教学目标: 一、了解车的类型、结构、功能等,并学会运用多种媒材制作造型美观的车。 二、掌握制作车的基本方法。 三、在实践操作中感受用不同大小、不同形状,不同质地的材料制作车的乐趣和成就感。 四、训练学生积极地动手、动脑,主动参与实践与创造,养成善于思考、细心观察的好习惯,培养协作精神。 教学重点:利用生活中显而易见的材料,制作汽车。 教学难点:车型设计新颖美观,结构合理。 教师用具:电教媒体,教学课件,汽车范作,剪刀,双面胶等。学生用具:自备的制作汽车的各种材料(如,塑料瓶,易拉罐,各种蔬菜、瓜果,橡胶泥,剪刀,小刀,钻子,牙签,旧鞋,袜子,玩具赛车车轮等。) 教学过程: 一、开门见山,明确目标 1、欣赏萝卜汽车和拖鞋汽车,并分析其制作材料的特殊性。 2、板书课题。 二、交流讨论,呈现问题 1、提出问题,学生讨论:你会选用哪些材料,制作汽车的哪个部分呢? 2、师生互动探讨:恰当、巧妙地选材。(了解学生的创作想法与思路,教师及时予以引导。)
结束语:怀才不遇的柳宗元,他像陶渊明一样“采菊东篱下,悠然见南山”,也像吴均一样“从流飘荡,任意东西”,面对“凄神寒骨,悄怆幽邃”的小石潭,他选择“记之而去”,这其实体现的是柳宗元的人生态度。他有着高贵的灵魂,选择了自己想要的人生。在柳宗元身上,我们看到了古代圣贤在人生困顿之时坚守的济世情怀,那么我们又该如何实现人生的价值呢?这是我们要认真思考的一个人生命题。【设计意图】本环节通过抓住景物特点,帮助学生揣摩分析作者情感,体会寓情于景的特点。并通过插入作者的相关背景,引导学生准确把握作者心情由乐而悲的缘由,依据文本,具体深入而非概念化地理解作者“悲”的由来。三、存储总结1.师小结山水游记的写法(1)合理安排写景方法。如移步换景、定点观察等。(2)细致生动地描绘游览过程中所看到的主要景物,突出其特点。(3)巧妙地运用多种修辞手法、描写手法,使语言生动优美,富于变化。(4)融情于景,情景交融。2.推荐阅读课后阅读“永州八记”中的其他篇目。
一、学校基本情况 **小学位于北塔区**洲办事处磨石社区,毗邻217省道,地理位置优越,交通便利,是一所省级合格学校。学校创办于1998年9月,由原资洲小学、新农小学、胜利小学三校合一改建而成。我校占地面积约15210平方米,建筑面积5550平方米,生均2.25平方米,绿化面积3160平方米。按照办学条件标准化要求,学校建成了仪器室、图书室、音乐室、心理咨询室、体育器材室、计算机室、多媒体教室等。学校现有48个教学班,在编教师104人,学历全部达标,专业结构配置基本合理。在校学生2442名,入学率、巩固率、普及率均达100%。校园布局合理,功能区划分清晰。
2、初步培养观察力和动手能力,萌发对科学活动的兴趣。 3、养成自己整理鞋子的良好习惯。 重点:按鞋子的大小、颜色、款式等特点进行配对。 难点:寻找鞋底的秘密,特别是形状:两头大中间向里凹,但两只鞋子的朝向是相反的。 二、活动准备: 1、与幼儿人数相近的大小、颜色、款式各异的鞋子散落放在鞋架上,用布先遮起来,人手一张白纸。 2 、欢快的音乐一段。 3、半圆形的座位安排,中间留有空地,便于活动。 三、活动过程 (一)奇怪的鞋子 1、教师以故事的形式引出:娃娃家里的宝宝呀,特别爱漂亮,她每天都要换一双新鞋子,所以她的鞋子特别多,最后,连她自己都分不清哪两只是一双了,有一天他穿了一双很特别的鞋子,一只是大的红鞋子,一只是小一点儿的花鞋子(教师边讲边出示两只鞋子),可是这一天,她非常不开心,你们知道她为什么不开心吗?(幼儿猜测,引导幼儿发现两只鞋子的不同) 2、教师小结:两只大小不同、形状不同、颜色也不一样的鞋子不是一双,所以穿的人当然就不舒服了。 (二)我的鞋子 1、师:那我们穿的鞋子是怎样的,它有什么特别的地方呢? 2、引导幼儿观察、比较自己脚上的鞋子,鼓励幼儿大胆地说说自己鞋子的特别之处。(着重从鞋子的外型、颜色、大小等特点来观察) 3、师:我们穿的鞋子的大小相同,颜色一样,款式也一模一样。除了这些秘密外,它还有什么特别的地方呢?
