这次大赛我们看到了启发讲授式,合作探究式,情景体验式,信息技术与学科教学整合式等多种教学方法,各有所长,也都发挥了各自不同的教学作用。重庆的李静老师在讲《文化创新的途径》这课中,从一个大家都非常关注的有些争议的张艺谋导演的雅典奥运会闭幕式上8分钟的表演的品评与思辩入手,学生非常兴奋,又到2008年北京奥运会开幕式的点火和文艺演出的创新设计,教学过程中既有学生的现场调查,又有充分发挥学生想象力的小组合作探究,还有小组间彼此的评价。在教学方式的设计上既有体验式,又有合作探究式,还有教师的启发讲授,多种教学方式的整合提高了课堂教学的整体效益。最后还要求学生把他们的设计通过E-mail等方式发给北京奥运会组委会,让学生非常兴奋。”
(三)课堂总结、点评 本节内容讲述了价格变动对人们生活、生产的影响作用,主要知识框架如下:(1)、价格变动会影响人们的消费需求,商品价格上涨,人需求就减少,反之,则增大。价格变动对不同商品需求影响程度是不一样的,对生活必需品的需求量影响较小,对高档耐用品的需求量影响较大。相关商品价格变动对消费需求的影响不同,某种商品价格上涨,就会减少需求量,其替代品需求量增加,其互补品需求量则减少。(2)、价格变化也会影响生产经营,价格变动会调节生产,刺激生产者改进技术,提高劳动生产率,促使生产者生产适销对路的高质量产品。★课余作业 运用所学知识说明,价格变动为什么会促使生产者提高劳动生产率?★教学体会 本节学习内容,教学中注意多引用生活、市场中的实际例子,让学生在具体、感性材料中,感悟其中包含的经济学道理,学会独立分析,切忌机械记忆。
教师总结:社会主义市场经济是使市场在国家宏观调控下起基础性配置作用的经济,充分发挥市场基础性调节作用,就必须主要靠经济手段、法律手段,而不是行政手段。(三)课堂总结、点评这节课我们重点学习了社会主义市场经济的有关知识,知道了社会主义市场经济的基本特征,以及国家宏观调控的含义、目标和主要手段。这对于我们在经济生活中正确地认识我国市场经济的性质和作用,理解国家宏观调控的措施及意义,增强社会主义优越感和民族自强意识,自觉投身现代化建设等将有重大指导作用。★课余作业 讨论:联系经济生活中国家宏观调控的实例,讨论应如何认识和理解国家各种宏观调控手段的综合运用,对国民经济发展的意义。★教学体会 本节内容与学生生活实际联系密切,在学习中应该多引入日常生产、生活中常见的一些宏观调控实例,让学生去深刻理解、把握宏观调控手段及其作用。
教师点拨:这则材料说明,市场调节有其局限性,单纯的市场调节具有自发性、盲目性、滞后性等缺点。市场调节不是万能的。社会生活中有很多领域和产品不能用市场来调节,如国防、治安、消防等产品的供给问题,枪支弹药、麻醉品等都不能让市场来调节。市场调节具有自发性、盲目性、滞后性。自发性:由于市场调节是在价值规律自发作用下进行的,在利益驱动下会产生一些违反市场原则的行为,如制造、销售假冒伪劣商品,大量排放废水、废气破坏环境,窃取他人智力成果等等。盲目性:由于人们不可能完全掌握生产各方面信息及其变化趋势,致使决策带有一定的盲目性。如某种商品有利可图则一哄而上,反之则一哄而退,从而造成资源浪费和消费得不到充分满足。滞后性:由于市场价格的形成和传递有一个过程,一旦传递到生产经营者手中进行生产调整,就有一个时间差,致使市场调节带有滞后性,成为一种事后调节。
(3)骗税 骗税是指纳税人用欺骗手段获得国家税收优惠的行为。教师活动:请同学们看教材87页“相关链接”,了解骗税行为的特点和法律处罚规定。学生活动:认真阅读,积极思考。(4)抗税 抗税是指纳税人以暴力、威胁等手段,拒不缴纳税款的行为。教师活动:请同学们看教材87页“相关链接”,了解骗税行为的特点和法律处罚规定。学生活动:认真阅读,积极思考。3、公民要增强税收监督意识教师活动:请同学们看教材88页“相关链接”,思考公民如何维护国家税收工作?学生活动:认真阅读,积极思考。教师总结:公民是国家税收的最终负税人,应自觉增强税收监督意识,以主人翁的态度积极监督国家公职人员及公共权力的行为,关注税收的征收和使用情况,对他们的违法行为进行批评、检举,维护国家利益和自身利益。
思考:在我们今天的生活中,应该如何认识“孝”道?(“孝”为中华民族传统道德之本。在封建社会,“孝”被异化为封建统治阶级统治人民、维系政权的一个最重要的工具;一切听命于“一家之长”的观念,使人们往往屈从于独断的权威或传统的家庭礼教,失去了独立的人格。另一方面,“孝”从它本身意义出发,所包含的尊老、敬老、养老,以及亲亲、爱人、爱国,正是中华民族的一大传统美德,是中华民族家庭和睦、邻里相亲、社会稳定的重要内在因素。因此,孝道已被列为中华传统道德教育的重要内容。)所以我们要辩证地认识传统文化在现实生活中的作用,做到“取其精华,去其糟粕;批判继承,古为今用”。对于传统文化中符合社会发展要求的、积极的、向上的内容,应该继续保持和发扬。对于传统文化中不符合社会发展要求的、落后的、腐朽的东西,必须“移风易俗”,自觉地加以改造或剔除。2、正确对待传统文化的意义
代中国人民的四大发明,古希腊人的哲学与艺术成就,占代印度人民在宗教和数学方面的成就等,都以其鲜明的民族特色}:富J,世界文化,共同推动了人类社会的进步和发展。总之,尊重和保存不同的民族文化,是人类生存和发展的基础。◇课堂探究:(1)对那些面临失传的占老民族文化,有人反对进行抢救和保护,认为应当顺其自然地让它们被历史淘汰。你同意这种看法吗?(2)你认为,我们还有哪些独特的文化形式可以申报人类口述和非物质遗产?◇探究提示:(1)文化遗产是一个民族的“身份证”,从文化意义上标识出一个民族的个性和一个民族的历史记忆。文化遗产是人类社会发展的见证,是人类文明的重要载体。文化遗产体现着一个民族独特的思维方式和文化价值,是民族的根基,是历史的纪念碑。文化遗产既属于一个国家、一个民族,也是全人类的共同财富。文化遗产具有不可再生性的特点,所以对那些面临失传的古老民族文化,我们不能坐视不管,要进行及时有效地抢救和保护。
