
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.” Due to the continuous deterioration of the living environment, a large number of wild animals are always facing the threat of endangered or extinction. Listening and speaking period enables students to understand the fact and reason why wild species are disappearing from the earth at an amazing speed, and realize that human beings ought to enhance the awareness of protecting wild species as soon as possible.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of " how to help wildlife in Ss’ neighborhood.". Now there are many volunteers who spontaneously protect wild animals, carry out various activities according to local conditions, and contribute their own strength to local animal protection with practical actions. Middle school students are also enthusiastic participants. They organize activities in their spare time, and take this opportunity to make friends, broaden their horizons, cultivate team spirit and communication skills. This section describes a bird watching activity organized by several middle school students of Bird watching Club. It aims to stimulate students' interest, improve their understanding of bird watching activities, and use the language structure of “being used for; in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that ” to express the purpose for communication and discussion.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of using visuals to predict content.2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I am concerned about…” “what do you know about the endangered animals in…" and so on to talk about one of the endangered animals.

This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?

This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:温故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:过去分词作定语时的意义1.及物动词的过去分词作定语,在语态上表示被动;在时间上,常表示动作已经发生或完成,有时也不表示时间性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我们的老师看着我们做实验,最后给了我们一个满意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.会上提出的计划将很快被执行。2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语,它不表示被动意义,只强调动作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.

Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.

choir memberspeople to run food stands people to sell festival ticketspeople to sell music CDspeople to set up equipmentmusical performersStep 2: Listen to the announcement again and answer the questions. ? 1. What kind of songs will Grace Davis sing at the festival?? 2. Who can try out as a performer?? 3. What can those who think they do not have musical talent do?? 4. How can students volunteer to take part?? Talking about preferences:? Would you prefer doing ..?? What would you prefer to do?? Would you rather do .... or ….?? What would you rather do?? I'd prefer .... to ..? I'd rather have ... than .. Step 3: Speaking ProjectWork in groups. Role-play the conversation or make a new one.? Debbie: Where have you been? You missed the announcement about the music festival.? John: I was at the doctor's office. Music festival?? Frank: Yes, it's going to be next month on the school sports field. John, you can play the piano. How about playing it at the festival?? John: Well, I'd rather play the violin. I can play Liang Zhu.? Frank: Wow! Sounds good. What about you, Debbie? ? Debbie: Actually, I don't have much musical ability. I'd prefer just to help out with the crowds.? Frank: You can sell tickets or work at a food stand.? John: So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money?? Debbie: Yes. All of the money will go to charity.

This lesson is about music. Students can classify the types of music through the instruments and its sound and can talk about their preferences about music, even join some activities and play a role in them according to their musical talents. On the basis, they are guided to use the languages to express their preferences and some plosive sounds and their rules.1. Classify the music types through the instruments and its sound.2. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons; talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and the rules.4. Join some activities and play a role in them according to the talents. 1. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons;2. talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and incomplete plosives and its rules.Step 1 Lead inPoint at the pictures on P50 and ask Q1: What are the people doing in the pictures below?Q2: What kind of music they are?Then play the MP3s one by oneStep 2 ListeningTask 1: A reporter from the school newspaper is interviewing students about music. Listen to the interviews. Draw lines between the words to make complete sentences. Some words will not be used.

The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?

【教学目标】知识目标:理解直线的点斜式方程、斜截式方程、横截距、纵截距的概念;掌握直线的点斜式方程、斜截式方程的确定.能力目标:通过求解直线的点斜式方程和斜截式方程,培养学生的数学思维能力与数形结合的数学思想.情感目标:通过学习直线的点斜式方程和斜截式方程,体会数形结合的直观感受.【教学重点】直线的点斜式方程、斜截式方程的确定.【教学难点】直线的点斜式方程、斜截式方程的确定.

