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人教版高中生物必修2伴性遗传说课稿
（1观察图解，色盲基因在性别间是如何传递的呢？（女--女、女--男、男--女）（2）为什么不能由男性传给男性？（色盲基因是在X染色体上，因此色盲基因是随X染色体的传递而传递。）（3）男性的色盲基因怎样才能传给男性呢？（通过女儿，传给外孙即交叉遗传）（4）从图解看色盲在男女中的发病情况怎样？（男性多于女性）（5）从社会调查也是这样，你是否能从基因和染色体的角度加以解释？（提示：女性染色体的构成，结合基因位置及显隐性进行分析）归纳特点：归纳出色盲基因遗传的特点并扩展到X染色体隐性遗传的特点上。色盲基因遗传（X隐性遗传）的特点：（1）男患者多于女患者（2）交叉遗传（3）女病儿子必病，男正女儿必正等。问题探讨：利用“遗传图解”结合“问题链”继续探讨，拓展到抗维生素D即X 染色体显性遗传的特点。（6）色盲基因在X染色体上属隐性基因，子代表现男多于女，对应的正常色觉基因则属于X显性基因，子代表现应如何？（女多于男）
人教版高中生物必修1细胞的癌变说课稿
5．5癌症的预防作为本节最重要内容，且与生活息息相关，我采用老师引导、学生讨论总结的方法进行教学。从生活各方面总结出保健良方 ，既对知识有很好应用，又体现对生命的热爱。此时，本节课达到高潮，同学们意气风发，热烈讨论，实现本节课的教学目标。5．6 癌症的治疗通过讲述癌症治疗方法的副作用，激发学生探究生物学欲望，激励学生立志除癌。 在此，我选用一则关于一名癌症晚期病人运用心理疗法成功战胜癌症的故事，在于对不同层次的学生进行多方面启发教育，体现面向全体学生的课程理念。5．7 愉悦总结，及时反馈本节知识点零散，我将带领学生回忆浏览本节内容，使零散知识点系统化。在课堂反馈环节，我通过简单练习采用分组竞答的方式把握学生对知识的掌握程度，并给予表现突出的学生适当奖励，这是本节课第三个亮点。竞答既使课堂显得紧凑、集中，又有利于形成学生的竞争意识，还使得学生的知识得以巩固应用。
人教版高中生物必修1细胞的衰老与凋亡说课稿
4、最后从生物的寿命引入，探讨细胞的死亡。强调细胞死亡有两种形式。(1).细胞坏死，它是由某些外界因素造成细胞急速死亡，是一种被动性死亡；(2).细胞凋亡，这是一种由特定基因控制的主动性死亡。细胞坏死与细胞凋亡在形态学和生物化学上有着明显的区别。细胞凋亡有广泛的生物学意义，比如胚胎发育期手的发育如果没有细胞的调亡就不会有纤细的手指；如果没有正常的细胞调亡，蝌蚪的尾部就不会消失，它将永远不能变成青蛙……。正常的细胞调亡还肩负着维持各种组织器官固有体积和形态的功能；还会使机体内异常的细胞得到及时清除，去处潜在的隐患；例如癌症就是异常的细胞没有及时死亡的结果……。因此细胞的正常死亡是生物体的一种非常重要的调节机制，是机体平衡细胞增殖，调节机体细胞树木恒定的方式，是必不可少的生命过程。（15分钟）5、课堂小结，可以把课堂传授的知识尽快地转化为学生的素质；简单扼要的课堂小结，可使学生更深刻地理解政治理论在实际生活中的应用，并且逐渐地培养学生具有良好的个性。
人教版高中生物必修2DNA的复制说课稿
设问：DNA复制后两个子代DNA分子与亲代DNA分子是否完全相同？为什么？通过设问，让学生进一步理解和巩固DNA复制的全过程。接下来让学生总结出DNA复制的四大基本条件：① 模板：开始解旋的DNA分子的两条单链；② 原料：是游离在核液中的脱氧核苷酸；③ 能量：是通过水解ATP提供；④ 酶：酶是指一个酶系统，不仅仅是指一种解旋酶。最后通过以上分析，总结出DNA复制的意义以及在生活中的应用：意义：DNA通过复制，使遗传信息从亲代传给子代，从而保证了物种的相对稳定性，保持了遗传信息的连续性，使物种得以延续。应用：目前DNA分子广泛应用于刑事案件侦破等方面：如：DNA分子是亲子鉴定的主要证据之一。把案犯在现场留下的毛发、血等进行分析作为破案的证据，与DNA有关。五、设计课堂练习：设计一题典型课堂练习：即有关半保留复制及计算的习题：
人教版高中生物必修2遗传密码的破译说课稿
3、遗传密码的特点 连续性、简并性、通用性5、课堂练习6、作业布置假如，我们利用(ACU)n核苷酸长链合成了含有苏氨酸的多肽，那么苏氨酸可能的密码子有哪些？如何运用实验方法确证苏氨酸的密码子究竟是什么？七、教学反思1、教材中丰富的科学史料，是我们在课堂上进行探究性学习活动的良好素材，教师要整理和运用好。千万不要低估学生的思维能力，当学生的思维能力被你想方设法激发出来的时候，你会发现他们的创造力是无穷的。2、探究性学习的目的并不仅仅是问题的解决，更重要的是在探究过程中体验和获取科学研究方法，培养合作与分享的精神以及实事求是的科学态度，锻炼思维能力，提高科学素养。3、学生是学习的主体，教师是引导者。我们要采取措施让学生积极主动地参与到学习活动中来，通过他们的思考、讨论、争辩、合作等活动来获取方法，建构知识。