①含义:即国家管理形式,是国家政权的组织形式②政体的必要性和重要性A、行使职能B、维护其根本利益掌握国家政权的阶级为实现政治统治、行使社会管理职能,必然要采取某种形式组织政权机关。统治阶级为维护其根本利益,总是力求采用最有效的政权组织形式。3、国体与政体的关系(板书)(1)、政体的多样性(2)、国体与政体的关系①国体决定政体,并通过一定的政体来体现;政体体现国体,并服务于特定的国体。适当的政体能够巩固国体,不适当的政体会危害国体。补充:政体由国体决定并反映国体,国体是主要的方面。但是,政体也具有一定的独立性,影响它形成的因素主要有:历史条件、阶级力量对比、传统习惯、国际环境影响等。②专政政体国体与政体,即是国家制度中内容与形式两个方面(3)从国体、政体两个方面看民主制国家补充:专政即是主要依靠暴力实行的统治,它与民主相对立,属于国体的范畴,而专制则与法制相对立,属于政体的范畴。
一、教材分析我们使用的是人教版第四册《生活与哲学》教材,本框属于第四单元第十二课第一框题。其内容主要分两目,第一目主要介绍价值的含义、人是社会一切财富的创造者、人的价值在于创造价值和对社会的责任和贡献,以及对一个人的评价主要看他的贡献等内容。第二目主要介绍价值观的导向作用,内容包括价值观的含义、价值观对人们认识世界和改造世界的活动具有导向作用以及对人生道路的选择具有导向作用。二、教学目标知识目标:1、识记价值和价值观的基本含义;价值观的导向作用。2、理解人的价值是什么?如何评价人的价值。3、运用所学知识及相关哲学原理,分析物的价值和人的价值的 不同,从中加深对人的价值的理解评论分析为什么对一个人的评价要看他的贡献,而不是索取了多少。
(5)be to do (可以和具体的时间状语连用)①表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。②用于时间、条件状语从句中,表示“如果要……,想要……”。The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow. 明天学生们将在学校大门口集会。 If you are to succeed, you must work as hard as possible. 如果你想要成功,比必须努力工作。(6)be about to do (不与具体的时间状语连用) 表示即将要发生的动作。We are about to start. 我们就要出发了。The new school year is about to begin. 新学年开学在即。(7)一般现在时表将来①表示按时间表规定将要发生的动作。常限于表示位置移动的短暂性动词。②在时间、条件或让步状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来。Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes off at 18:20. 你看看时刻表,快点!4026次航班的起飞时间是下午6点20分。Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour. 简很匆忙,因为去机场的火车半小时后出发。
①标题——标题应当简洁明了。②导语——导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话,简明扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。③主体——主体是消息的主要部分,要用充足的事实表现主题,对导语的内容作进一步的展开和阐述。④结束语——通常是对全文内容进行概括性的总结。3. 新闻报道增分句子(1)陈述事实常用的句型:①A terrible storm hit/struck ... , killing ..②It was a cool autumn night when the earthquake happened. A large number of buildings fell down and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people homeless.地震发生在一个凉爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌,道路被毁,许多人无家可归。③With the help of the rescue team, people who were the trapped in the flood were saved.在救援队的帮助下,困在洪水中的人们得救了。(2)陈述观点常用的句型:①Clearly/Obviously/In my opinion/It seemed that people were shocked.显然/在我看来/似乎人们震惊了。②The whole city was in ruins after the earthquake.地震后整个城市成了一片废墟。(3)揭示原因常用的句型:Because of/As a result of/Thanks to the help of the army, people who got injured were sent to the hospital immediately.
