The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
一是坚持把政治过硬摆在首位。制定领导干部政治素质考察办法,列出15条具体指标和20条负面清单,实行政治表现首问、正反向专项测评、政治表现和廉政意见“双鉴定”、“双签字”等制度,开展个别谈话“十问”、集体面谈“五问”,建立区管干部政治素质档案,提高政治把关的科学性和精准度,坚决把两面人识别出来、挡在门外。共对××名政治上、廉洁上有问题的区管干部一票否决。 二是严格人选条件。把任职资格、履行程序和遵守纪律等情况作为干部选拔任用工作有关事项报告的重要内容,对受处理处分干部和“裸官”使用、领导干部近亲属和身边工作人员提任、破格提拔等情形从严审核把关,严控用人风险。
通过这次培训,使我进一步学会了更好的审视自己、审视身边人,更好的去观察身边人的情绪,了解身边人的心理,理解身边人的需求;心理学不但让人更好的学会面对自己,也让人更好的学会与别人相处;人无远虑必有近忧,身处这个信息高速发展的时代,工作环境变迁、身边人员流动变得习以为常,为了更好的工作,更好的与别人相处,这就要求我们必须更好的适应环境变化,了解身边不断变换的人的心理,学会更好的方式与身边人交流;人与人相处、沟通,理解是融洽相处的前提。但是这些知识从前无论生活中还是工作中都被自己有意无意的忽视了,通过几次培训中老师深入浅出的讲解,对我的帮助和触动非常大。不仅对现在,在学习过程中学到的知识和感触也会深远的影响到我的今后生活和工作。
《中学生守则》可以说是我们的良师益友,是我们迈向人生路的一位优秀的导航,教会我们迈好青春的第一步!阅读《中学生守则》后,我认为作为一名中学生,首先应该有一颗爱国心。热爱祖国,自觉维护伟大祖国的尊严,在心中时时刻刻铭记——我只一名中国人!我为自己是一名中国人而感到骄傲,我们的祖国母亲有着悠久的历史,在古代为四大文明古国之一,对人类文明进步起了巨大的推进作用。中国人民一向都是善良、勤劳、勇敢的,祖国母亲在近代饱受列强的欺凌和践踏,但今时不同往日,现在的中国就像一头崛起的雄狮,我们这一代人要通过自己的努力,刻苦学习科学文化知识,让这条东方巨龙屹立在世界之上!
要全面建成小康社会,必须遵循中国特色社会主义事业的总体布局,着力实现经济、政治、文化、社会和生态文明“五位一体”的发展,其出发点和落脚点都是人的全面而自由的发展。在中国经济发展进入新常态发展条件下,只有这样“五位一体”的发展才是硬道理,才是为人民群众欢迎和期盼的发展,才是让人民群众越来越感觉到亲近和温暖的发展
师德是教师人格的重要组成部分,而师德中爱与责任则是师德的灵魂。我们的爱,首先是要爱岗敬业。所谓爱岗敬业就是人们对所从事的职业的一种虔诚、一种执着、一种深情的眷恋,从而进行孜孜不倦的工作。优秀教师无不把教育事业看作是自己的生命。也许正是以这种爱与责任为出发点,他们才能不停地教育自己,完善自己,才能更靠近学生。 我们的的爱,其次是要爱学生。师爱应该是一种真正纯洁的爱,是只讲付出不计回报的爱。师爱应该是一种平等的爱,是无私广泛没有血缘的爱。师爱的基础是平等以感情赢得感情,以心灵去感受他们的感受。师爱应该是一种公正公平的爱,是惠及全体而没有差异的爱。对每一个学生教师应公平、公正,经常与学生谈心,使他们感到老师在意、关心他们。但是关爱是有条件的,有限制的,教师要做到爱而有度,爱而有格。
二、学生分析本节课是一节计算教学课,是在学生学习了整数除法及其意义的基础上进行学习的,掌握算法和探究算理是计算教学的两大任务,针对本班的学生对于整数除法计算知识掌握比较好,基础知识扎实,学生善于独立思考、发现问题,同时也具备一定的自学能力。但需要在教师适当的引导和启发下,来顺利完成本节课的学习任务。三、教学方法基于对课标的理解教材学生的分析我采用了以下的教学方法,通过情境的创设,首先引导学生正确获取信息、分析信息,提出相应的数学问题,并在讨论解决问题策略的基础上,鼓励学生从已有的知识经验入手,努力探索新知识;充分发挥小组合作学习的优势,给学生提供充分从事数学活动的机会,计算方法多样化。再在总结比较的基础上,引导学生重点掌握除数是整数的小数除法的竖式计算方法,最后将学生所学的新知识进一步与生活实际联系起来,巩固深化。
