提升一、教师:了解了议论文中的记叙的特点,接下来我们看看今天的话题:“爱的奉献”,你想从哪个角度立论?有哪些素材?
论证方法之引证法如何用好引证法:1.所引用的名言警句等针对性要强。每句名言都产生于特定的背景,都应用于特定的交际目的,即使谈同一个问题,也有不少名言可供选取。2.要简洁,不宜过多。议论是在发表自己的见解而不是在介绍他人的见解。引用他人的话,目的是为了让读者更加信服自己的话。3.要注意直接引用和间接引用的区别。直接引用务求文字、甚至标点均准确无误;间接引用只须述其大意,但要注意人称的转换。论证方法之喻证法喻证法是用设喻来论证论点的方法。在议论文中,设喻可以使论点更易懂、更风趣、更容易获得读者的认同。喻证法能化抽象为具体、化艰深为浅显、化枯燥为生动。论证方法之喻证法如何用好喻证法:1.以小见大,就近取譬。要精选生活中细小的、人们熟悉的事物做为设喻的喻体。2.喻体不求形似,只求神似。做为喻证的喻体与做为比喻的喻体不同。比喻的喻体是为了强调特征,描绘事物,侧重形似,以形比形;而喻证的喻体是为了阐发观点,以正视听,力求神似,以义取形。
一、语文学习中学生自我评价能力的培养1.营造氛围,培养学生自我评价的意识。学生自我评价能力是教师长期培养的结果,而保护学生自我评价的热情,更是持续自我评价的保证。在我们的实际教育教学中,教师一直处于评价的绝对主体,很少去关注学生自我评价意识和能力的培养,学生常常不理解:为什么要认真听讲?为什么书写要工整、为什么发言要积极?为什么老师、父母对考试分数会有那么高的要求?当前出现的学生许多诸如“离家出走”、“毒杀亲人”等教育、行为、品德方面的问题,我想其中除了家长、教师的评价意识和评价艺术等原因之外,学生的自我评价意识的缺乏是根本的原因。所以我认为,学生自我评价意识的培养刻不容缓。(1)热情鼓励,提供成功的心理体验。在教学过程中,教师要善于发现、肯定学生自我评价的点滴进步,对于他们每一点进步都要真诚热情地鼓励。让学生觉得我这么做,这么想是对的。让学生在教师的鼓励中体会到强烈的爱,感受到自己的进步,增强自己的信心。“心若在,梦就在!”教师的热情鼓励是一种强大的催化剂,促使学生在学习中乐于自我评价。
教学目标:1、了解文学作品解读的个性化及其原因。2、探讨个性化解读遵循的基本原则,合理解读文学作品。教学重点:引导学生关注文学现象,培养他们对文学作品理解的多重思维能力。教学难点:把握个性化的度。避免偏激的理解、过度的张扬所谓个性,严重歪曲文学作品。教学方法:导读、计论、合作探究。教学时间:一课时教学过程:一、创设情境、揭题导入:记得有这样一个故事:一个小孩在四岁就能背《登鹳雀楼》,可平时只有在大人的要求下,他才背出来。直到六岁的某一天,他父母带他去旅游,在他登陆上山顶时,竟然随口背出:“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”来。这说明了什么?……(讨论)文学作品解读的个性化。二、探讨个性化解读的原因1、读者的差异导致解读的个性化A、同一作品,阅读的时间不同,解读不同。如上面的例子。如《从百草园到三味书屋》和《风筝》主题的多元化理解。“温故知新”,名作重读,不但有趣,而且有益。B、同一作品,不同读者,解读不同。
一、教材分析《思想道德修养和科学文化修 养》是人教版高中政治必修一《文化生活》第十课第二框题的教学内容。主要学评析文化修养与思想道德修养的关系,说明青少年应该不断地追求更高的思想道德目标。二、教学目标1、知识目标识记:思想道德修养和科学文化修养的含义。理解:思想道德修养和科学文化修养的内在联系。分析:当代中国青年如何追求更高的思想道德目标。2、能力目标通过对“两个修养”的学习,提高学生比较分析问题的能力。3、情感、态度、价值观目标:通过本课的学习,增强当代中学生自觉提高自身全面素质的能力,不断地追求更高的思想道德目标。三、教学重难点教学重点:理解思想道德修养和科学文化修养的内在联系。教学难点:归纳如何追求更高的思想道德目标。四、学情分析通过上一框题的学习,学生从宏观上把握了国家加强思想道德建设的相关内容,,本课将从微观上即从个人的角度重点学习不断提高思想道德修养和科学文化修养的原因及具体要求。本课内容离学生的距离较近,是学 生比较感兴趣的。
(三)合作探究、精讲点拨。探究一:探究问题:如何看待排名一名高中生在谈到“排名的二重性”时说:“我们既不能盲目地张扬排名,也不能简单地否定排名。作为学生,如果用片面的观点对待排名,排在前面沾沾自喜、骄傲自满,排在后面灰心丧气、一蹶不振,就会停滞不前,甚至倒退;如果通过排名了解自己的学习实力以及同别人的差距,做到知彼知己,扬长避短,就会出现先进更先进、后进赶先进的生动局面。”问题:(1)在排名问题上,人们的看法往往各不相同,这是为什么?(2)为什么我们应看到排名的“二重性”?(3)联系生活中类似的事例,谈谈生活与哲学的关系。教师活动:指导学生阅读以上的材料,并思考所提问题。学生活动:阅读材料,分组讨论问题,发表自己的观点,分析材料中包含的哲学道理。教师点评:(1)在排名问题上,人们的看法不同,主要是因为人们的思维方法不同。
一、教材分析本框题包括什么是哲学的基本问题、为什么思维和存在的关系问题是哲学的基本问题两个目题。第一个问题:什么是哲学的基本问题。其逻辑顺序是:什么是哲学的基本问题→哲学的基本问题所包含的两方面的内容→对哲学的基本问题第一方面内容的不同回答是划分唯物主义和唯心主义的标准→对哲学的基本问题第二方面内容的不同回答是划分可知论和不可知论的标准。第二个问题:为什么思维和存在的关系问题是哲学的基本问题。其 逻辑顺序是:思维和存在的关系问题是人们在现实生活和实践活动中遇到的和无法回避的基本问题→思维和存在的关系问题,是一切哲学都不能回避的、必须回答的问题→思维和存在的关系问题,贯穿于哲学发展的始终,对这个问题的不同回答决定着各种哲学的基本性质和方向,决定着对其它哲学问题的回答。 二、教学目标(一)知识目标(1)识记哲学的基本问题(2)解释哲学的基本问题
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
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