【教学重点】直线的点斜式方程、斜截式方程的确定.【教学难点】直线的点斜式方程、斜截式方程的确定.【教学过程】1、对特殊三角函数进行巩固复习;表1 内特殊三角函数值 不存在图1 特殊三角形2、巩固复习直线的倾斜角和斜率相关内容;直线的倾斜角:,;直线的斜率: , ;设点为直线l上的任意两点,当时,

第7~10段,我们取得了初步的成就。先写毛泽东主席的号召,激励无数的航天人去实现千年梦想;接着写我们的计划,上天毕竟是一件天大的事情,不是谁一句话就能吹上去的,需要有周密的计划,这计划的第一步是研制火箭,成功了,而从毛主席发出号召开始到火箭成功发射才用了1年零9个月;又用了不到10年的时间中国的第一颗人造卫星又上了天,“宣告中国进入了航天时代”。由号召,到计划,到成功,一步一步写来,紧张的任务,紧凑的文章,娓娓道来,条理清晰。第11~13段,人造卫星上天了,下一步就是载人飞天,圆千年梦想。我们也做了大量的准备工作,一是航天材料、食品等的准备,一是航天员的准备,已经挑选了19位优秀的飞行员,他们是航天员的预备军。看来实现中国人的航天梦已为时不远了。可是在科学上是没有坦途的,由于多方面的原因,计划搁浅了,我们的飞天梦想“只能尘封在一张张构思草图中”,这是多么遗憾的事啊!

【教学意图】要了解中国传统文化,必须阅读古诗文名著名篇。但在中国文化形成过程中影响最大的是什么?可以说是儒家学说,包括《论语》这部经典。《论语》等书是读书人求仕做官的必修课本,是知识分子的思想言行基础,而且影响到整个社会生活,内容包括伦理道德、教育体制、民间习俗等方面的思想。因此,要了解中国传统文化,有必要读一读《论语》。【教学设计】因《论语》的年代已久远,对学生而言,要理解透彻文句是比较深奥困难的,因此必须在充分理解文意的基础上,对《论语》进行思想上的解读。可由教师从《论语》中概括出几点与生活、现实相关的要点,要求学生分组进行透彻的学习和领会,如“小人与君子”、“学习的方法”、“教育的理念”等等。〖教学重点、难点〗读《论语》知儒家思想。〖教学方法〗讲解启发、探究梳理、拓展延伸。

书法艺术的繁荣期,是从东汉开始的东汉时期出现了专门的书法理论著作,最早的书法理论提出者是东西汉之交的扬雄第一部书法理论专著是东汉时期崔瑗的《草书势》汉代书法家可分为两类:一类是汉隶书家,以蔡邕为代表一类是草书家,以杜度、崔瑗、张芝为代表,张芝被后人称之为“草圣”最能代表汉代书法特色的,莫过於是碑刻和简牍上的书法东汉碑刻林立,这一时期的碑刻,以汉隶刻之,字型方正,法度谨严、波磔分明此时隶书已登峰造极汉代创兴草书,草书的诞生,在书法艺术的发展史上有著重大意义它标志著书法开始成为一种能够高度自由的抒发情感,表现书法家个性的艺术草书的最初阶段是草隶,到了东汉时期,草隶进一步发展,形成了章草,后由张芝创立了今草,即草书

三、具体研习1、文章的哪些段落描写了故都的秋?郁达夫先生既然这么喜欢故都的秋,那么他选取了哪些画面来写故都的秋?(学生阅读圈点,教师引导学生找关键词、关键句。)明确:从3--11自然段。主要是5幅画面,第3段庭院静观(破屋秋色),第4段槐树落蕊(街头落蕊),第5段秋蝉残鸣,第6—10段闲话秋凉,第11段清秋佳果。2、故都的秋有什么特点?明确:清、静、悲凉。2、作者在对这些景具体的描绘中,是如何体现故都秋“清、静、悲凉”的特点的呢?(下面先请同学来诵读课文3——11段落,其他同学要眼耳手脑并用,一是圈出文中体现秋天色彩的词语,二是标出传递声响的物名。我们将从“秋色”和“秋声”两个角度来品味一下故都的“秋味”。)