在引导学生列方程解决实际问题的过程中,我关注的是学生能否找到正确的等量关系,列出方程解决问题,并比较清楚地表示解决问题的过程。探索解决问题的方法时,我首先让学生通过阅读统计表,明确数据的含义及要解决的问题,然后分析问题中的数量关系。在这个过程中,关键是帮助学生找到等量关系:我家这个月支出的40%等于500元。怎样正确找到等量关系式?我主要采取让学生找到题目的关键句子,引导分析数量之间的关系,用数学等式表示出这种关系,再找到各个量所对应的具体数,将未知量设为X,从而轻松列出方程。处理好已有经验和新知的关系,提供探索空间。由于学生在分数除法单元中,已经解决了“已知一个数的几分之几是多少,求这个数”的实际问题。所以解决百分数除法可以放手让学生找等量关系,使逆向思维成为顺向思维
评价分析法,就是引述事例后,对所引述的事例作适当的评价,从而使自己的观点得到印证。例如,在论“节俭”时,引用了“曾国藩以俭戒子,其子曾纪泽终成出色的外交家;方志敏居官不贪,一生清贫,千古留名”的事实后,接着进行分析:是的,“俭者心常富”,节俭能培养人同困难作斗争的勇气和意志,而这正是一个人立业最重要的素质。从这个意义上说,有人说饥饿是人生的佐料,吃苦是一种资本也不无道理,而自觉和戒奢尚俭则更是促人修身养性,磨炼意志的有效途径。这里,作者紧扣论点,对论据进行了评价性分析,这种评价分析使作者的观点得到强化。(四)因果分析法因果分析法,就是抓住论据所述的事实,并据此推求形成原因的一种分析方法。事出必有其因。我们可以依据事物发展变化的因果关系,由事物发展变化的结果,推导出产生这种结果的原因,从而揭示出一定的生活规律,使事例有力地证明观点。
一、教材分析1.教材的地位和作用本节教材是北师大版六年级数学上册第5章《数据的收集与整理》第3节的内容,这一章是《全日制义务教育数学课程标准(实验稿)》第三学段“统计与概率”部分的第一章,也是基础章节。它让学生经历数据的收集、整理、描述的过程,体会适当选择统计图表对描述实际问题的作用,为以后进一步学习统计的有关知识打下基础2.学情分析学生在此之前已经在小学阶段学习过有关统计图表的知识,对三种统计图也有了一定的认识和感知,会画三种统计图,但是对于究竟如何选取适当的统计图去说明一些具体实际问题还存在一定困难,所以本节内容主要是让学生对三种统计图各自的特点和优势有一定的认识。3.教材重难点根据对教材的研读和学生学情的分析,结合新课标对本节的要求,特将本节的重难点确定如下:
反思感悟用基底表示空间向量的解题策略1.空间中,任一向量都可以用一个基底表示,且只要基底确定,则表示形式是唯一的.2.用基底表示空间向量时,一般要结合图形,运用向量加法、减法的平行四边形法则、三角形法则,以及数乘向量的运算法则,逐步向基向量过渡,直至全部用基向量表示.3.在空间几何体中选择基底时,通常选取公共起点最集中的向量或关系最明确的向量作为基底,例如,在正方体、长方体、平行六面体、四面体中,一般选用从同一顶点出发的三条棱所对应的向量作为基底.例2.在棱长为2的正方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,E,F分别是DD1,BD的中点,点G在棱CD上,且CG=1/3 CD(1)证明:EF⊥B1C;(2)求EF与C1G所成角的余弦值.思路分析选择一个空间基底,将(EF) ?,(B_1 C) ?,(C_1 G) ?用基向量表示.(1)证明(EF) ?·(B_1 C) ?=0即可;(2)求(EF) ?与(C_1 G) ?夹角的余弦值即可.(1)证明:设(DA) ?=i,(DC) ?=j,(DD_1 ) ?=k,则{i,j,k}构成空间的一个正交基底.
