学法指导:高一学生对文言文阅读已具备了一些基础知识和积累,但对如何学习文言文,还是一个新课题,因此教师应引导学生掌握学习方法,运用已有的知识框架同化新信息,建立新的智能,逐步走向独立学习的境界。一、引导学生利用课文注释,使用工具书自己翻译,必要时教师进行点拨、解难,培养自学能力。二、告诉学生翻译文言文要遵循的原则。三、调动学生思考、讨论、交流的积极性,教师适时点拨,培养学生发现问题、解决问题的能力。四、提示学生反复诵读课文,体会文章所阐述的道理。五、鼓励学生及时归纳学习文言文的方法,注意积累文言文知识。教学程序:教学本课可安排2课时。第一课时:1、导入新课:首先给学生介绍毛泽东的七绝诗《为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》:“暮色苍茫看劲松,乱云飞渡仍从容。天生一个仙人洞,无限风光在险峰。”学生通过诵读领会了“无限风光在险峰”一句的含义。随后因势利导,引出课题,指出今天我们要学习的王安石的《游褒禅山记》,就含有类似的深邃哲理。
我以以《登高》为例,引导学生进行意象分析,感悟意境美。古人云“立象以尽意”“古诗之妙,专求意象”意象是诗人情感的载体,是诗歌的灵魂。引导学生张开联想和想象的翅膀去感受,去体验是意象,诗歌鉴赏的关键。科林伍德说“真正艺术的作品,不是看见的,也不是听到的,而是想象中的某种东西。”诗人通过想象创造出诗的形象,我们读者通过想象丰富地再现诗人创造的形象。而感受体验则是以全部身心投入作品,心灵与心灵相沟通,感情与感情相交流,对诗人的想象活动进行再经历和再体验。因此,在引导意象解读中,我先让学生点击这一个,就是通过抓修饰词、依据感情基调、展开想象具体分析本诗中每个意象的情感意蕴和审美意蕴,使学生明白意象在每首诗中的独特性。
本文篇幅较长,并且有一字句不易理解,因而对高一学生来说完全读懂内容有一些困难。这样的话,老师就要做好引导工作,把一些难点,或是出现词类活用比较多,局势比较特殊的句子,老师可以先给学生画出来,存疑,或是与同学们一起讨论解决。对那些不易懂的字词就引导学生联系上下文提供的语境、前后涉及的情节加以推测、判断,以培养学生依据文脉推断词义的好方法。要求学生点出重点实词、框出通假字,主要是为帮助学生积累和掌握一些文言文中常见的一词多义、异读现象、古今异义和通假现象的词语,并进一步得出规律,指导今后的文言文学习。词类活用和特殊句式在文言文翻译中难度较大,也是本文教学的两大难点。要求学生标出有活用现象的字和划出句式特殊的句子,是基于两点考虑:1、积累一定数量的第一手例句;2、引导学生加以分类,找出每类的相同特征,并抽取出来形成规律性的东西,从而上升到理性认识,使学生能由学会一个到会学多个。翻译过程中注重指导学生养成用符号法表示重点字句的好习惯,如点、框、圈、划线等符号应约定一致,便于突出翻译中的重点、难点及复习。我的提示着重归纳了实词“制”“亡”“遗”“利”等,名词活用、形容词活用、使动用法,被动句、状语后置句。
3、重要语句的理解“可是一个人并不是生来要给打败的,你尽可把它消灭掉,可就是打不败他。”解析:这是老人第一次回合之后的内心独白,也是此小说的核心精神,充分体现了老人桑地亚哥的生命理念。整句话可以分为两部分来理解,前句告诉我们,人生活在自然与社会当中,必不可少要面临一些坎坷、磨难,这些磨难、坎坷完全可以造成躯体的消灭、消亡,这是人生命的脆弱性。后句,面对挫折,只要保持一种乐观的精神,拥有一颗坚强的心灵,那么,人类执着奋斗的精神将永不磨灭。4、象征主义题目是《老人与海》,而表明上,小说是写一位老人及其在海上的经历,但实际上,老人的形象极具概括性,他已经超越了一个人的存在,而成为了人生的一种象征。老人桑地亚哥就是“硬汉子”的代表,大海则是生命旅途的象征,鲨鱼则是我们行走中的“强物”,厄运的象征。人的一生不可能一帆风顺,不经历风雨,怎能见彩虹,走在人生路途中,不可避免我们都要遇到挫折,被厄运所阻挠,只有经历与“鲨鱼”的较量,才能成为强者,唱出最美的歌。
(1)“问君西游何时还……使人听此凋朱颜。”诗题下未注明送何人入蜀,所以这里的“问君”无妨假定实有其人,可以读得亲切一些。将行而问“何时还”,已有不可行之意,重音要落在“不可攀”三字上,当用劝说的语气读。以下四句借鸟声渲染旅途中悲凉凄清的氛围,读时要放低声调,有干里孤身之感,至“愁空山”徐徐而上。然后用感喟的语调读主旨句,至“凋朱颜”略作一顿,以示意犹未尽。(2)“连峰去天不盈尺……胡为乎来哉!”仍是说不可行,但内容加深了一层,因为说的是蜀道的险恶。前四句不是纯客观的描写,读时须设想这是旅游者攀援于“连峰”“绝壁”之上置身于“飞湍瀑流”之间,要使听者感到惊心动魄。读后可作稍长停顿,再用“其险也如此”缓缓收住。末句是诗人借用蜀人的口气,对历险而来的游者深表叹息——“胡为乎来哉”不是询问,当用降调读,暗含“何苦而来”之意。