人教版高中生物必修2染色体变异说课稿
四、说教学程序（一）.温故知新、导入新课复习提问:基因突变导致生物变异的原因是什么?回答:基因突变是基因结构发生改变，从而使遗传信息改变，使蛋白质结构改变、生物性状改变，即生物发生了变异。那么，基因是什么?它和染色体又有何关系?回答:基因是有遗传效应的DNA片断，染色体是DNA的载体，基因在染色体上呈线形排列。引出新知:对于一个生物体来说，正常情况下，其染色体的结构和数量都是稳定的。但在自然条件或人为因素的影响下，染色体的结构和数量均会发生改变，从而导致生物性状的改变，这就属于染色体变异。（二）.把握重点、突破难点重点的把握：1、染色体结构的变异播放影片:猫叫综合征幼儿。让学生观察: 患儿哭声轻、音调高，很像猫叫。教师补充: 患儿的征状---两眼较低、耳位低下，存在着严重的智力障碍。阐述病因---染色体片段缺失
人教版高中英语必修1Journey Down the Mekong说课稿
2. let the Ss complete the forms paragraph by paragraph. Purpose here is to help Ss to get the habit of reading a passage as a whole, and pay attention to the organization of the text, as a result the Ss will fully understand the whole passage.3. ask Ss to retell the passage with the help of the key words in the form.Since the Ss in the class are in different levels, so I let them to fill in the blank to understand the meaning of the words and phrases better. ( That’s all for the while-reading. Now let’s move to the fifth step.)Step V: Post-reading (10mins) ---DiscussionIn this part students are asked to discuss in groups and list Wang Kun’s and Wang Wei’s attitudes about the trip. After that, Ss are encouraged to express their attitudes with the whole class. Collect their answers and don’t forget to praise them even if their answers may not be perfect.In this activity, discussion provides a vivid and active learning environment for Ss to communicate in English with newly learned language items. (Finally it comes to the homework.)StepⅥ: Homework (1min)1. Ss are required to read the text again after class and figure out the meaning of some complex sentences.2. Do the exercises on P19; This can help Ss to consolidate what they’ve learnt and make preparation for the next lessonPart4. Blackboard design.（说板书设计）On the top, there is the title of this lesson. On the left, there are main ideas for each paragraph. On the right, there are some new words and expressions.Unit 3 Travel journalJourney down the MekongMain idea of each para.:Para1: deciding to take a great bike trip along the Mekong river.Para2: Different attitudes between Wang kun and Wang wei.