4.已知△ABC三个顶点坐标A(-1,3),B(-3,0),C(1,2),求△ABC的面积S.【解析】由直线方程的两点式得直线BC的方程为 = ,即x-2y+3=0,由两点间距离公式得|BC|= ,点A到BC的距离为d,即为BC边上的高,d= ,所以S= |BC|·d= ×2 × =4,即△ABC的面积为4.5.已知直线l经过点P(0,2),且A(1,1),B(-3,1)两点到直线l的距离相等,求直线l的方程.解:(方法一)∵点A(1,1)与B(-3,1)到y轴的距离不相等,∴直线l的斜率存在,设为k.又直线l在y轴上的截距为2,则直线l的方程为y=kx+2,即kx-y+2=0.由点A(1,1)与B(-3,1)到直线l的距离相等,∴直线l的方程是y=2或x-y+2=0.得("|" k"-" 1+2"|" )/√(k^2+1)=("|-" 3k"-" 1+2"|" )/√(k^2+1),解得k=0或k=1.(方法二)当直线l过线段AB的中点时,A,B两点到直线l的距离相等.∵AB的中点是(-1,1),又直线l过点P(0,2),∴直线l的方程是x-y+2=0.当直线l∥AB时,A,B两点到直线l的距离相等.∵直线AB的斜率为0,∴直线l的斜率为0,∴直线l的方程为y=2.综上所述,满足条件的直线l的方程是x-y+2=0或y=2.
一、情境导学在一条笔直的公路同侧有两个大型小区,现在计划在公路上某处建一个公交站点C,以方便居住在两个小区住户的出行.如何选址能使站点到两个小区的距离之和最小?二、探究新知问题1.在数轴上已知两点A、B,如何求A、B两点间的距离?提示:|AB|=|xA-xB|.问题2:在平面直角坐标系中能否利用数轴上两点间的距离求出任意两点间距离?探究.当x1≠x2,y1≠y2时,|P1P2|=?请简单说明理由.提示:可以,构造直角三角形利用勾股定理求解.答案:如图,在Rt △P1QP2中,|P1P2|2=|P1Q|2+|QP2|2,所以|P1P2|=?x2-x1?2+?y2-y1?2.即两点P1(x1,y1),P2(x2,y2)间的距离|P1P2|=?x2-x1?2+?y2-y1?2.你还能用其它方法证明这个公式吗?2.两点间距离公式的理解(1)此公式与两点的先后顺序无关,也就是说公式也可写成|P1P2|=?x2-x1?2+?y2-y1?2.(2)当直线P1P2平行于x轴时,|P1P2|=|x2-x1|.当直线P1P2平行于y轴时,|P1P2|=|y2-y1|.