(有的恒星旋转平稳均衡,有些恒星是因快速旋转而变了形。作者以拟人的手法,生动形象地描述,仿佛向我们展示了不同恒星的性情:有的稳重沉静,有的急切躁动。读来生动有趣,妙趣横生。)(3)我们探索宇宙的时候,既要勇于怀疑,又要富于想象。想象经常能够把我们带领到崭新的世界,没有想象,我们就处处碰壁。怀疑可以使我们摆脱幻想,还可以检验我们的推测。(对于未知领域的探索是需要怀疑和想象的,想象是科学的翅膀,敢于想象,并不断地探索验证,所谓“大胆假设,小心求证”怀疑否定旧知,产生新知。作者以简洁的语言阐述了想象和怀疑看似矛盾的两者在宇宙探索中的相辅相成,和谐统一。作者不囿于介绍宇宙知识,还发表自己的见解。)(4)我认为宇宙里很可能到处都充满着生命,只是我们人类尚未发现而已。我们的探索才刚刚开始。
各位评委老师,大家好。我说课的题目是《祝福》。一、说教材(一)教材所处的位置和地位高中语文新课程教材必修五本书,共有2个单元中外小说单元。一个必修3的第一单元,一个是必修5的第一单元,共六篇文章。(《林黛玉进贾府》《祝福》《老人与海》《林教头风雪山神庙》《装在套子里的人》《边城》)《祝福》是属于前者。小说是拥有众多读者的一种文体,它可以多方面刻画人物性格,描摹人物心理,完整地表现人物之间的冲突,还可以具体生动地再现人物生活的环境,因此在反映复杂的社会生活方面具有独特优势。所以学习小说这种文学样式,也是有助于学生学会鉴赏小说的基本方法,为将来的小说阅读打下基础。鲁迅的《祝福》是中国现代小说的精品,当中的人物祥林嫂也是鲁迅小说中与阿Q、孔乙己三个最为出名的人物之一。研读好这篇文章,对将来小说的阅读,小说中人物的理解,甚至小说的写作都有深广意义。
2. let the Ss complete the forms paragraph by paragraph. Purpose here is to help Ss to get the habit of reading a passage as a whole, and pay attention to the organization of the text, as a result the Ss will fully understand the whole passage.3. ask Ss to retell the passage with the help of the key words in the form.Since the Ss in the class are in different levels, so I let them to fill in the blank to understand the meaning of the words and phrases better. ( That’s all for the while-reading. Now let’s move to the fifth step.)Step V: Post-reading (10mins) ---DiscussionIn this part students are asked to discuss in groups and list Wang Kun’s and Wang Wei’s attitudes about the trip. After that, Ss are encouraged to express their attitudes with the whole class. Collect their answers and don’t forget to praise them even if their answers may not be perfect.In this activity, discussion provides a vivid and active learning environment for Ss to communicate in English with newly learned language items. (Finally it comes to the homework.)StepⅥ: Homework (1min)1. Ss are required to read the text again after class and figure out the meaning of some complex sentences.2. Do the exercises on P19; This can help Ss to consolidate what they’ve learnt and make preparation for the next lessonPart4. Blackboard design.(说板书设计)On the top, there is the title of this lesson. On the left, there are main ideas for each paragraph. On the right, there are some new words and expressions.Unit 3 Travel journalJourney down the MekongMain idea of each para.:Para1: deciding to take a great bike trip along the Mekong river.Para2: Different attitudes between Wang kun and Wang wei.