从《诗经》的现实主义到屈原的浪漫主义,是中国诗歌发展的一个里程碑。屈原的骚体诗,依诗取兴,引类譬喻,继承发展了《诗经》的比兴传统。《诗经》的比兴较为单纯,而《楚辞》的比兴具有象征的特质,往往成为一个形象的系统。《离骚》中香草美人的比兴就是范例。楚地本是泽乡山国,其间颇有叠波旷宇、崇山秀岭,这些江山的光怪之气足以摇荡心灵、催发丽辞伟句。但骚体诗已冲破《诗经》四言诗的固定格式,句式加长而灵活,篇章放大而严密,诗采绚丽而贴切,是《诗经》之后的一次诗体大解放。有人说,中国历代诗“莫不同祖风骚”,足见其对后代诗歌的影响。先秦时代,《诗经》与《楚辞》双峰并峙,是中国诗史上现实主义与浪漫主义的两座巍然屹立的坐标。
1.本文由“不得极夫游之乐”生发出“尽吾志”的观点,又由“仆碑”生发出“深思慎取”的观点,这两个观点彼此有联系吗?作者游褒禅山,本来是一次平常的游历活动,但却从中悟出了人生哲理──从前洞后洞游人的多少悟出“夷以近,则游者众;险以远,则至者少”,从“入之愈深,其进愈难,而其见愈奇”悟出“而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观,常在于险远”;由此再引申一步,就得出了“非有志者不能至”的结论。然后将这次游山而未能“极夫游之乐”的教训升华到理论上来,具体分析了“至”的几个条件,最后得出“尽吾志”的观点──这正是“求思之深而无不在”的结果。由此可见,“尽吾志”的观点跟“深思慎取”的观点是有联系的:“尽吾志”的观点是在“深思慎取”的基础上产生的;有了这个观点,又能反过来促使人们“深思慎取”,二者是相辅相成的。
客观世界中的各种各样的运动变化现象均可表现为变量间的对应关系,这种关系常常可用函数模型来描述,并且通过研究函数模型就可以把我相应的运动变化规律.课程目标1、能够找出简单实际问题中的函数关系式,初步体会应用一次函数、二次函数、幂函数、分段函数模型解决实际问题; 2、感受运用函数概念建立模型的过程和方法,体会一次函数、二次函数、幂函数、分段函数模型在数学和其他学科中的重要性. 数学学科素养1.数学抽象:总结函数模型; 2.逻辑推理:找出简单实际问题中的函数关系式,根据题干信息写出分段函数; 3.数学运算:结合函数图象或其单调性来求最值. ; 4.数据分析:二次函数通过对称轴和定义域区间求最优问题; 5.数学建模:在具体问题情境中,运用数形结合思想,将自然语言用数学表达式表示出来。 重点:运用一次函数、二次函数、幂函数、分段函数模型的处理实际问题;难点:运用函数思想理解和处理现实生活和社会中的简单问题.
1、知识与能力:(1)识记:20 世纪 50 ~70 年代国家干预经济的政策、 70年代的经济“滞胀”“混合经济”;福利国家;第三产业的蓬勃发展;“新经济”的出现;(2)理解当代资本主义的新变化的实质是资本主义的自我扬弃,是在资本主义内部的自我改善,是资本主义生产关系的自我调整;(3)掌握以美国为代表的主要资本主义国家在战后的经济发展历程,分析各国经济发展的共同原因。2、过程与方法:(1)引导学生利用教材和相关史料,培养归纳、再现历史事件的能力,提高学生的历史思维能力;通过讨论提高学生的思辨能力,培养学生全面客观地分析问题的思维方式。(2)学生通过观察1977年发达国家国有经济比重表,懂得提取有效信息、分析数据的能力;(3)学生通过思考讨论西方福利制度的利弊,培养全面、客观分析和比较历史现象,辩证地观察和分析历史问题的能力。
知识与技能目标:1. 能正确说出三元一次方程(组)及其解的概念,能正确判别一组数是否是三元一次方程(组)的解;2. 会根据实际问题列出简单的三元一次方程或三元一次方程组。过程与方法目标:1. 通过加深对概念的理解,提高对“元”和“次”的认识。2. 能够逐步培养类比分析和归纳概括的能力,了解辩证统一的思想。情感态度与价值观目标:通过对实际问题的分析,使学生进一步体会方程是刻画现实世界的有效数学模型,培养学生良好的数学应用意识。
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
2.在操作活动中,努力学会独立完成制作正方体的任务。 3.体验参与数学活动的快乐。 活动准备: 教具:正方体 正方形学具:《幼儿用书》各种长方体及正方体的物品 活动过程: 一、初步认识正方体 师:老师这有一个大魔方,请你看一看它是什么形状的? 幼:正方形(正方体)教师把正方形和正方体进行比较。 (1)师:请你看一看这个魔方的面是什么形状的?(正方形),所有的面都是正方形吗?