四、品味诗歌艺术1、诗人是如何表现其品质的?运用了什么修辞手法?产生了怎样的表达效果?明确:诗句“扈江离与辟芷兮,纫秋兰以为佩”很好地体现了诗人光辉俊洁的人格。用“江离”“辟芷”“秋兰”三种香草来装饰自己,比喻自己,极其生动形象地表现了诗人自己美好的精神世界,使诗歌充满了浪漫主义气息。2、《离骚》中作者常以“香草”、“美物”来比喻自己、贤士和君王,并表达政治理想,这是《离骚》的一大艺术特色,这种方法叫做“移情法”,即不直接说出自己想说的话,而是把它寄寓于某一物上,也就是“移情于物”,这种方法在古典诗词中广泛运用,在政治不清明的时代,借用“移情”,可言难言之语,抒难抒之情。请找出相关的诗句,说说诗人是怎样运用这些比喻来表达政治理想的。

教学过程:一、导语毛泽东在《沁园春雪》俯视封建君王“惜秦皇汉武。。。只识弯弓射大雕。”但如果历史上只有一个人可以与他相提并论,这个人只能是魏武帝曹操。“滚滚长江东逝水,浪花淘尽英雄。是非成败转头空,青山依旧在,几度夕阳红。”(《三国演义》卷首词)在历史的大浪淘沙中,有多少英雄能够经得起历史的千淘万漉而流芳百世呢?曹操应该是三国时代留下了浓重一笔的人物。老师总结,并启发他们去联系:我们学过他的《观沧海》“东临碣石,以观沧海…”还有《龟虽寿》“神龟虽寿,猷有竟时。老骥伏枥,志在千里;烈士暮年,壮心不已。”《青梅煮洒论英雄》中曾和他见过,《三国演义》电视剧播出后,大家和他也就频频见面了。《三国演义》第48回“宴长江曹操赋诗”中,赤壁之战前夕,曹操和众部将一起狂饮,他四顾空阔,心中大喜,与诸将讲述自己希望收服江南的雄心壮志。

二、整体感知1.导入新课同学们《细胞生命的礼赞》是一个医学家、生物学家关于生命、人生、社会乃至宇宙的思考。思想博大而深邃,信息庞杂而新奇,批评文明,嘲弄愚见,开阔眼界、激发思索。而其文笔又少见的优美、清新、幽默、含蓄,无愧当今科学散文中的大家手笔。无怪乎自1974年出版后,立即引起美国读书界和评论界的巨大反响和热烈欢呼,获得当年美国国家图书奖,此后18年来由好几家出版社印了二十多版,至今畅行不衰!年过花甲的刘易斯·托马斯的名字因这一本小书而家喻户晓,有口皆碑,以至于在他接连抛出后两本书时,书商都不用再作广告,只喊声"《细胞生命的礼赞》一书作者刘易斯·托马斯的新著"就够了。今天我们就来学习选自这部书的精彩章节《作为生物的社会》(板书课题)。

【教学目标】1.理解作者反抗黑暗,辞官归田,不与当时黑暗的上层社会同流合污而热爱田园生活的积极精神,学习其高洁的理想志趣和坚定的人生追求。2.掌握“胡、奚、曷、焉、何”五个疑问代词,归纳“行、引、乘、策”等四个词的一词多义,了解“以、而、之、兮、来”等文言虚词的用法。3.背诵全文。【教学重点】1.了解作者辞官归田的原因,深刻体味诗人鄙弃官场,热爱田园的无限欣喜之情。2.背诵全文。【教学难点】1.理解记述中渗透出的或喜或哀,或决绝或犹疑的复杂感情。2.归纳实词、虚词的用法,掌握省略句、倒装句两种句式。【教具准备】投影仪投影胶片【课时安排】2课时【教学过程】第一课时[教学要点]了解陶渊明及其作品。读课文,利用注释、工具书,初步把握文章,朗读课文,找出押韵的字,由押韵归纳各层大意,帮助学生理清背诵思路,背诵全文。[教学步骤]一、导语《桃花源记》是我们在初中接触过的陶渊明的作品。师生一同背诵。《桃花源记》中悠闲自得的田园生活正是作者精神追求的形象反映。今天我们学习的《归去来兮辞》正是作者决别官场,同上层社会分道扬镳的宣言书。