Step 7 Language points 1.Vocabulary (1) go through (2) set down (3) a series of (4) on purpose (5) in order to (6)at dusk (7)entirely (8)face to face 2.Important sentences (1)…I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. (2)There was a time when … (3)I stayed awake on purpose until … (4)It was the first time … that I’d seen the night … (5)It’s no pleasure looking through … Purpose: 1.Master the required vocabulary and sentence structures. 2.Use them freely. Step 8 Consolidation 1.Find out the topic sentences 2.Retell the text according to the topic sentences Purpose: I want to know if my students understand the text. Step 9 Discussion Imagine you have to go into hiding like Anne and her family, what would you miss most? Giveyour reasons. Purpose: Train Ss’ oral English ability. Step 10 Homework Write an article on Friends. Purpose: 1. Improve the Ss’ writing ability. 2 Train the Ss’ ability of self—teaching and looking up information by themselves. Part 5 Blackboard design(说板书设计)Unit 1 Friendship Reading Anne’s Best Friend 1.Main idea of each paragraph: Para. 1 Anne made her diary her best friend. Para .2 Anne wrote her feelings in her diary. Para .3 Anne missed nature. Para.4 Anne saw the night face to face Para.5 Anne wanted to experience nature outdoors. 2.Listening: Exx.1 P3 3.Discussion: Exx.3 P3 Purpose: 1.Make Ss familiar with the passage 2.Make the design inductive, instructive and artistic.
一. 教材分析1. 本单元的中心话题是“计算机(Computers)”,内容涉及计算机的发展历史,计算机的应用等。本节课是该单元的第一课时,我将Warming up, Pre-reading and Comprehending这四部分整合为一节精读课。其中。Reading部分是题为WHO AM I?的文章,以第一人称的拟人手法介绍了计算机发长演变的历史和计算机在各个领域的应用,其主旨是表达计算机的发展变化之快以及在生活中用途之广。而Warming up部分以图片的形式展现了计算机的发展历程;Pre-reading中的问题和排序分别是为了预测语篇的内容和测试学生对计算机历史了解的情况;Comprehending则通过各项练习训练学生的阅读技能,从而加深对文章的理解。可见这几部分是一个有机的整体。2. 教学目标:1) 语言目标:重点词汇及短语:abacus, calculate, calculator, PC, laptop, PDA, robot, analytical, technological, universal, mathematical, artificial, intelligent, network, explore, in common, as a result.重点句子:a. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1963 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and build a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem.
Step 2 Pre-listeningAfter students finish their discussion, I will show a picture of Newton and ask them: Who is him? What is he famous for? Could you find out some words to describe him? Maybe students will answer that he is genius for his finding of theGravitation, making a great contribution to the progress of human being. At that time I will show another two pictures of Einstein and Hawking, letting students guess who they are and write down their idea about the Gravitation. For I have arranged them to search more information about the gravity before this class, Students have beenfamiliar with the topic and will not be afraid about this abstract conception, which is helpful for their listening.Step 3 While-listeningIn this step, students will be required to listen the material for three times. The first and listening is extensive listening and the second and third listening is intensive listening. In the first time, They are required to listen a material including Part 1 and Part 2 and choose the best summary of the listening text. After they choose the right answer, They also need work in group to explain what is wrong with the others. Then I will make a conclusion that we should pay attention to the first paragraph and last paragraph and some keys to get the main idea. By doing this, their capacity of generalization will have a great improvement.Before the second listening, I will ask students to scan the blank on the power point quickly and ask them to note down some key words .Then ask them to listen to the Part 1again and fill the first column of the chart. Maybe some students just show the ideas of these three scientists an still can’t catch their development of gravity. Therefore, I will ask them to listen to Part 2 again and fill in the rest. After finish the listening, I will give them ten minutes to discuss with their partner. I will also guidethem to improve their answers when they discuss with others.