活动准备: 1、经验准备:幼儿有看图列组成式的经验,学习过6以内各数的加减和7的组成。 2、物质准备: , ——教具:图片一张(上面画7只猴子,其中1只小猴,6只大猴;2只猴子在树上,5只猴子在草地上;3只猴子在吃香蕉,4只在吃苹果。) ——学具:《幼儿用书》(P11、12、13页),幼儿人手一支笔。活动过程: 1、看猴子去。 ——教师:还记得《7只小猴去旅行》的故事吗?小猴们旅行回来了,我们去看看它们吧。 ——教师(出示图片):小猴在哪里?它们都在干什么? ——请幼儿说一说每个小猴子的位置,以及它们正在做什么?如:1只小猴子,6只大猴子………
4.已知△ABC三个顶点坐标A(-1,3),B(-3,0),C(1,2),求△ABC的面积S.【解析】由直线方程的两点式得直线BC的方程为 = ,即x-2y+3=0,由两点间距离公式得|BC|= ,点A到BC的距离为d,即为BC边上的高,d= ,所以S= |BC|·d= ×2 × =4,即△ABC的面积为4.5.已知直线l经过点P(0,2),且A(1,1),B(-3,1)两点到直线l的距离相等,求直线l的方程.解:(方法一)∵点A(1,1)与B(-3,1)到y轴的距离不相等,∴直线l的斜率存在,设为k.又直线l在y轴上的截距为2,则直线l的方程为y=kx+2,即kx-y+2=0.由点A(1,1)与B(-3,1)到直线l的距离相等,∴直线l的方程是y=2或x-y+2=0.得("|" k"-" 1+2"|" )/√(k^2+1)=("|-" 3k"-" 1+2"|" )/√(k^2+1),解得k=0或k=1.(方法二)当直线l过线段AB的中点时,A,B两点到直线l的距离相等.∵AB的中点是(-1,1),又直线l过点P(0,2),∴直线l的方程是x-y+2=0.当直线l∥AB时,A,B两点到直线l的距离相等.∵直线AB的斜率为0,∴直线l的斜率为0,∴直线l的方程为y=2.综上所述,满足条件的直线l的方程是x-y+2=0或y=2.
一、情境导学在一条笔直的公路同侧有两个大型小区,现在计划在公路上某处建一个公交站点C,以方便居住在两个小区住户的出行.如何选址能使站点到两个小区的距离之和最小?二、探究新知问题1.在数轴上已知两点A、B,如何求A、B两点间的距离?提示:|AB|=|xA-xB|.问题2:在平面直角坐标系中能否利用数轴上两点间的距离求出任意两点间距离?探究.当x1≠x2,y1≠y2时,|P1P2|=?请简单说明理由.提示:可以,构造直角三角形利用勾股定理求解.答案:如图,在Rt △P1QP2中,|P1P2|2=|P1Q|2+|QP2|2,所以|P1P2|=?x2-x1?2+?y2-y1?2.即两点P1(x1,y1),P2(x2,y2)间的距离|P1P2|=?x2-x1?2+?y2-y1?2.你还能用其它方法证明这个公式吗?2.两点间距离公式的理解(1)此公式与两点的先后顺序无关,也就是说公式也可写成|P1P2|=?x2-x1?2+?y2-y1?2.(2)当直线P1P2平行于x轴时,|P1P2|=|x2-x1|.当直线P1P2平行于y轴时,|P1P2|=|y2-y1|.
(2)l的倾斜角为90°,即l平行于y轴,所以m+1=2m,得m=1.延伸探究1 本例条件不变,试求直线l的倾斜角为锐角时实数m的取值范围.解:由题意知(m"-" 1"-" 1)/(m+1"-" 2m)>0,解得1<m<2.延伸探究2 若将本例中的“N(2m,1)”改为“N(3m,2m)”,其他条件不变,结果如何?解:(1)由题意知(m"-" 1"-" 2m)/(m+1"-" 3m)=1,解得m=2.(2)由题意知m+1=3m,解得m=1/2.直线斜率的计算方法(1)判断两点的横坐标是否相等,若相等,则直线的斜率不存在.(2)若两点的横坐标不相等,则可以用斜率公式k=(y_2 "-" y_1)/(x_2 "-" x_1 )(其中x1≠x2)进行计算.金题典例 光线从点A(2,1)射到y轴上的点Q,经y轴反射后过点B(4,3),试求点Q的坐标及入射光线的斜率.解:(方法1)设Q(0,y),则由题意得kQA=-kQB.∵kQA=(1"-" y)/2,kQB=(3"-" y)/4,∴(1"-" y)/2=-(3"-" y)/4.解得y=5/3,即点Q的坐标为 0,5/3 ,∴k入=kQA=(1"-" y)/2=-1/3.(方法2)设Q(0,y),如图,点B(4,3)关于y轴的对称点为B'(-4,3), kAB'=(1"-" 3)/(2+4)=-1/3,由题意得,A、Q、B'三点共线.从而入射光线的斜率为kAQ=kAB'=-1/3.所以,有(1"-" y)/2=(1"-" 3)/(2+4),解得y=5/3,点Q的坐标为(0,5/3).
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