本节是新人教A版高中数学必修1第1章第1节第3部分的内容。在此之前,学生已学习了集合的含义以及集合与集合之间的基本关系,这为学习本节内容打下了基础。本节内容主要介绍集合的基本运算一并集、交集、补集。是对集合基木知识的深入研究。在此,通过适当的问题情境,使学生感受、认识并掌握集合的三种基本运算。本节内容是函数、方程、不等式的基础,在教材中起着承上启下的作用。本节内容是高中数学的主要内容,也是高考的对象,在实践中应用广泛,是高中学生必须掌握的重点。A.理解两个集合的并集与交集的含义,会求简单集合的交、并运算;B.理解补集的含义,会求给定子集的补集;C.能使用 图表示集合的关系及运算。 1.数学抽象:集合交集、并集、补集的含义;2.数学运算:集合的运算;3.直观想象:用 图、数轴表示集合的关系及运算。
集合的基本运算是人教版普通高中课程标准实验教科书,数学必修1第一章第三节的内容. 在此之前,学生已学习了集合的含义以及集合与集合之间的基本关系,这为学习本节内容打下了基础. 本节内容是函数、方程、不等式的基础,在教材中起着承上启下的作用. 本节内容是高中数学的主要内容,也是高考的对象,在实践中应用广泛,是高中学生必须掌握的重点.课程目标1. 理解两个集合的并集与交集的含义,能求两个集合的并集与交集;2. 理解全集和补集的含义,能求给定集合的补集; 3. 能使用Venn图表达集合的基本关系与基本运算.数学学科素养1.数学抽象:并集、交集、全集、补集含义的理解;2.逻辑推理:并集、交集及补集的性质的推导;3.数学运算:求 两个集合的并集、交集及补集,已知并集、交集及补集的性质求参数(参数的范围);4.数据分析:通过并集、交集及补集的性质列不等式组,此过程中重点关注端点是否含“=”及?问题;
第一节通过研究集合中元素的特点研究了元素与集合之间的关系及集合的表示方法,而本节重点通过研究元素得到两个集合之间的关系,尤其学生学完两个集合之间的关系后,一定让学生明确元素与集合、集合与集合之间的区别。课程目标1. 了解集合之间包含与相等的含义,能识别给定集合的子集.2. 理解子集.真子集的概念. 3. 能使用 图表达集合间的关系,体会直观图示对理解抽象概念的作用。数学学科素养1.数学抽象:子集和空集含义的理解;2.逻辑推理:子集、真子集、空集之间的联系与区别;3.数学运算:由集合间的关系求参数的范围,常见包含一元二次方程及其不等式和不等式组;4.数据分析:通过集合关系列不等式组, 此过程中重点关注端点是否含“=”及 问题;5.数学建模:用集合思想对实际生活中的对象进行判断与归类。
它位于三角函数与数学变换的结合点上,能较好反应三角函数及变换之间的内在联系和相互转换,本节课内容的地位体现在它的基础性上。作用体现在它的工具性上。前面学生已经掌握了两角和与差的正弦、余弦、正切公式以及二倍角公式,并能通过这些公式进行求值、化简、证明,虽然学生已经具备了一定的推理、运算能力,但在数学的应用意识与应用能力方面尚需进一步培养.课程目标1.能用二倍角公式推导出半角公式,体会三角恒等变换的基本思想方法,以及进行简单的应用. 2.了解三角恒等变换的特点、变换技巧,掌握三角恒等变换的基本思想方法. 3.能利用三角恒等变换的技巧进行三角函数式的化简、求值以及证明,进而进行简单的应用. 数学学科素养1.逻辑推理: 三角恒等式的证明; 2.数据分析:三角函数式的化简; 3.数学运算:三角函数式的求值.
本节内容是学生学习了任意角和弧度制,任意角的三角函数后,安排的一节继续深入学习内容,是求三角函数值、化简三角函数式、证明三角恒等式的基本工具,是整个三角函数知识的基础,在教材中起承上启下的作用。同时,它体现的数学思想与方法在整个中学数学学习中起重要作用。课程目标1.理解并掌握同角三角函数基本关系式的推导及应用.2.会利用同角三角函数的基本关系式进行化简、求值与恒等式证明.数学学科素养1.数学抽象:理解同角三角函数基本关系式;2.逻辑推理: “sin α±cos α”同“sin αcos α”间的关系;3.数学运算:利用同角三角函数的基本关系式进行化简、求值与恒等式证明重点:理解并掌握同角三角函数基本关系式的推导及应用; 难点:会利用同角三角函数的基本关系式进行化简、求值与恒等式证明.