Good afternoon, teachers, It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you.The content of my lesson is Senior English Book 3 Unit 5 Canada —— “The true North”.I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from five parts. Analysis of the teaching material,the teaching methods,the studying methods, the teaching procedure,and Blackboard design.First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Teaching Material:This unit is about the introduction of Canada. By studying of this unit,we’ll enable the students to learn the geography, population, main cities, and natural beauty, natural resources of Canada. Through the training of the unit, it also requires students to learn some Language skills such as the expressions of position and emotions.So it plays an important part in the English teaching in this book.After studying the teaching material and analyzing the rule of children’s growing of mind,I think the teaching aims are the followings:1.Knowledge objects:(1) make the students learn some new words and phrases(2) make the students understand the content of the lesson.2.Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Especially reading and speaking ability.(2) learn to talk about the characters of Canada in English(3)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.3.Emotion objects:(1)Enable students to understand the characters of Canada..(2)Stimulate Ss to work hard to make China stronger.Part 2 Teaching Methods:I think helping students learn to master new words and phrases and improve the students’ reading and speaking ability is import and the difficult.According to the analysis of the teaching material and the import points and the difficult points,I will use the following teaching methods : question-guiding approach; fast-reading and careful reading; multi-media teaching methods; discussion
The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.
在接下来的细读环节,我套用了高考对阅读理解的考查方式设置了5个问题,分别为三个推理判断题,一个细节题和一个主旨大意题。学生需要对文章的内容进行分析、归纳、推理、猜测等高级思维活动才能做出正确的回答。【设计意图】这一过程是对学生进行细读的训练,培养学生获取特定信息和挖掘文章深层次信息的能力。第三环节:Intensive-reading (精读) 15′第三个环节精读,既是最重要的环节,也是突破本课重难点的关键。首先,让学生思考剧本中人物看到百万英镑前后的态度发生了怎样的变化。其次,让学生仔细阅读文章,找出可以表现人物态度变化的具体的语言和动作。最后,让学生总结人物的态度发生变化的根本原因是什么,从而引出Money Talks, 供学生思考。【设计意图】通过一系列的活动培养学生学习从人物的语言和动作探究人物的心理,使学生进一步体会戏剧语言的魅力,从而对文章背后所反映的社会问题进行思考,也为下一步的讨论环节做好铺垫。
Good afternoon, everyone. It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you. The content of my lesson is Senior English for China Book5 Unit 3 Life in the Future. I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from six parts: Analysis of the teaching material, Analysis of the students, Teaching aims and important and difficult points, Teaching methods and aids, Teaching procedures, and Blackboard design. First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Analysis of the Teaching Material:This unit is about what human beings’ life will be like in about one thousand years. By studying of this unit, we’ll Enable the students to know the changes in humans’ life and some new inventions bringing about the change and develop the interest in science. This lesson plays an important part in the English teaching in this unit. This is an important lesson in Book Five. From this lesson, it starts asking the Ss to grasp contents of each passage. Therefore, this lesson is in the important position of the teaching material. If the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.Part 2 Analysis of the SsAs Senior2 Ss, they are at different levels of English fluency, some of them have lost interest in English. So during the lesson, I arrange a variety of activities to let all of them join in to attract their interest and let them be confident and taste the joy of success.