人教版高中英语必修1Anne's best friend说课稿
Step 7 Language points 1．Vocabulary (1) go through (2) set down (3) a series of (4) on purpose (5) in order to (6)at dusk (7)entirely (8)face to face 2．Important sentences (1)…I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. (2)There was a time when … (3)I stayed awake on purpose until … (4)It was the first time … that I’d seen the night … (5)It’s no pleasure looking through … Purpose: 1．Master the required vocabulary and sentence structures. 2．Use them freely. Step 8 Consolidation 1．Find out the topic sentences 2．Retell the text according to the topic sentences Purpose: I want to know if my students understand the text. Step 9 Discussion Imagine you have to go into hiding like Anne and her family, what would you miss most? Giveyour reasons. Purpose: Train Ss’ oral English ability. Step 10 Homework Write an article on Friends. Purpose: 1． Improve the Ss’ writing ability. 2 Train the Ss’ ability of self—teaching and looking up information by themselves. Part 5 Blackboard design（说板书设计）Unit 1 Friendship Reading Anne’s Best Friend 1．Main idea of each paragraph: Para. 1 Anne made her diary her best friend. Para .2 Anne wrote her feelings in her diary. Para .3 Anne missed nature. Para.4 Anne saw the night face to face Para.5 Anne wanted to experience nature outdoors. 2．Listening: Exx.1 P3 3．Discussion: Exx.3 P3 Purpose: 1．Make Ss familiar with the passage 2．Make the design inductive, instructive and artistic.
人教版高中英语必修1English around the world说课稿
(3)v. 给：提出；展现，显现present sb. with sth. ; present sth. to sb. 把. . 交给；颁发；授予present sth. (for sth. )/present sth. to sb. e. g. Om his birthday, his friends presented him a collection of stamps. 在他生日时，他的朋友们送给他一套邮票作为礼物。The sword was presented by the family to the museum. 这家人把宝剑捐赠给了博物馆。The committee will present the final report to Parliament in June. 委员会将在六月向议会提交最后的报告。You need to present yourself better. 你需要更善于展现自己。It is essential that we present a united front. 至关重要的是我们要表现得更加团结。Step 4 ConsolidationT:Now that we have got a general idea of these words and phrases. Lets make up some sentences using them to master them. Suggested sentences:1. Your duties include typing letters and answering the telephone. 2. It is one of the greatest roles that she has played. 3. A large number of people have applied for the job. 4. The number of the panda is declining. 5. I'11 go there, even if I have to walk. 6. He came up to me to ask for a light. 7. The novel is about a family who can't communicate with each other. 8. He based his plan on interests of most people. 9. Why doesn't he make use of his singing talent?Step 5 Summary and homeworkT:Today we dealt with several new words and phrases. After class I hope that youcan read them again and again to keep them in mind. That's all for today. You aredismissed.
人教版高中英语必修1Nelson Mandela--A Modern Hero说课稿
In this step, give students a few minutes to read the passage . While they are reading, I will write some key words of the text on the blackboard. Then ask students to retell the passage according to the key words.By retelling, students can improve their ability of language organization and have an overall understanding of the article.Step 4 Group discussionIn this step, students will be divided into groups of 4 to discussion the following question: What qualities make a great person?After their discussion, invite a few groups to make a report to the class.This group discussion can practice students’ oral English and cultivate their abilities of cooperation and communication.Step 5. HomeworkLet students write a short passage to introduce a great person he or she admires.The homework can consolidate the knowledge the students have learned and cultivate their writing ability. Part 6 Blackboard Design（板书设计）That’s all my teaching procedures. Finally, I’d like to say sth about part 6 blackboard design. On the top is the title. On the left, there will be some new words and expressions. In the middle of the blackboard, I will write some useful sentence structures so that the students can know clearly what they’ve learned and then try to master the knowledge.OK. That’s all for my presentation. Thank you for your attention.