本节课是新版教材人教A版普通高中课程标准实验教科书数学必修1第四章第4.4.3节《不同增长函数的差异》 是在学习了指数函数、对数函数和幂函数之后的对函数学习的一次梳理和总结。本节提出函数增长快慢的问题,通过函数图像及三个函数的性质,完成函数增长快慢的认识。既是对三种函数学习的总结,也为后续导数的学习做了铺垫。培养和发展学生数学直观、数学抽象、逻辑推理和数学建模的核心素养。1.了解指数函数、对数函数、幂函数 (一次函数) 的增长差异.2、经过探究对函数的图像观察,理解对数增长、直线上升、指数爆炸。培养学生观察问题、分析问题和归纳问题的思维能力以及数学交流能力;3、在认识函数增长差异的过程中,使学生学会认识事物的特殊性与一般性之间的关系,培养数学应用的意识,探索数学。 a.数学抽象:函数增长快慢的认识;b.逻辑推理:由特殊到一般的推理;
本节课是新版教材人教A版普通高中课程标准实验教科书数学必修1第四章第4.4.1节《对数函数的概念》。对数函数是高中数学在指数函数之后的重要初等函数之一。对数函数与指数函数联系密切,无论是研究的思想方法方法还是图像及性质,都有其共通之处。相较于指数函数,对数函数的图象亦有其独特的美感。学习中让学生体会在类比推理,感受图像的变化,认识变化的规律,这是提高学生直观想象能力的一个重要的过程。为之后学习数学提供了更多角度的分析方法。培养学生逻辑推理、数学直观、数学抽象、和数学建模的核心素养。1、理解对数函数的定义,会求对数函数的定义域;2、了解对数函数与指数函数之间的联系,培养学生观察问题、分析问题和归纳问题的思维能力以及数学交流能力;渗透类比等基本数学思想方法。3、在学习对数函数过程中,使学生学会认识事物的特殊性与一般性之间的关系,培养数学应用的意识,感受数学、理解数学、探索数学,提高学习数学的兴趣。
对数函数与指数函数是相通的,本节在已经学习指数函数的基础上通过实例总结归纳对数函数的概念,通过函数的形式与特征解决一些与对数函数有关的问题.课程目标1、通过实际问题了解对数函数的实际背景;2、掌握对数函数的概念,并会判断一些函数是否是对数函数. 数学学科素养1.数学抽象:对数函数的概念;2.逻辑推理:用待定系数法求函数解析式及解析值;3.数学运算:利用对数函数的概念求参数;4.数学建模:通过由抽象到具体,由具体到一般的思想总结对数函数概念.重点:理解对数函数的概念和意义;难点:理解对数函数的概念.教学方法:以学生为主体,采用诱思探究式教学,精讲多练。教学工具:多媒体。一、 情景导入我们已经研究了死亡生物体内碳14的含量y随死亡时间x的变化而衰减的规律.反过来,已知死亡生物体内碳14的含量,如何得知死亡了多长时间呢?进一步地,死亡时间t是碳14的含量y的函数吗?
