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两直线的交点坐标教学设计人教A版高中数学选择性必修第一册
1.直线2x+y+8=0和直线x+y-1=0的交点坐标是( )A.(-9,-10) B.(-9,10) C.(9,10) D.(9,-10)解析:解方程组{■(2x+y+8=0"," @x+y"-" 1=0"," )┤得{■(x="-" 9"," @y=10"," )┤即交点坐标是(-9,10).答案:B 2.直线2x+3y-k=0和直线x-ky+12=0的交点在x轴上,则k的值为( )A.-24 B.24 C.6 D.± 6解析:∵直线2x+3y-k=0和直线x-ky+12=0的交点在x轴上,可设交点坐标为(a,0),∴{■(2a"-" k=0"," @a+12=0"," )┤解得{■(a="-" 12"," @k="-" 24"," )┤故选A.答案:A 3.已知直线l1:ax+y-6=0与l2:x+(a-2)y+a-1=0相交于点P,若l1⊥l2,则点P的坐标为 . 解析:∵直线l1:ax+y-6=0与l2:x+(a-2)y+a-1=0相交于点P,且l1⊥l2,∴a×1+1×(a-2)=0,解得a=1,联立方程{■(x+y"-" 6=0"," @x"-" y=0"," )┤易得x=3,y=3,∴点P的坐标为(3,3).答案:(3,3) 4.求证:不论m为何值,直线(m-1)x+(2m-1)y=m-5都通过一定点. 证明:将原方程按m的降幂排列,整理得(x+2y-1)m-(x+y-5)=0,此式对于m的任意实数值都成立,根据恒等式的要求,m的一次项系数与常数项均等于零,故有{■(x+2y"-" 1=0"," @x+y"-" 5=0"," )┤解得{■(x=9"," @y="-" 4"." )┤
圆的标准方程教学设计人教A版高中数学选择性必修第一册
(1)几何法它是利用图形的几何性质,如圆的性质等,直接求出圆的圆心和半径,代入圆的标准方程,从而得到圆的标准方程.(2)待定系数法由三个独立条件得到三个方程,解方程组以得到圆的标准方程中三个参数,从而确定圆的标准方程.它是求圆的方程最常用的方法,一般步骤是:①设——设所求圆的方程为(x-a)2+(y-b)2=r2;②列——由已知条件,建立关于a,b,r的方程组;③解——解方程组,求出a,b,r;④代——将a,b,r代入所设方程,得所求圆的方程.跟踪训练1．已知△ABC的三个顶点坐标分别为A(0,5)，B(1，－2)，C(－3，－4)，求该三角形的外接圆的方程．[解] 法一：设所求圆的标准方程为(x－a)2＋(y－b)2＝r2.因为A(0,5)，B(1,－2)，C(－3,－4)都在圆上，所以它们的坐标都满足圆的标准方程，于是有?0－a?2＋?5－b?2＝r2，?1－a?2＋?－2－b?2＝r2，?－3－a?2＋?－4－b?2＝r2.解得a＝－3，b＝1，r＝5.故所求圆的标准方程是(x＋3)2＋(y－1)2＝25.
人教版高中数学选择性必修二导数的概念及其几何意义教学设计
新知探究前面我们研究了两类变化率问题：一类是物理学中的问题，涉及平均速度和瞬时速度；另一类是几何学中的问题，涉及割线斜率和切线斜率。这两类问题来自不同的学科领域，但在解决问题时，都采用了由“平均变化率”逼近“瞬时变化率”的思想方法；问题的答案也是一样的表示形式。下面我们用上述思想方法研究更一般的问题。探究1： 对于函数y=f(x) ，设自变量x从x_0变化到x_0+ ?x ，相应地，函数值y就从f(x_0)变化到f(〖x+x〗_0) 。这时， x的变化量为?x，y的变化量为?y=f(x_0+?x)-f(x_0)我们把比值?y/?x，即?y/?x=(f(x_0+?x)-f(x_0)" " )/?x叫做函数从x_0到x_0+?x的平均变化率。1．导数的概念如果当Δx→0时，平均变化率ΔyΔx无限趋近于一个确定的值，即ΔyΔx有极限，则称y＝f (x)在x＝x0处____，并把这个________叫做y＝f (x)在x＝x0处的导数(也称为__________)，记作f ′(x0)或________，即
人教版新课标小学数学三年级上册搭配中的学问说课稿2篇
师：同学们真聪明，小精灵的问题回答出来了，现在就让我们一起走进儿童乐园吧。（出示课件）请大家注意观察，儿童乐园中都有哪些景点？师：从儿童乐园出发经过百鸟园去猴山一共有几条路？请同学们仔细观察：从儿童乐园到百鸟园有几条路？从百鸟园去猴山有几条路？（生回答。）师：我们给这5条路分别标上序号。（课件演示）现在请同学们想一想从儿童乐园的入口经过百鸟园到达猴山一共有几条路线？请同学们把答案写在记录纸上。（生汇报。）师：路线设计好了，让我们一起到猴山看一看可爱的小猴子吧！（放猴山的录像。）师：看，它们是一对著名的动物小明星，会演杂技的小猴宝宝和贝贝，你们想和它们照相留念吗？生：想。师：好！那我们每个人都和宝宝、贝贝各照一张相片，同学们想一想，我们全班40个人一共要照多少张相片儿呢？