分析过焦作市的地理概况和产业优势后,就需要针对由于资源枯竭所带来的问题提出合理化的建议。既然是谈经济转型,就应该将话题的范围明确在这一领域内。通过材料3的相关内容,我们了解到焦作市需要在产业结构调整、培育新的优势产业、增强综合竞争力等三个整改方针上下功夫。因而引导学生针对优势与不足提出建议,以三个整改方针为基准,衡量建议的可行性是锻炼学生解决此类问题的有效途径。在此我将教会学生的是解决问题方法而非案例的内容,正所谓“授之以鱼,不如授之以渔”。接下来针对学生的建议和教材资料分析所罗列的10点整改思路,由学生自由发言提出看法,通过教师的指导和学生的讨论,进而确定经济转型建议的具体方案。最后注意将建议与产业优势相对照,看建议是否都是围绕着产业优势而提出的,这样做会加深学生的印象,通过建议和优势的对应关系,将不难找出此类问题的解题思路。
总结与大自然和谐相处走可持续发展道路。在我们的努力下地球一定能为我们人类提供更好的生存环境这部分的设计意图是培养学生综合实践能力把新知识内化为学生生活行为中的具体行动。五、说板书设计这样设计能直观形象地体现知识结构、突出重点难点、利于巩固新知识。六、说作业设计1、课本P80练习——常规作业主要为巩固和落实认知目标服务。2、活动与探究以“警惕外来物种入侵”为题写一篇科普文章。——开放性作业学生在自主完成任务的同时可以相互合作通过自主学习所获得的成果经共享共同整理、归纳、分类得到一种比较完整的答案。七、说教学反思1、本节教学过程主要重视运用“动态发展观”来组织实施教学用历史性的眼光从纵向进行寻踪综合利用视频、图片等直观教具动态地展示群落演替的过程帮助学生更好地理解群落演替的过程及本质。
(四)、活动交流,体验科学通过资料分析讨论以下三个问题:1、你知道爱滋病的传播途径吗?2、如何预防爱滋病?3、我们应如何对待爱滋病患者?面对艾滋病我们能做些什么?从而进入情感态度的教育。除此之外,我还设计一个开放性的作业“向全社会为关注艾滋病设计一个宣传广告”(形式不限,漫画、板书、倡议书等),让学生把爱心付诸于实际行动。在此基础上引出“免疫学的应用”从免疫预防、免疫治疗、器官移植三个方面讲述,让学生充分体验到知识和社会生活的紧密联系,让他们不在感到科学是那么的遥远,而是可爱的有用的。通过交流,让同学们体会到合作的魅力和重要性,进一步培养合作意识和合作能力。最后我设计一个资料搜集,让同学们选一个感兴趣的主题利用电脑在网上搜集有关资料。主题:1、你知道世界艾滋病日吗?历年的主题是什么?开展世界艾滋病运动有什么意义?
第二环节合作讨论,获得新的知识展示图片,一块草地上的全部蒲公英,估算所有蒲公英的数量,引出种群密度的概念。回到问题即调查蒲公英的种群密度,教师启发,学生阅读教材讨论总结说出样方法,以问题承接“一片草地上的所有山羊”怎么知道其种群密度,激起学生认知冲突,进一步思考讨论,得出标志重捕法,教师引导学生完成标志重捕法的概念、操作过程,计算公式,并与样方法进行比较。教师陈述“种群密度是种群最基本的数量特征,反应种群在一定时期的数量,不能反应种群的变化趋势”引出反映种群变化趋势的其他特征——出生率和死亡率,迁入和迁出,年龄组成和性别比例。学生讨论总结这些特征的概念、对种群密度的影响及对生产生活实践的指导意义。使学生认同计划生育国策,关注濒危动物的种群数量变化。之后引导学生构建种群特征的关系图。再简明阐述种群空间特征即:随即分布,均匀分布、集群分布。第三环节反馈练习,巩固新知识通过对学生练习结果的评价,了解学生对知识的掌握情况。即以学生为核心的教学评价。
建构群落特征3群落有一定的空间结构,包括垂直结构和水平结构。思维拓展从结构与功能相统一的角度思考群落内的分层结构的意义。6.4运用群落核心知识概念解决未知群落问题学生已掌握了同一时间内聚集在一定区域中各种生物种群的集合是生物群落,所有群落都有一定的物种组成、种间关系、空间结构,不同群落主要表现在其具体特征上的差异。在此基础上,为学生提供新的问题情境,利用多媒体课件,展示不同生态环境下不同生物群落问题,让学生运用已建构的群落概念,通过分析、演绎和具体化等辩证思维的过程解决未知的群落问题,课件展示热带雨林、温带草原、海洋、湖泊等生物群落。学生运用概念说明不同的群落的物种丰富度差异,列举不同群落的种间关系,分析不同群落的垂直结构和水平结构,研究造成不同群落重要特征差异的原因。评价人类的活动对群落的结构的影响。
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