人教版高中英语必修2The Olympic Games说课稿2篇
Purpose of my design:To ask the students to do these two tasks will make the Ss predict the story of this passage. As a result, it will deepen Ss’ memory of this story because they will have their own understanding of this story.Step 3. While-readingTask 1. (Individual work _____min)Skimming: ask students to skim the text and the main ideas of each paragraph in this passage. Please read it quickly and then match the sentences with the letters.Task 2. (Individual work _____min)Scanning: read the text quickly and decide the whether the following statements are true or false and give reasons.Task 3. (Pair work _____min)Listen to the tape and fill in the banks. Then read the paragraph with expression to your partner.Task4 (individual work min)Listen to the tape again and write down the main idea in one sentence.Purpose of my design: Enable students to understand the given material better by using different reading skills. And proper competition can arouse the Ss’ interest in English learning. “Task-based” teaching method is used here todevelop the Ss’ ability of communication and also their ability of co-operation will be well trainedStep 4. Post-readingTask 1. (Individual work, pair work, group work, class work; _____min)Discussion (group of 4):1. If you were Hippomenes, would you run against Atlanta?2. Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? Why or why not?Step 5. HomeworkPlease read the story again carefully after class and imagine: What will happen during the race between Hippomenes and Atlanta? Who do you think will win the race? Do you think Atlanta would marry Hippomenes? Write an end for the story with thses questions.Purpose of my design: Homework is so important and necessary for to master the knowledge they learned after class. It will check whether the Ss achieve the teaching aims.Part 5 Blackboard design
人教版高中英语必修3Astronomy the science of the stars说课稿3篇
Step 2 Pre-listeningAfter students finish their discussion, I will show a picture of Newton and ask them: Who is him? What is he famous for? Could you find out some words to describe him? Maybe students will answer that he is genius for his finding of theGravitation, making a great contribution to the progress of human being. At that time I will show another two pictures of Einstein and Hawking, letting students guess who they are and write down their idea about the Gravitation. For I have arranged them to search more information about the gravity before this class, Students have beenfamiliar with the topic and will not be afraid about this abstract conception, which is helpful for their listening.Step 3 While-listeningIn this step, students will be required to listen the material for three times. The first and listening is extensive listening and the second and third listening is intensive listening. In the first time, They are required to listen a material including Part 1 and Part 2 and choose the best summary of the listening text. After they choose the right answer, They also need work in group to explain what is wrong with the others. Then I will make a conclusion that we should pay attention to the first paragraph and last paragraph and some keys to get the main idea. By doing this, their capacity of generalization will have a great improvement.Before the second listening, I will ask students to scan the blank on the power point quickly and ask them to note down some key words .Then ask them to listen to the Part 1again and fill the first column of the chart. Maybe some students just show the ideas of these three scientists an still can’t catch their development of gravity. Therefore, I will ask them to listen to Part 2 again and fill in the rest. After finish the listening, I will give them ten minutes to discuss with their partner. I will also guidethem to improve their answers when they discuss with others.