人教版新课标小学数学四年级下册生活中的小数说课稿2篇
一、教材分析：本节知识，是在学生建立了小数的概念，学习了小数性质以及小数点移动引起小数大小变化的基础上进行的，包括了复名数化成小数和复名数化成低级和高级单位单名数。教材重在向学生渗透“数学来源于生活，又服务于生活”的理念，以小数在生活中的实际应用为切入点，从学生的生活经验和知识背景出发创设情境，引导学生进行积极的体验，从而体会到数学的内在价值。二、说教法这节课，在教法和学法上力求体现以下几个方面：1、坚持以“学生为主题，老师为主导，训练为主线”的原则，主要采用启发诱导的教学方法，引导学生亲历知识的观察、发现、应用的过程。引导学生利用迁移法，讨论法，自主探究法对新知识进行主动学习。2、注重创设情境，从学生已有的小数知识出发，紧密结合具体的生活情境和活动情境，激发学生的学习兴趣。
人教版高中政治必修4真正的哲学都是自己时代的精神上的精华说课稿
2、讲授新课：（35分钟）通过教材第一目的讲解，让学生明白，生活和学习中有许多蕴涵哲学道理的故事，表明哲学并不神秘总结并过渡：生活也离不开哲学，哲学可以是我正确看待自然、人生、和社会的发展，从而指导人们正确的认识和改造世界。整个过程将伴随着多媒体影像资料和生生对话讨论以提高学生的积极性。3、课堂反馈，知识迁移。最后对本科课进行小结，巩固重点难点，将本课的哲学知识迁移到与生活相关的例子，实现对知识的升华以及学生的再次创新；可使学生更深刻地理解重点和难点，为下一框学习做好准备。4、板书设计我采用直观板书的方法，对本课的知识网络在多媒体上进行展示。尽可能的简洁，清晰。使学生对知识框架一目了然，帮助学生构建本课的知识结构。5、布置作业我会留适当的自测题及教学案例让同学们做课后练习和思考，检验学生对本课重点的掌握以及对难点的理解。并及时反馈。对学生在理解中仍有困难的知识点，我会在以后的教学中予以疏导。
人教版高中政治必修3在文化生活中选择说课稿
一、教材分析文化市场和大众传媒的发展，给我们的文化生活带来了许多可喜的变化。但是，文化市场的自发性和传媒的商业性也引发了令人忧虑的现象。文化生活有“喜”也有“忧”，让我们欢喜让我们忧。面对形式多样的文化生活，置身于文化生活的海洋之中，在文化生活中如何选择、怎样作出正确的选择是亟待向学生解决的问题。二、学情分析高二学生处于世界观、人生观和价值观形成的关键时期，身心迅速发展，自我意识和独立性较强，社会公共生活空间范围越来越大，并且开始理性地思考社会和人生的重大问题，他们可塑性强，但情绪仍然不稳定，有多变性，容易冲动或偏激，迫切需要提升思想意识，加强方法论的指导，使其在纷繁复杂的文化生活中能够进行正确的判断与选择。如果我们的学生不能把握正确的航向，是非观念模糊，良莠不分，就会陷入落后文化和腐朽文化的泥沼而不能自拔，甚至造成无法挽回的恶果。
人教版高中政治必修3弘扬中华民族精神说课稿
3、评：以评促行。（6分钟）高中生的年龄特点决定了他们非常重视别人对自己的评价，渴望得到他人的肯定与鼓励。（所以我在班上组织一个活动：让同学们评选出班上“讲文明懂礼貌的文明之星”、“勤思考善创新的学习之星”（先让同学推举大家都认同的4位同学，然后对他们进行投票，投票结果将在下堂课上公布）以此活动来激发同学们用实际行动做民族精神的践行者和传播者。）4、唱：以情激行。（2分钟）在课程内容讲授结完毕后，组织全班同学跟着音乐高唱孙楠的《红旗飘飘》，生化情感，激发同学们的爱国情感。五、课堂拓展（请同学们各展才华：课后让同学们各自准备一个项目以体现民族精神。（项目形式是：或作文、书画；或剪纸、或歌曲小品）……让同学们用实际行动祝愿我们伟大的祖国更加繁荣昌盛！让我们的民族精神代代相传！）
人教版新课标小学数学一年级下册两位数减一位数的退位减法教案
2．送信。实物投影仪演示反馈。（1）方法说明。你是怎么想的？（2）错误纠正。分层校对：做完的先互相批改，然后集体先校对丁当组题，再校对一休组题。重点讲评一休组题目。六、总结今天你有哪些收获？（1）退位减法要注意什么？不要忘记退位。（2）退位减法的方法。为学生提供学习材料，让学生通过活动联系生活实际学习新知，让学生感受到数学源于生活，用于生活；采用分层教学，整个学习过程都是学生在小组中合作研究、探索中完成的；然后通过多种形式的练习加以巩固；注重学习过程的开放；通过小组合作，培养学生善于发表自己的观点，会倾听同学的意见的能力。同时也培养学生学会提出问题、解决问题的能力。
人教版新课标小学数学一年级下册求一个数比另一个数多几的应用题教案