(2)l的倾斜角为90°,即l平行于y轴,所以m+1=2m,得m=1.延伸探究1 本例条件不变,试求直线l的倾斜角为锐角时实数m的取值范围.解:由题意知(m"-" 1"-" 1)/(m+1"-" 2m)>0,解得1<m<2.延伸探究2 若将本例中的“N(2m,1)”改为“N(3m,2m)”,其他条件不变,结果如何?解:(1)由题意知(m"-" 1"-" 2m)/(m+1"-" 3m)=1,解得m=2.(2)由题意知m+1=3m,解得m=1/2.直线斜率的计算方法(1)判断两点的横坐标是否相等,若相等,则直线的斜率不存在.(2)若两点的横坐标不相等,则可以用斜率公式k=(y_2 "-" y_1)/(x_2 "-" x_1 )(其中x1≠x2)进行计算.金题典例 光线从点A(2,1)射到y轴上的点Q,经y轴反射后过点B(4,3),试求点Q的坐标及入射光线的斜率.解:(方法1)设Q(0,y),则由题意得kQA=-kQB.∵kQA=(1"-" y)/2,kQB=(3"-" y)/4,∴(1"-" y)/2=-(3"-" y)/4.解得y=5/3,即点Q的坐标为 0,5/3 ,∴k入=kQA=(1"-" y)/2=-1/3.(方法2)设Q(0,y),如图,点B(4,3)关于y轴的对称点为B'(-4,3), kAB'=(1"-" 3)/(2+4)=-1/3,由题意得,A、Q、B'三点共线.从而入射光线的斜率为kAQ=kAB'=-1/3.所以,有(1"-" y)/2=(1"-" 3)/(2+4),解得y=5/3,点Q的坐标为(0,5/3).
一、情境导学前面我们已经得到了两点间的距离公式,点到直线的距离公式,关于平面上的距离问题,两条直线间的距离也是值得研究的。思考1:立定跳远测量的什么距离?A.两平行线的距离 B.点到直线的距离 C. 点到点的距离二、探究新知思考2:已知两条平行直线l_1,l_2的方程,如何求l_1 〖与l〗_2间的距离?根据两条平行直线间距离的含义,在直线l_1上取任一点P(x_0,y_0 ),,点P(x_0,y_0 )到直线l_2的距离就是直线l_1与直线l_2间的距离,这样求两条平行线间的距离就转化为求点到直线的距离。两条平行直线间的距离1. 定义:夹在两平行线间的__________的长.公垂线段2. 图示: 3. 求法:转化为点到直线的距离.1.原点到直线x+2y-5=0的距离是( )A.2 B.3 C.2 D.5D [d=|-5|12+22=5.选D.]
1.直线2x+y+8=0和直线x+y-1=0的交点坐标是( )A.(-9,-10) B.(-9,10) C.(9,10) D.(9,-10)解析:解方程组{■(2x+y+8=0"," @x+y"-" 1=0"," )┤得{■(x="-" 9"," @y=10"," )┤即交点坐标是(-9,10).答案:B 2.直线2x+3y-k=0和直线x-ky+12=0的交点在x轴上,则k的值为( )A.-24 B.24 C.6 D.± 6解析:∵直线2x+3y-k=0和直线x-ky+12=0的交点在x轴上,可设交点坐标为(a,0),∴{■(2a"-" k=0"," @a+12=0"," )┤解得{■(a="-" 12"," @k="-" 24"," )┤故选A.答案:A 3.已知直线l1:ax+y-6=0与l2:x+(a-2)y+a-1=0相交于点P,若l1⊥l2,则点P的坐标为 . 解析:∵直线l1:ax+y-6=0与l2:x+(a-2)y+a-1=0相交于点P,且l1⊥l2,∴a×1+1×(a-2)=0,解得a=1,联立方程{■(x+y"-" 6=0"," @x"-" y=0"," )┤易得x=3,y=3,∴点P的坐标为(3,3).答案:(3,3) 4.求证:不论m为何值,直线(m-1)x+(2m-1)y=m-5都通过一定点. 证明:将原方程按m的降幂排列,整理得(x+2y-1)m-(x+y-5)=0,此式对于m的任意实数值都成立,根据恒等式的要求,m的一次项系数与常数项均等于零,故有{■(x+2y"-" 1=0"," @x+y"-" 5=0"," )┤解得{■(x=9"," @y="-" 4"." )┤
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