人教版高中英语必修2Wildlife Protection说课稿3篇
When it comes to the students’ studying methods, I'd like to introduce my Ss first. The Ss have a good command of basic language points. They’re interested in learning English, and they take an active part in English class, so they will have fun in autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning. I will just serve as a guide, showing them the way to explore how to make more progress in their English learning.Now it’s time for the most important stage of this lesson. My teaching procedures are arranged as follows:Step1.Leading-in (3 minute)Play a video of a wide variety of wildlife to introduce my topic. Step2. Speaking (12 minutes)We will use our textbook Page25. Let the Ss fast read the short paragraph to warm up. Ask them to talk about the report on some endangered wildlife in China with the dialogue patterns on the screen. Lastly, I will invite some groups to demonstrate their dialogues about saving wildlife in China.Step3.English play (3 minutes)Watch another video in praise of their excellent performance just now. It’s about Jack Chen’s（成龙）and Yang Ziqiong’s wildlife protection.Step4. Listening (twice 13 minutes)This time, I’ll ask the Ss to fill in the blanks of the monologue of the 2 movie stars above. Step5.Discussion (3 minutes)Which would you like to choose to wear, clothes made of cotton, artificial leather or animal skins? Why ?Step6. Summary (3 minutes)1. If there were no wildlife, there wouldn’t exist human beings. If the buying stops, the killing can, too.2. Animals are our friends. To love animals is to love ourselves. Stop hunting, killing and destroying wildlife.3. Let’s live in harmony with all the living things in the world. Step7. Music appreciation (3 minutes)Let the Ss appreciate the song Earth Song by Michael Jackson. Last but not the least, I will show you my blackboard design.
人教版高中英语必修3The million pound bank note说课稿3篇
在接下来的细读环节，我套用了高考对阅读理解的考查方式设置了5个问题，分别为三个推理判断题，一个细节题和一个主旨大意题。学生需要对文章的内容进行分析、归纳、推理、猜测等高级思维活动才能做出正确的回答。【设计意图】这一过程是对学生进行细读的训练，培养学生获取特定信息和挖掘文章深层次信息的能力。第三环节:Intensive-reading (精读) 15′第三个环节精读，既是最重要的环节，也是突破本课重难点的关键。首先，让学生思考剧本中人物看到百万英镑前后的态度发生了怎样的变化。其次，让学生仔细阅读文章，找出可以表现人物态度变化的具体的语言和动作。最后，让学生总结人物的态度发生变化的根本原因是什么，从而引出Money Talks, 供学生思考。【设计意图】通过一系列的活动培养学生学习从人物的语言和动作探究人物的心理，使学生进一步体会戏剧语言的魅力，从而对文章背后所反映的社会问题进行思考，也为下一步的讨论环节做好铺垫。
人教版高中英语必修5First aid说课稿6篇
In this class, I have 3 teaching aims, that is, knowledge aims, ability aims and emotion aims.1) Knowledge-Teach students new words and expressions, such as temporary, bleed,sprain choke, first aid, fall ill and so on.-Enable students to have a better understanding for some basic knowledge of first aid.2) Ability-Train students’ speaking, reading and writing abilities by different teaching activities, such as skimming, comprehending, team work, role play, retelling and writing.-Develop students’ reading strategy on how to move general idea to specific information.3) Emotion-Promote students’ awareness of giving first aid.- Cultivate students’ creativities.Then let’s come to my teaching methods and activities.III. Teaching methods and activities:To achieve different teaching aims, various kinds of teaching methods and activities will be adopted throughout this period, such as TBL (task-based learning), skimming, team work, brainstorm and others, which can offer students opportunities to fulfill tasks in which they can use language to achieve a specific outcome.IV. Teaching aids:Computer and blackboardV. Teaching important points:1) Make students have a clear mind for the structure of the text.2) Help students understand the theme of the text.VI. Teaching difficulties:1) So many new words may affect students’ understanding.2) How to get students to know about the functions of the skin and thecauses, characteristics and treatments for different degree burns,and the knowledge about giving first aid. VII. Blackboard design:
人教版高中英语必修5Life in the Future说课稿5篇
Good afternoon, everyone. It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you. The content of my lesson is Senior English for China Book5 Unit 3 Life in the Future. I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from six parts: Analysis of the teaching material, Analysis of the students, Teaching aims and important and difficult points, Teaching methods and aids, Teaching procedures, and Blackboard design. First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Analysis of the Teaching Material:This unit is about what human beings’ life will be like in about one thousand years. By studying of this unit, we’ll Enable the students to know the changes in humans’ life and some new inventions bringing about the change and develop the interest in science. This lesson plays an important part in the English teaching in this unit. This is an important lesson in Book Five. From this lesson, it starts asking the Ss to grasp contents of each passage. Therefore, this lesson is in the important position of the teaching material. If the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.Part 2 Analysis of the SsAs Senior2 Ss, they are at different levels of English fluency, some of them have lost interest in English. So during the lesson, I arrange a variety of activities to let all of them join in to attract their interest and let them be confident and taste the joy of success.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Discovering Useful Structure教案二