II Learn the technical terms-2.1. What can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and objective complement” in a sentence?2. What can be used as “adverbial” in a sentence?3. What can be used as “verb” in a sentence?Answers to questions 1-3:1. Nouns, pronouns and appellations can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and Objective Complement”. Besides, adjectives can be used as “Predicative and Objective Complement” in a sentence.2. Adverbs and prepositional phrases can be used as “Adverbial”.3. Verbs with actual meaning can be used as “Verb” in a sentence. Auxiliary verbs alone cannot be used as “Verb” in a sentence.III Learn to recognize the sentence structures.1. SV structure. For Example:(1) A bird flies.S V(2) A monkey jumps.S V(3) A fish swims.S V√ In SV structures, verbs are “intransitive verbs”.2. SVO structure. For Example:(1) A sheep eats grass.S V O(2) They like bananas.S V O(3) He wants candy.S V O√ In SVO structures, verbs are “transitive verbs”.3. SP structure. For Example:(1) This is great.S P (2) He looks well.S P (3) She became a teacher.S P √ In SP structures, Predicatives are formed by “link verbs” and “adjectives or nouns”.√ link verbs: be, become, grow, look, feel, taste, etc.4. SV IO DO structure. For Example:(1) He asked me a question.S V IO DO(2) Danny wrote me a letter.S V IO DO(3) Billy brought Sam a kite.S V IO DO√ In SV IO DO structures, the verbs are transitive and are followed by two objectives – pronouns or nouns as Indirect Objective, and nouns as Direct Objectives.
【教材分析】本节课是高中英语第一册的最后一个单元的阅读和思考部分,文章难度明显增加,体现在以下几个方面:文章题材是说明文,比较难理解;话题生疏,涉及到历史等知识;生词量增大,而且在语境中理解词汇的要求提高。面对这些,教师的难度和高度也要有所提升,通过探讨说明顺序,了解背景知识等帮助他们找到说明文阅读的方法。【教学目标与核心素养】1. 文化意识目标新课程中指出,文化意识是对中外文化的理解和对优秀文化的认同。文化意识的的培养有助于学生增加国家认同和家国情怀,成为有文明素养和社会责任感的人。我们这个单元很好体现了这一点,通过了解汉字书写的体系和发展,学生可以有一种文化自豪感,同时也能够帮助学生深入挖掘这篇文章,从而想到更多和中国文化相关的方面。2. 学习能力目标
教学目标知识目标:让学生更好理解如何恰当地写一个人的信息介绍,并能让学生熟练地使用一些写作技能。能力目标:培养学生的写作能力和团队协作能力。情感目标:提升学生对写作的兴趣。教学重难点 教学重点:如何能让学生更好地理解个人信息介绍。教学难点:如何能让学生通过适当地使用一些写作技能来写一篇较好的个人信息介绍。教学准备 多媒体、黑板、粉笔一、Pre-class1. Greetings2. Leading-inAsk students how to write a profile. What kinds of aspects should be included? The teacher asks students to discuss the topic with each other and put forward to much more ideas about the answer.二、While-class1. The teacher lets students to read the student profiles on Page 8 silently and then asks students to discuss the questions below.1. What is Ann like? How do you know?2. What are Thando’s hobbies?3. Where does Thando come from?4. What is Thando’s dream?5. What does “You will never see me without a book or a pen” mean?
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about an international youth cultural heritage protection project. More than 20 high school students from seven countries participated in the project. The reporter interviewed two participants Stephanie and Liu Bin. By listening to the text, students can understand the significance of cultural heritage protection, and teenagers can use their knowledge, combine their own interests and advantages, etc. to participate in the action of cultural heritage protection. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "Talk about history and culture". The listening text is a dialogue between two tourists and tour guides when they visit the Kremlin, red square and surrounding buildings. The dialogue focuses on the functional items of "starting a conversation", which is used to politely and appropriately attract the attention of the others, so as to smoothly start a conversation or start a new topic. The purpose of this section is to guide students to understand the history and current situation of Chinese and foreign cultural heritage in their own tourism experiences or from other people's tourism experiences, explore the historical and cultural values, and be able to express accurately and appropriately in oral communication.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to participate in cultural heritage protection activities.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I beg your pardon, but…” “Forgive me for asking, but…" and so on to start the conversation more politely and appropriately.
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(该动作在说话的瞬间未必正在进行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(说话时,并不一定正在进行)3.表示一种经常性的被动行为,常和always,constantly 等表示频度的副词连用,这种用法常常带有赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4.表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作(仅限于少数及物动词)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等动词与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时, 其中的介词不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2.可与部分情态动词连用,表示对正在发生的事情的推测。She may be being punished by her mother.3.有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4.某些表示“状态、心理活动、存在”等的动词,如have,want,need,love,一般不用现在进行时的被动语态,而常用一般现在时的被动语态。With the population increasing,more land is needed.5.“be+under/in+n.”可表示现在进行时的被动意义。My computer is under repair.=My computer is being repaired.
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.观察下列句子特点,总结共同点。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.
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