四、课堂小结今天我们一起研究了什么问题？板书课题：求一个数比另一个数多几的应用题解答这样的问题，应该怎样进行分析？在老师的提问下，学生回忆分析思路。最后，小结上课时男女学生小旗的情况，得出数目后问：你能根据今天学习的内容提出问题并列式计算吗？教学反思：求一个数比另一个数多几的应用题,本节课属于计算教学。传统的计算教学往往只注重算理、单一的算法及技能训练，比较枯燥。依据新的数学课程标准，在本节课的教学设计上，创设生动具体的教学情境，使学生在愉悦的情景中学习数学知识。鼓励学生独立思考、自主探索和合作交流。尊重学生的个体差异，满足多样化的学习需求。 在课堂过程中，还有小部分学生不能充分地展开自己的思维，得到有效的学习效果，让所有的学生基本都学会如何去展现自己的有效的学习方式，这是我的教学目标。
人教版新课标小学数学一年级下册整十数加一位数和相应的减法教案
[设计意图：巩固减法的意义，培养学生初步的思维能力。]（2）组织学生自己先算一算，教师巡视，捕捉学生学习信息，纠正不良学习习惯。[设计意图：通过巡视，及时捕捉学生的学习信息，发现问题及时解决；把培养学生良好的计算习惯、审题习惯及检查习惯落到实处。]（3）组织学生全班交流计算方法。组织学生在全班交流解决计算“32-2=”的方法，引导学生理解“32是由3个十和2个一组成，从32里去掉2，就剩3个十，所以32减2等于30”。如果学生用其他的方法来计算，只要正确，也要肯定。[设计意图：同前面一样，巩固数的组成，训练每一个学生“述说整十数加一位数相应减法的计算过程”，突破难点。]3．加减法对比组织学生比较“30+2=32”和“32-2=30”,并说一说有什么发现，使学生认识到“3个十和2个一组成32，所以30加2等于32；反过来，32是由3个十和2个一组成，从32里去掉2，就剩3个十，所以32减2等于30”[设计意图：强化加减法意义的联系，培养学生初步的思维能力。]
人教版高中地理必修3资源的跨区域调配—以我国的西气东输为例说课稿
由于这部分知识已要求学生在课前收集相关资料探讨分析，，现在提供机会让他们进行交流，充分发表各自的见解。所以，学生对这个知识掌握起来并不难。所以，我对这部分内容不做太多的讲解，只要做进一步的梳理，加深学生的理解即可。 第三是小结环节 在学生对西气东输工程的原因掌握之后进入的是小结环节，这里我进一步提出问题：在西气东输工程段的建设中有没有什么难关？ 通过西气东输的难度了解，间接的表现我国的科技的发展，增加学生的爱国情，同时也说明西气东输的建成也有技术这一原因。从而也完成了本课时的小结。 第四环节是作业布置 在这里要求学生课后预习本课剩下的内容：思考西气东输对区域发展的影响以及为何要实施资源的跨区域调配。通过这样的问题一方面为下节课学习奠定基础，另一方面体现本课学习从“个”到“类”从特殊到一般的过程。
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Reading for Writing教学设计
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教学设计
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Reading and Thinking教学设计
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案：1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的状语)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的状语)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的状语)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定语)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定语)Summary:1. 不定式的结构：to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子，我们知道在描述太空探索时，动词不定式不仅可以用来表目的，还可以用来作定语，表修饰。
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking＆Talking教学设计二
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教学设计二
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教学设计一
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.