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:温故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1．(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system．2．(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack，．．．3．(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge)．Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:过去分词作定语时的意义1．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last．我们的老师看着我们做实验，最后给了我们一个满意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon．会上提出的计划将很快被执行。2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard．
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Reading and Thinking教案二
Step 5 While reading---Task 3Read the text again and answer the following questions.Q1: How many countries does the UK consist of ?4 Q2: What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Q3: Which two were the first to be joined together ?England and WalesQ4: What are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country ?The first one is to help you understand more about the country and its traditions.The second one is to make visiting it more enjoyable.Q5: What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history ?Supportive/positiveStep 6 Post reading---Retell the textThe United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)_____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (2) __________(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19 th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland (3) ______ (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the (4)_________(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries (5)__________ belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles (6)_________(build) all around England and made changes (7)__________ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more (8)_________(enjoy). The capital city London is (9)___ ancient port city that has a history (10)______(date) back to Roman times. 1. what 2.was joined 3.broke 4.shortened 5.that 6. built 7.to 8.enjoyable 9.an 10.dating Step 6 Homework
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Listening＆Speaking＆Talking教案二
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about "sharing views on historical sites". Through listening to a dialogue between Chinese and foreign students on the way to the Confucius Temple, students can understand their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts, so as to realize and think about the profound influence of Confucius and his thoughts on Chinese historical tradition. At the same time, the dialogue naturally integrates English idioms and mentions Shakespeare, the British playwright, so as to provide language materials and context for students to understand English idioms and related cultural allusions, as well as to compare Chinese and foreign cultures, which is helpful for students to understand and express the language such as history, tradition, culture and custom significant impact.Text analysis: listening text is a dialogue between a British student and a Chinese student when he goes to the Confucius Temple. When William, a British student, visited the Confucius Temple, he asked Xiao Kong, a Chinese student, for directions. Xiao Kong was just going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, so they went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. From the perspective of foreign tourists, this paper describes their thoughts on Confucius, the great son of Confucius, who had a profound impact on Chinese history and cultural tradition, and his education.Listening and Talking introduces a visit to a historic tourist destination. Tourism is a common way to understand a country's history, culture, and customs and so on. Students listen to the dialogue between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel Usher, and Paul, a backpacker, to learn about Pingyao's famous historical and cultural attractions and Paul's travel experience and experience as a foreign tourist.
人教版高中语文必修3《马嵬（其二）》教案2篇
结合历史自古以来，江山美人历来都是引无数英雄豪杰竞折腰的，如果说英雄选择了美人却丢了江山，把所有罪名都归结于“女人是祸水”。但是，纣王无道，和有了妲己有必然的联系吗？有人说妲己坏透了，坏透了的妲己如果不是取得纣王的信任是坏不起来的，纣王听信了妲己的谗言，听与不听决定权在纣王，而不在妲己。强势永远在纣王一边。再来看看西施和杨贵妃：西施是作为越国贡献给吴国的供品来到吴王夫差的身边的，杨贵妃更是先是李隆基的儿媳妇被看中而得宠的。所以，西施和杨贵妃这两个可怜的女人根本没有自己的独立选择，没有独立的爱情，如果没有西施，就会有南施，或北施；如果没有杨贵妃，就会有李贵妃，王贵妃，总之什么施，什么妃是不能少的，因为那是吴王和李隆基的需要。