本节课选自《普通高中课程标准实验教科书数学必修1本(A版)》的第五章的4.5.3函数模型的应用。函数模型及其应用是中学重要内容之一,又是数学与生活实践相互衔接的枢纽,特别在应用意识日益加深的今天,函数模型的应用实质是揭示了客观世界中量的相互依存有互有制约的关系,因而函数模型的应用举例有着不可替代的重要位置,又有重要的现实意义。本节课要求学生利用给定的函数模型或建立函数模型解决实际问题,并对给定的函数模型进行简单的分析评价,发展学生数学建模、数学直观、数学抽象、逻辑推理的核心素养。1. 能建立函数模型解决实际问题.2.了解拟合函数模型并解决实际问题.3.通过本节内容的学习,使学生认识函数模型的作用,提高学生数学建模,数据分析的能力. a.数学抽象:由实际问题建立函数模型;b.逻辑推理:选择合适的函数模型;c.数学运算:运用函数模型解决实际问题;
本节内容来自人教版高中数学必修一第一章第一节集合第二课时的内容。集合论是现代数学的一个重要基础,是一个具有独特地位的数学分支。高中数学课程是将集合作为一种语言来学习,在这里它是作为刻画函数概念的基础知识和必备工具。本小节内容是在学习了集合的含义、集合的表示方法以及元素与集合的属于关系的基础上,进一步学习集合与集合之间的关系,同时也是下一节学习集合间的基本运算的基础,因此本小节起着承上启下的关键作用.通过本节内容的学习,可以进一步帮助学生利用集合语言进行交流的能力,帮助学生养成自主学习、合作交流、归纳总结的学习习惯,培养学生从具体到抽象、从一般到特殊的数学思维能力,通过Venn图理解抽象概念,培养学生数形结合思想。
四、小结1.知识:如何采用两角和或差的正余弦公式进行合角,借助三角函数的相关性质求值.其中三角函数最值问题是对三角函数的概念、图像和性质,以及诱导公式、同角三角函数基本关系、和(差)角公式的综合应用,也是函数思想的具体体现. 如何科学的把实际问题转化成数学问题,如何选择自变量建立数学关系式;求解三角函数在某一区间的最值问题.2.思想:本节课通过由特殊到一般方式把关系式 化成 的形式,可以很好地培养学生探究、归纳、类比的能力. 通过探究如何选择自变量建立数学关系式,可以很好地培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力和应用意识,进一步培养学生的建模意识.五、作业1. 课时练 2. 预习下节课内容学生根据课堂学习,自主总结知识要点,及运用的思想方法。注意总结自己在学习中的易错点;
(4)“不论m取何实数,方程x2+2x-m=0都有实数根”是全称量词命题,其否定为“存在实数m0,使得方程x2+2x-m0=0没有实数根”,它是真命题.解题技巧:(含有一个量词的命题的否定方法)(1)一般地,写含有一个量词的命题的否定,首先要明确这个命题是全称量词命题还是存在量词命题,并找到其量词的位置及相应结论,然后把命题中的全称量词改成存在量词,存在量词改成全称量词,同时否定结论.(2)对于省略量词的命题,应先挖掘命题中隐含的量词,改写成含量词的完整形式,再依据规则来写出命题的否定.跟踪训练三3.写出下列命题的否定,并判断其真假:(1)p:?x∈R,x2-x+ ≥0;(2)q:所有的正方形都是矩形;(3)r:?x∈R,x2+3x+7≤0;(4)s:至少有一个实数x,使x3+1=0.【答案】见解析【解析】(1) p:?x∈R,x2-x+1/4<0.∵?x∈R,x2-x+1/4=(x"-" 1/2)^2≥0恒成立,∴ p是假命题.
由于三角函数是刻画周期变化现象的数学模型,这也是三角函数不同于其他类型函数的最重要的地方,而且对于周期函数,我们只要认识清楚它在一个周期的区间上的性质,那么它的性质也就完全清楚了,因此本节课利用单位圆中的三角函数的定义、三角函数值之间的内在联系性等来作图,从画出的图形中观察得出五个关键点,得到“五点法”画正弦函数、余弦函数的简图.课程目标1.掌握“五点法”画正弦曲线和余弦曲线的步骤和方法,能用“五点法”作出简单的正弦、余弦曲线.2.理解正弦曲线与余弦曲线之间的联系. 数学学科素养1.数学抽象:正弦曲线与余弦曲线的概念; 2.逻辑推理:正弦曲线与余弦曲线的联系; 3.直观想象:正弦函数余弦函数的图像; 4.数学运算:五点作图; 5.数学建模:通过正弦、余弦图象图像,解决不等式问题及零点问题,这正是数形结合思想方法的应用.
指数函数与幂函数是相通的,本节在已经学习幂函数的基础上通过实例总结归纳指数函数的概念,通过函数的三个特征解决一些与函数概念有关的问题.课程目标1、通过实际问题了解指数函数的实际背景;2、理解指数函数的概念和意义.数学学科素养1.数学抽象:指数函数的概念;2.逻辑推理:用待定系数法求函数解析式及解析值;3.数学运算:利用指数函数的概念求参数;4.数学建模:通过由抽象到具体,由具体到一般的思想总结指数函数概念.重点:理解指数函数的概念和意义;难点:理解指数函数的概念.教学方法:以学生为主体,采用诱思探究式教学,精讲多练。教学工具:多媒体。一、 情景导入在本章的开头,问题(1)中时间 与GDP值中的 ,请问这两个函数有什么共同特征.要求:让学生自由发言,教师不做判断。而是引导学生进一步观察.研探.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!