六、到此为止,我们了解到,作者对“笑”鲲鹏和别人的蜩与学鸠、斥鴳、宋荣子都一一作了否定。那么请大家讨论一下,1、作者对鲲鹏和“知效一官,行比一乡,德合一君,而征一国者”是不是肯定呢?明确:也都作了否定。否定后者好理解,关键是否定前者不好理解,因为“鲲鹏展翅”早已作为积极的意象被人们广泛引用。但在本文中,作者在讲述这一寓言故事时,突出的不是鲲鹏本身,而是风力,“故九万里,风斯在下矣,而后乃今培风;背负青天,而莫之夭阏者,而后乃今将图南”。对风力作用的突出,实际上就是对鲲鹏的否定。作者写了“笑”的双方,对“笑”的一方蜩与学鸠、斥鴳、宋荣子都作了否定,对被“笑”的一方鲲鹏和“知效一官,行比一乡,德合一君,而征一国者”也都作了否定,并且对顺便提及的野马、尘埃、芥、大舟、朝菌、蟪蛄、冥灵、大椿、彭祖、列子等事物或者人物也都作了否定。这种全盘否定的态度,如果我们借用本文中的一个形象的词语,可以说是:笑!是的,本文也可以说是:庄子“笑”万物!

2.【提问】《醉花阴》反映的是早年丈夫赵明诚游宦在外,作者一个人留在家中的生活状况和内心感受。对于这样的“闺怨”题材,应当怎样评价呢?【明确】作者作为一个封建时代的妇女,能够坦率地表达出自己对于丈夫深深的思恋之情,描写了闺中生活的孤独寂寞,这在当时乃是一种很大胆的行为。所以,有人批评说:李清照作词是“无顾忌”地“肆意落笔”。其实,感情的充沛、真挚,敢于正面地展露自己的行为和内心世界,正是她创作成功的重要原因之一,也正是她的词最值得珍视的地方。3.【提问】古人常常爱用花比喻人之美貌,如“芙蓉如面柳如眉”,“人面桃花相映红”等,而李清照却说“人比黄花瘦”,这样的比喻有什么丰富的内涵?【明确】黄色的菊花不止外形上雅淡、清秀,与作者因相思而消瘦的体态相近,而且在菊花品格的传统象征意义上,也酷似作者清高、淡泊的精神,这样的比喻正比较恰切地反映了当时作者由于离开丈夫而孤独、愁闷的生活状态和内心情感。

【本课小结】本课主要讲述了古代中国土地制度的发展情况。明清的资本主义萌芽,是中国封建社会内部产生的新生事物。但资本主义萌芽受到的封建王朝“重农抑商”和“闭关锁国”政策的阻碍。正是这种“闭关锁国”与“重农抑商”政策相结合,导致了资本主义萌芽的缓慢发展,并使中国与世隔绝,不能及时学习西方先进的科学技术,使中国落后于世界潮流,从而埋下了日后落后挨打的祸根。【智能训练】阅读下列材料:材料一自耕农是封建国家直接剥削的对象。为了保证赋税、徭役的供应,封建国家历来关注这一阶层的存在。“稳定小农”是封建王朝长治久安的良策,每一个新王朝建立时,对此尤为关注。他们总是采取鼓励垦荒等政策,积极培植自耕农。诚然,自耕农这一阶层是很不稳定的,经常分化。
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